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INSTALL.md

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picam Compilation Guide

This document describes how to build picam. The whole process takes about 2-3 hours with a standard Linux box.

Binary releases are also available

For those who don't want to build picam themselves, the standalone binary is available at https://github.com/iizukanao/picam/releases/latest

To build picam yourself, continue reading.

Prerequisites

We need to install some packages used to build crosstool-ng

On Debian based systems

$ apt-get install flex bison automake gperf libtool patch texinfo ncurses-dev help2man

On Fedora based systems

$ yum install flex bison automake gperf libtool texinfo patch gcc gcc-c++ gmp-devel help2man
$ yum install ncurses-devel ncurses glibc-devel glibc-static libstdc++-static

Install crosstool-ng

First we need to install crosstool-ng on a powerful Linux machine (not the Raspberry Pi) to be able to cross-compile ffmpeg.

$ mkdir ~/pi
$ cd ~/pi
$ wget http://crosstool-ng.org/download/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.22.0.tar.xz
$ tar xvf crosstool-ng-1.22.0.tar.xz
$ cd crosstool-ng
$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/cross
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/cross/bin
$ cd ..
$ mkdir ctng
$ cd ctng
$ ct-ng menuconfig

Then we need to configure the cross compiler for our Raspberry Pi version. The following configurations are for crosstool-ng 1.22.0, and they may not be applicable to later versions.

For Raspberry Pi generation 1 (A, B, A+, B+, zero)

  • Paths and misc options
    • Check "Try features marked as EXPERIMENTAL"
    • Set "Prefix directory" to "/opt/cross/x-tools/${CT_TARGET}"
    • (OPTIONAL) Set "Number of parallel jobs" to amount of cores your processor has
  • Target options
    • Set "Target Architecture" to "arm"
    • Set "Endianness" to "Little endian"
    • Set "Bitness" to "32-bit"
    • Set "Emit assembly for CPU" to "arm1176jzf-s"
    • Set "Use specific FPU" to "vfp"
    • Set "Floating point" to "hardware (FPU)"
    • Set "Default instruction set mode" to "arm"
    • Check "Use EABI"
  • Toolchain options
    • Set "Tuple's vendor string" to "rpi"
  • Operating System
    • Set "Target OS" to "linux"
  • Binary utilities
    • Set "Binary format" to "ELF"
    • Set "binutils version" to "2.25.1"
  • C-library
    • Set "C library" to "glibc"
    • Set "glibc version" to "2.22"
  • C compiler
    • Check "Show Linaro versions"
    • Set "gcc version" to "linaro-4.9-2015.06"
    • Set "gcc extra config" to "--with-float=hard"
    • Check "Link libstdc++ statically into the gcc binary"
    • Check "C++" under "Additional supported languages"

For Raspberry Pi generation 2

  • Paths and misc options
    • Check "Try features marked as EXPERIMENTAL"
    • Set "Prefix directory" to "/opt/cross/x-tools/${CT_TARGET}"
    • (OPTIONAL) Set "Number of parallel jobs" to amount of cores your processor has
  • Target options
    • Set "Target Architecture" to "arm"
    • Set "Endianness" to "Little endian"
    • Set "Bitness" to "32-bit"
    • Set "Emit assembly for CPU" to "cortex-a7"
    • Set "Use specific FPU" to "neon-vfpv4"
    • Set "Floating point" to "hardware (FPU)"
    • Set "Default instruction set mode" to "arm"
    • Check "Use EABI"
  • Toolchain options
    • Set "Tuple's vendor string" to "rpi"
  • Operating System
    • Set "Target OS" to "linux"
  • Binary utilities
    • Set "Binary format" to "ELF"
    • Set "binutils version" to "2.25.1"
  • C-library
    • Set "C library" to "glibc"
    • Set "glibc version" to "2.22"
  • C compiler
    • Check "Show Linaro versions"
    • Set "gcc version" to "linaro-4.9-2015.06"
    • Set "gcc extra config" to "--with-float=hard"
    • Check "Link libstdc++ statically into the gcc binary"
    • Check "C++" under "Additional supported languages"

Save the configuration and build.

$ sudo chown -R $USER /opt/cross
$ ct-ng build
$ export CCPREFIX="/opt/cross/x-tools/arm-rpi-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-rpi-linux-gnueabihf-"

Build fdk-aac

We will use $HOME/pi/ as a working directory and put compiled binaries and header files in $HOME/pi/build/. Set the environment variable $PIBUILD.

$ export PIBUILD=$HOME/pi/build
$ mkdir $PIBUILD
$ cd ~/pi

Download fdk-aac-0.1.4.tar.gz (or the latest version) from http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencore-amr/.

$ tar zxvf fdk-aac-0.1.4.tar.gz
$ cd fdk-aac-0.1.4
$ CC=${CCPREFIX}gcc CXX=${CCPREFIX}g++ ./configure --host=arm-rpi-linux-gnueabi --prefix=$PIBUILD
$ make
$ make install

Build ffmpeg

You can't use ffmpeg that can be installed via apt-get or pacman.

Copy ALSA headers and libs from Raspberry Pi (for Raspbian users)

Log in to Raspberry Pi and install libasound2-dev and libssl-dev via apt-get.

$ sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev libssl-dev

Return to the compiling machine. Set an environment variable $PIUSR, and copy ALSA headers and libs from Raspberry Pi.

$ export PIUSR=$HOME/pi/usr
$ mkdir $PIUSR
$ cd $PIUSR
$ mkdir include lib
$ rsync -rav pi@raspberrypi:/usr/include/alsa/ $PIUSR/include/alsa/
$ rsync -rav pi@raspberrypi:/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libasound.so* $PIUSR/lib/
$ tree --charset=ascii
.
|-- include
|   `-- alsa
|       |-- alisp.h
:       :   :
|       |-- sound
|       |   |-- asound_fm.h
:       :   :   :
|       |   `-- type_compat.h
|       |-- timer.h
|       |-- use-case.h
|       `-- version.h
`-- lib
    |-- libasound.so -> libasound.so.2.0.0
    |-- libasound.so.2 -> libasound.so.2.0.0
    `-- libasound.so.2.0.0

4 directories, 39 files

Copy ALSA headers and libs from Raspberry Pi (for Arch Linux users)

Log in to Raspberry Pi and install alsa-lib and alsa-utils via pacman.

$ sudo pacman -S alsa-lib alsa-utils

Return to the compiling machine. Set an environment variable $PIUSR, and copy ALSA headers and libs from Raspberry Pi.

$ export PIUSR=$HOME/pi/usr
$ mkdir $PIUSR
$ cd $PIUSR
$ mkdir include lib
$ rsync -rav pi@raspberrypi:/usr/include/alsa/ $PIUSR/include/alsa/
$ rsync -rav pi@raspberrypi:/usr/lib/libasound.so* $PIUSR/lib/
$ tree --charset=ascii
.
|-- include
|   `-- alsa
|       |-- alisp.h
:       :   :
|       |-- sound
|       |   |-- asound_fm.h
:       :   :   :
|       |   `-- type_compat.h
|       |-- timer.h
|       |-- use-case.h
|       `-- version.h
`-- lib
    |-- libasound.so -> libasound.so.2.0.0
    |-- libasound.so.2 -> libasound.so.2.0.0
    `-- libasound.so.2.0.0

4 directories, 39 files

Compile ffmpeg

Fetch ffmpeg source and configure it:

$ cd ~/pi
$ git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
$ cd ffmpeg
$ PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:$PIBUILD/lib/pkgconfig CC=${CCPREFIX}gcc CXX=${CCPREFIX}g++ ./configure --enable-cross-compile --cross-prefix=${CCPREFIX} --arch=armel --target-os=linux --prefix=$PIBUILD --extra-cflags="-I$PIBUILD/include -I$PIUSR/include -fPIC" --extra-ldflags="-L$PIBUILD/lib -L$PIUSR/lib -fPIC" --enable-libfdk-aac --pkg-config=`which pkg-config`

In the output of configure, make sure that:

  • "Enabled indevs" has "alsa"
  • "Enabled encoders" has "libfdk_aac"

If all goes well, build ffmpeg.

$ make
$ make install

If you are running on a system with multiple cores you can invoke make with the -j option. You get the number of cores with the first command.

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l
$ make -j <num cores>
$ make install

Transfer the files to Raspberry Pi

Transfer the contents of $PIBUILD directory to Raspberry Pi.

$ rsync -rav $PIBUILD/ pi@raspberrypi:build/

Then, put those files into /usr/local/ so that you have /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg.

(on Raspberry Pi)
$ cd ~/build
$ ls
bin  include  lib  share
$ sudo rsync -rav ./ /usr/local/

We are done with the powerful machine which we used for cross compiling.

If you don't have /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libc.conf on Raspberry Pi, create that file with the following contents. On Raspbian, /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libc.conf is installed by default.

/usr/local/lib

Run ldconfig.

$ sudo ldconfig

Run ffmpeg -codecs | grep fdk and make sure that the output has this line:

 DEA.L. aac                  AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) (decoders: aac libfdk_aac ) (encoders: aac libfdk_aac )

Build libilclient

From now on, all steps are performed on Raspberry Pi.

$ cd /opt/vc/src/hello_pi/libs/ilclient
$ make

If you do not have the /opt/vc/src/ directory, download the firmware from https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware and put all the contents under /opt/vc/src/. On Raspbian, /opt/vc/src/ is installed by default.

Install dependencies

Install libfontconfig1-dev and libharfbuzz-dev via apt-get.

$ sudo apt-get install libfontconfig1-dev libharfbuzz-dev

Build picam

$ cd (to anywhere you like)
$ git clone https://github.com/iizukanao/picam.git
$ cd picam
$ chmod +x whichpi
$ make

If you want to save some disk space, strip the binary.

$ strip picam

Check that picam runs without errors.

$ ./picam --help

Configuration for Arch Linux

If you are using Arch Linux, you need to have these two lines in /boot/config.txt.

start_file=start_x.elf
fixup_file=fixup_x.dat

Also, assign at least 128MB for GPU memory.

gpu_mem_512=128

Reboot the Raspberry Pi for the changes to take effect.