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Table of Contents generated with DocToc

Node.js初步 - API - Path

用于处理和转换文件路径的工具集,用于处理目录的对象

Path API

path.normalize

path.normalize(pathString)

Normalize a string path, taking care of '..' and '.' parts.

path.normalize('/foo/bar//baz/asdf/quux/..')
// returns
'/foo/bar/baz/asdf'

If the path string passed as argument is a zero-length string then '.' will be returned, which represents the current working directory.

当传递空string的时候返回.，代表了当前所在目录

path.parse & path.format

path.parse(pathString)

将path解析为object

path.parse('/home/user/dir/file.txt')
// returns
{
    root : "/",
    dir : "/home/user/dir",
    base : "file.txt",
    ext : ".txt",
    name : "file"
}
path.format(pathObject);

与 path.parse 作用相反，将object合成为path

path.format({
    root : "/",
    dir : "/home/user/dir",
    base : "file.txt",
    ext : ".txt",
    name : "file"
})
// returns
'/home/user/dir/file.txt'

path.relative & path.resolve

path.relative(from, to);

解析出一段从from到to的相对路径

path.relative examples:

// 用 path.relative 获取从 from 到 to 的相对路径

path.relative('C:\\orandea\\test\\aaa', 'C:\\orandea\\impl\\bbb')
// returns
'..\\..\\impl\\bbb'

path.relative('/data/orandea/test/aaa', '/data/orandea/impl/bbb')
// returns
'../../impl/bbb'
path.resolve([from ...], to);

将 to 解析为一段绝对路径

If to isn't already absolute from arguments are prepended in right to left order, until an absolute path is found

如果to不是一个相对于from 参数的绝对路径，to会被添加到from的右边，直到找出一个绝对路径为止

The resulting path is normalized

path.resolve examples:

path.resolve('foo/bar', '/tmp/file/', '..', 'a/../subfile')

把它看做一系列 cd 命令

path.resolve('foo/bar', '/tmp/file/', '..', 'a/../subfile')

//相当于
cd foo/bar
cd /tmp/file/
cd ..
cd a/../subfile
pwd
path.resolve('/foo/bar', './baz')
// returns
'/foo/bar/baz'

path.resolve('/foo/bar', '/tmp/file/')
// returns
'/tmp/file'

path.resolve('wwwroot', 'static_files/png/', '../gif/image.gif')
// if currently in /home/myself/node, it returns
'/home/myself/node/wwwroot/static_files/gif/image.gif'

path.sep

The platform-specific file separator. \\ or /

'foo/bar/baz'.split(path.sep)

// returns
['foo', 'bar', 'baz']

path.join

path.join([path1][, path2][, ...])

Join all arguments together and normalize the resulting path.

将参数合并为 normalize 路径

path.join('/foo', 'bar', 'baz/asdf', 'quux', '..')
// returns
'/foo/bar/baz/asdf'

path.join('foo', {}, 'bar')
// throws exception
TypeError: Arguments to path.join must be strings

会忽略空参数。

如果结果为空，则会返回 .，代表当前目录

path.isAbsolute

path.isAbsolute(path);

判断是否是绝对路径

path.isAbsolute('/foo/bar') // true
path.isAbsolute('/baz/..')  // true
path.isAbsolute('qux/')     // false
path.isAbsolute('.')        // false

path.dirname & path.extname

path.dirname(pathString);

返回路径中的目录名

path.dirname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux')

// returns
'/foo/bar/baz/asdf'
path.extname(pathString)

返回扩展名。从最后的一个.到路径末尾

如果在路径的最后一部分中不存在.，或者以.开头的话，则返回空

path.extname('index.html')
// returns
'.html'

path.extname('index.coffee.md')
// returns
'.md'

path.extname('index.')
// returns
'.'

path.extname('index')
// returns
''

path.extname('.index')
// returns
''

path.basename

path.basename(pathString[, ext]);

basename函数可返回路径中的最后一部分，并且可以对其进行条件排除

path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html')
// returns
'quux.html'

path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html', '.html') // 排除 .html
// returns
'quux'