-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathDOW-002.xml
executable file
·183 lines (182 loc) · 14 KB
/
DOW-002.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-model href="http://www.stoa.org/epidoc/schema/9.3/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
<?xml-model href="http://www.stoa.org/epidoc/schema/9.3/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="en">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>DOW-002. Nendrum Cross Slab</title>
<editor role="editor" xml:id="NW"><persName>Nora White</persName>
<orgName>Maynooth University, Department of Early Irish</orgName></editor>
<funder>Royal Irish Academy</funder>
<funder>
<ref target="https://www.ria.ie/sites/default/files/nowlan_digitisation_grants_2021.pdf">Nowlan Digitisation Grant</ref>
</funder>
<respStmt>
<name ref="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-651X">Nora White</name>
<resp>data collection, editing and encoding</resp>
</respStmt>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>EMILI</authority>
<idno type="filename">DOW-002</idno>
<availability>
<licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</licence>
</availability>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<msDesc>
<msIdentifier>
<repository>National Museums NI</repository>
<idno type="invNo">BELUM.A6.1925</idno>
</msIdentifier>
<msContents>
<msItem>
<textLang mainLang="la-Latn">Latin written in latin script</textLang>
</msItem>
</msContents>
<physDesc>
<objectDesc>
<supportDesc>
<support>
<p>Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record Number: <ref target="https://apps.communities-ni.gov.uk/NISMR-PUBLIC/Details.aspx?MonID=6805">DOW017:005</ref>.
Fragments of a <material ref="materials.xml#lapis">sedimentary stone</material> <objectType ref="objects.xml#mon3">cross slab</objectType>
(<dimensions unit="m">
<height>0.43</height>
<width>0.29</width>
<depth/>
</dimensions>, converted from <ref source="https://apps.communities-ni.gov.uk/NISMR-PUBLIC/docs/DOW/DOW_017/DOW_017_005/Public/SM7-DOW-017-005.pdf">SMR file, 214</ref>). The first and larger, triangular shaped fragment contains <q>a peripheral portion from the bottom right side of the overall cross slab design</q>. A recently identified second fragment <q>contains the bottom left side of the cross design and confirms that the design is a compass drawn <rs type="decoration" ref="crosses.xml#cross-of-Arcs">cross of arcs</rs> set on a bed of quatrefoils and bound by a cricular double frame</q> (<ref source="#DOW2018">Downey 2018, 1-2</ref>). </p></support>
</supportDesc>
<layoutDesc>
<layout>The inscription is <!--<rs type="execution" key="punctim" ref="https://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/writing/lod/11.html">pecked</rs>--> located below the cross design on the larger fragment in two <rs type="style">horizontal</rs> lines, the first possibly complete but the second partial. The letters are <q>finely formed and carefully placed</q> (<ref source="#DOW2018">Downey 2018, 1-2</ref>).</layout>
</layoutDesc>
</objectDesc>
<handDesc>
<handNote>Originally thought (<ref source="#LAW1925">by Macalister 1925, 70-71</ref>) to be in the Runic script (Old Norse language), <ref source="BAR1997">Barnes, Hagland and Page (1997, 2)</ref> rejected this stating that <q>only one letter coincides with a runic graph, <hi rend="italic">a</hi>, though another is a marginal possibility, <hi rend="italic">l</hi>; the rest are pretty clearly not runic</q>. <ref source="#CHA2006">Charles-Edwards (2006, 266-267, 310)</ref> (also <ref source="#CHA2007">2007, 396-404</ref>) was the first to acknowledge it as <q>an inscription in lightweight angular capitals</q> (otherwise known as 'decorative capitals' and also found on metalwork, such as the <ref target="https://www.museum.ie/en-IE/Collections-Research/Collection/The-Treasury/Artefact/The-Ardagh-Chalice/ac53e68e-76a4-4560-a624-c87647c57a00">Ardagh Chalice</ref>, and in insular manuscripts, such as the <ref target="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Kells">Book of Kells</ref> and the <ref target="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindisfarne_Gospels">Lindisfarne Gospels</ref>). She describes the Nendrum lettering as follows: <q>Lightweight Roman capitals P and R with gate M, boxed U, minuscule right angled s, Type C manuscript display capital S, angular uncial A, squared capital C, and the scribal manuscript symbol representing the contraction for `inter'</q>. She also dentified some words in Latin in this inscription and compared this decorative, display style of lettering to that of the inscription on Toureen Peacaun East Cross shaft (<ref source="#OKA2001">Okasha and Forsyth 2001, 290-297</ref>; <ref source="#CHA2006">Charles-Edwards 2006, 266-267</ref>). In 2018 <ref source="#DOW2018">Downey</ref> built on the work of Charles-Edwards and supplied a <q>hypothetical reconstruction</q> (adding a third line) with a detailed and quite convincing explanation.
<height>The lettering of the second line is slightly larger than that of the first.</height>
</handNote>
</handDesc>
</physDesc>
<history>
<origin>
<origPlace corresp="#findspot" ref="origPlace.xml#Nendrum">
<placeName type="site">Nendrum (<ref target="https://www.logainm.ie/ga/120040"><hi rend="italic">Naondroim</hi></ref>)</placeName>, in the townland of <placeName type="townland">Mahee Island (<ref target="https://www.logainm.ie/ga/66110"><hi rend="italic">Inis Mochaoi</hi></ref>)</placeName>, <placeName type="county">Co. Down</placeName>,
<geo>54.498173, -5.647652</geo>.
</origPlace>
<origDate><!--?? century A.D--></origDate>
</origin>
<provenance type="found" when="1921"><p>The larger inscribed fragment was discovered during excavation at <ref source="https://monasticon.celt.dias.ie/showrecord.php?id=4629">Nendrum early ecclesiastical site</ref> by Lawlor in 1921 (<ref source="#LAW1921">Lawlor 1925, 70-71</ref>) and the second fragment was recently identified among the excavation finds (<ref source="#DOW2018">Downey 2018, 1-2</ref>) .
<placeName type="site">Nendrum</placeName> is said to have been <q>founded in the C5th by St.Mochaoi and its abbots and bishops are recorded in the annals C7th-9th. In 987 it was burned probably in a Viking raid. The site now consists of the ruins of a church, round tower, enclosures, buildings, graves, carved stones and a rare pre-Norman sundial. The site is surrounded by 3 concentric enclosures. There are many burials within the inner and middle enclosures, some predating the church. In the middle enclosure is a monastic workshop</q> (<ref source="https://apps.communities-ni.gov.uk/NISMR-PUBLIC/Details.aspx?MonID=6805">SMR file</ref>).</p>
</provenance>
<provenance type="observed"><p>The fragments are now in <ref target="http://www.downcountymuseum.com/">Down County Museum</ref>.</p>
</provenance>
</history>
</msDesc>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc>
<p>Encoded following EpiDoc guidelines 9.3</p>
<p>Taxonomies for EMII (Early Medieval Irish Inscriptions) controlled values??</p>
<!-- <charDecl>
<glyph xml:id="crux">
<mapping type="standard">†</mapping>
<mapping type="simplified">(crux)</mapping>
<mapping type="g-london-diplomatic">†</mapping>
</glyph>
</charDecl>-->
</encodingDesc>
<profileDesc>
<calendarDesc>
<calendar xml:id="julian">
<p>Julian Calendar</p>
</calendar>
</calendarDesc>
<langUsage>
<language ident="en">English</language>
<language ident="grc">Ancient Greek</language>
<language ident="la">Latin</language>
<language ident="ga-Latn">Irish written in latin script</language>
<language ident="sga-Latn">Old Irish written in latin script</language>
<language ident="mga-Latn">Middle Irish written in latin script</language>
</langUsage>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="http://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/typeins.html">
<term ana="#function.acclamation" ref="https://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/typeins/lod/73.html">Acclamation</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc status="draft">
<listChange>
<change when="2021-07-08" who="#NW">
Nora White created xml doc
</change>
<change when="2022-10-06" who="#NW">
Nora White replaced decoration type 'symbol' (cross) with new authority 'crosses' (Latin cross, outline cross, ringed cross, etc)
</change>
<change when="2022-10-07" who="#NW">
Nora White updated ISO Irish language codes from 'ga-Latn' (Irish) to also 'mga-Latn' (Middle Irish) and 'sga-Latn' (Old Irish)
</change>
</listChange>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
<facsimile>
<surface n="i"><desc>Fragment with inscription</desc>
<graphic url="Nendrum_1.jpg"><desc>Photo of first fragment courtesy of National Museums NI (<ref target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC-BY-NC-SA</ref>)</desc></graphic>
</surface>
<surface n="ii"><desc>Second fragment of cross design</desc>
<graphic url="Nendrum_2.jpg"><desc>Photo of second fragment courtesy of Down County Museum</desc></graphic>
</surface>
</facsimile>
<text>
<body>
<div type="edition" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="la" >
<ab>
<lb n="1"/><supplied reason="lost" cert="low"><g ref="symbols.xml#†">†</g></supplied>
<expan><w lemma="prīmus"><abbr>PRIM</abbr><ex>UM</ex></w></expan>
<w lemma="opus">OPUS</w> <expan><w lemma="uel"><abbr>ɫ</abbr><ex>UEL</ex></w></expan>
<lb n="2"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><w lemma="gloria"><supplied reason="lost" cert="medium">GL</supplied><hi rend="supraline">O</hi>RIA</w> <w lemma="creātiō">CR<lb n="3" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">EATONIS</supplied></w>
</ab>
</div>
<div type="apparatus">
<listApp>
<app loc="1">
<note>Read by Macalister (<ref source="#LAW1925">Lawlor 1925, 70-71</ref>), taking it as a Old Norse inscription written in runes, as ...BRIMOBA/OTA... 'of the chief abbot'.</note></app></listApp>
</div>
<div type="translation" xml:lang="en">
<p>The first work, that is, the glory of creation</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<list type="witDetail">
<item n="1"><p>The edition here is that proposed by <ref source="#DOW2018">Downey (2018, 4)</ref>, who suggests that the mark that can be seen before the initial P on the stone is what remains of an <rs type="decoration" ref="symbols.xml#initialCrosslet">initial crosslet</rs>: <q>the end of the right arm of a small bifurcated cross</q>, which is relatively common at the beginning of inscriptions, and is <q>counter-balanced at the end of the row by the cross-like symbol ɫ</q>. Initial crosslets are common before texts on carved stone monuments and on metalwork, as well as in manuscripts, on the Continent and in Britain (<ref source="LIO1961">Lionard 1961, 101–2</ref>). In Ireland, they are attested from the later 7th/8th centuries (e.g., Toureen Peakaun) to the 12th century (e.g., the Cross of Cong). However, they are not as common as in Anglo-Saxon England (<ref source="OKA2001">Okasha and Forsyth 2001, 16</ref>).
</p></item>
</list>
</div>
<div type="bibliography">
<head>Bibliography</head>
<p>
<bibl><ptr target="#BAR1997"/>Barnes, Hagland and Page 1997,
<citedRange>2</citedRange>
</bibl>;
<bibl><ptr target="#CHA2006"/>Charles-Edwards 2006,
<citedRange>310</citedRange>
</bibl>;
<bibl><ptr target="#CHA2007"/>Charles-Edwards 2007,
<citedRange>396-404</citedRange>
</bibl>;
<bibl><ptr target="#DOW2018"/>Downey 2018,
<citedRange>1-8</citedRange>
</bibl>;
<bibl><ptr target="#HAM2001"/>Hamlin 2001,
<citedRange>56-7</citedRange>
</bibl>;
<bibl><ptr target="#JOP1966"/>Jope 1966,
<citedRange>292</citedRange>
</bibl>;
<bibl><ptr target="#LAW1925"/>Lawlor 1925,
<citedRange>70-71</citedRange>
</bibl>
</p>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>