diff --git a/src/entity/CityEvent.ts b/src/entity/CityEvent.ts
index 9999639..62d9917 100644
--- a/src/entity/CityEvent.ts
+++ b/src/entity/CityEvent.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ abstract class Event {
 	constructor(
 		public readonly type: CityEventType,
 		public readonly _payload: Record<string, any>,
-		public readonly createdAt: Date = new Date(),
+		public readonly createdAt: Date,
 	) {}
 
 	get payload(): Record<string, any> {
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ abstract class Event {
 }
 
 export class CityInitializedEvent extends Event {
-	constructor(payload: Record<string, any>) {
-		super(CityEventType.CityInitializedEvent, payload);
+	constructor(payload: Record<string, any>, createdAt: Date = new Date()) {
+		super(CityEventType.CityInitializedEvent, payload, createdAt);
 	}
 }
 
 export class RefreshEvent extends Event {
-	constructor(payload: Record<string, any>) {
-		super(CityEventType.RefreshEvent, payload);
+	constructor(payload: Record<string, any>, createdAt: Date = new Date()) {
+		super(CityEventType.RefreshEvent, payload, createdAt);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/repository/KvCityRepository.ts b/src/repository/KvCityRepository.ts
index d863c76..12625cd 100644
--- a/src/repository/KvCityRepository.ts
+++ b/src/repository/KvCityRepository.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
 	CityEvent,
 	CityEventType,
 	CityInitializedEvent,
+	RefreshEvent,
 } from "@entity/CityEvent";
 import { addBreadcrumb } from "@sentry/cloudflare";
 
@@ -77,7 +78,12 @@ export class KvCityRepository {
 	private rebuildEvent(event: EventSchema): CityEvent {
 		switch (event.type) {
 			case CityEventType.CityInitializedEvent:
-				return new CityInitializedEvent(event.payload);
+				return new CityInitializedEvent(
+					event.payload,
+					new Date(event.createdAt),
+				);
+			case CityEventType.RefreshEvent:
+				return new RefreshEvent(event.payload, new Date(event.createdAt));
 			default:
 				throw new Error(`Unknown event type: ${event.type}`);
 		}