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07-phl110-src.Rmd
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class: middle center
# *Philosophy of Art*
.red[*taste, value and aesthetic judgement*]
George Matthews, Pennsylvania College of Technology
*2020*
---
## *Philosophical questions about art*
.question[
What is art anyway? All cultures have some form of artistic production but what is its function? Philosophers seek a theoretical understanding of art.
]
![:vspace 10]()
.question[
Are some art works better than others, or is the value of art strictly a matter of personal taste? Philosophers are interested in exploring the nature and validity of aesthetic judgment.
]
![:vspace 10]()
.question[
What is the nature of creativity in the arts? What's the relation between novelty and tradition, individuality and collaboration in the arts?
]
---
layout: true
### *Art as Representation*
---
.argument[
Art is first of all a representation -- it captures some aspect of the artist's experience of reality and presents it in a particular medium.
]
![:vspace 15]()
.question[
.red[What] do we represent in art and .red[why] do we do this?
]
---
The oldest surviving art dates back more than 20,000 years. The caves of Lascaux, France are filled with depictions of animals and their human hunters.
---
These representations seem to have had a ritual function, depicting human needs and desires as much as they depicted elements of the world of the artists.
---
The Ancient Greeks depicted their gods in idealized human form, representing their vision of both divine and human perfection.
---
Even the structural elements of architecture were used as ways of representing the humanistic ideals of ancient Athens.
---
The Romans decorated their houses and palaces with depictions of Greek philosophers and heroes. This is ironic since Plato thought of art as a distraction from the quest for the truth about things.
---
Artists of the Renaissance adopted the humanistic ideals of Greece and sought to represent them directly and realistically.
---
Artistic representation of religious stories and themes played a major role in religious devotion, especially in Catholicism.
---
Early Buddhism intentionally omitted representations of the Buddha -- the founder of the tradition, but instead depicted the location of important events.
---
That changed of course and Buddhism is known for its countless depictions of the Buddha seated in meditation.
---
Some artists have used the representational power of art to show us things we wouldn't otherwise see.
---
Francisco Goya
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
layout: false
### *Find out more*
---
class: center credits
#### Credits
*Built with:*
 html presentation framework
<!-- *Photos by:* -->
[download this presentation](./pdf/07-phl110-slides.pdf) or [print it](./pdf/07-phl110-handout.pdf)
: requires a (free) GitHub account.