4. Veri Manipülasyonu/veri_manipulasyonu201.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Introduction to Pandas*\n",
    "- *Pandas: Panel Data*\n",
    "- *Veri manipülasyonu ve veri analizi için yazılmış açık kaynak kodlu bir Python kütüphanesidir.*\n",
    "- *Ekonometrik ve finansal çalışmalar için doğmuştur.*\n",
    "- *Temeli 2008 yılında atılmıştır.*\n",
    "- *R DataFrame yapısını Python dünyasına taşımış ve DataFrame'ler üzerinde hızlı ve etkili çalışabilme imkanı sağlamıştır.*\n",
    "- *Bir çok farklı veri tipini okuma ve yazma imkanı sağlar.*\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Creating a Pandas Series*\n",
    "- *axes: Pandas serisinin index bilgilerini verir.*\n",
    "- *values: Index bilgisi olmadan sadece değerleri getirir.*\n",
    "- *head: Serinin yada veri setinin ilk 5, 10 vs. gözlemine erişmek için kullanılır.*\n",
    "- *tail: Serinin yada veri setinin son 5, 10 vs. gözlemine erişmek için kullanılır.*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Tipi: <class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>\n",
      "\n",
      "Index bilgileri:  [RangeIndex(start=0, stop=5, step=1)]\n",
      "\n",
      "Serideki değerler: [10 88 32 49 67]\n",
      "\n",
      "Serinin ilk 5 gözlemi:\n",
      " 0    10\n",
      "1    88\n",
      "2    32\n",
      "3    49\n",
      "4    67\n",
      "dtype: int64\n",
      "\n",
      "Serinin son 2 gözlemi:\n",
      " 3    49\n",
      "4    67\n",
      "dtype: int64\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Pandas kütüphanesini çağıralım\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "seri = pd.Series([10,88,32,49,67])\n",
    "print(\"Tipi:\", type(seri), end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(\"Index bilgileri: \", seri.axes, end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(\"Serideki değerler:\", seri.values, end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(\"Serinin ilk 5 gözlemi:\\n\", seri.head(), end=\"\\n\\n\") #head'in içine hiçbir şey yazmazsan sadece ilk 5 gözlemi getirir\n",
    "print(\"Serinin son 2 gözlemi:\\n\", seri.tail(2)) #tail'in içine hiçbir şey yazmazsan sadece son 5 gözlemi getirir\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Index Naming*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1     99\n",
       "3     22\n",
       "5    332\n",
       "7     94\n",
       "9      5\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Index numaralarını kendimiz belirleyelim\n",
    "pd.Series([99,22,332,94,5], index= [1,3,5,7,9])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a     99\n",
       "b     22\n",
       "c    332\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "seri = pd.Series([99,22,332,94,5], index= [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\", \"e\"])\n",
    "seri[\"a\": \"c\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Creating a list from the dictionary*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "reg     10\n",
       "log     11\n",
       "cart    12\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "sozluk = {\"reg\": 10, \"log\": 11, \"cart\": 12}\n",
    "seri = pd.Series(sozluk)\n",
    "seri"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Create a series by combining two series*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "reg     10\n",
       "log     11\n",
       "cart    12\n",
       "reg     10\n",
       "log     11\n",
       "cart    12\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.concat([seri, seri])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Element Operations*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0      1\n",
      "1      2\n",
      "2     33\n",
      "3    444\n",
      "4     75\n",
      "dtype: int32\n",
      "\n",
      "0     1\n",
      "1     2\n",
      "2    33\n",
      "dtype: int32\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "\n",
    "a = np.array([1,2,33,444,75])\n",
    "seri = pd.Series(a)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(seri, end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(seri[0:3])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- *index: Sadece index değerlerine erişmek için kullanılır*\n",
    "- *keys: Sadece key bilgilerini getirir*\n",
    "- *items: key + value bir arada getirir*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Index değerleri: Index(['reg', 'loj', 'cart', 'rf'], dtype='object')\n",
      "\n",
      "Key değerleri:\n",
      " <bound method Series.keys of reg     121\n",
      "loj     200\n",
      "cart    150\n",
      "rf       99\n",
      "dtype: int64>\n",
      "\n",
      "Value değerleri: [121 200 150  99]\n",
      "\n",
      "Item değerleri: [('reg', 121), ('loj', 200), ('cart', 150), ('rf', 99)]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "seri = pd.Series([121,200,150,99],\n",
    "                  index= [\"reg\", \"loj\", \"cart\", \"rf\"])\n",
    "\n",
    "print(\"Index değerleri:\", seri.index, end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(\"Key değerleri:\\n\", seri.keys, end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(\"Value değerleri:\", seri.values, end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(\"Item değerleri:\", list(seri.items()))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Eleman sorgulama\n",
    "\"reg\" in seri "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "rf      99\n",
       "reg    121\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 42,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# fancy eleman\n",
    "seri[[\"rf\", \"reg\"]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "reg     130\n",
       "loj     200\n",
       "cart    150\n",
       "rf       99\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Elemanın değerini değiştirme \n",
    "seri[\"reg\"] = 130\n",
    "seri "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Creating a Pandas Dataframe*\n",
    "*Pandas Dataframe, yapısal bir veri tipidir. Excel veri yapısına benzerdir.*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken_ismi</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>67</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>90</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   degisken_ismi\n",
       "0              1\n",
       "1              2\n",
       "2             39\n",
       "3             67\n",
       "4             90"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "l = [1,2,39,67,90]\n",
    "\n",
    "pd.DataFrame(l, columns= [\"degisken_ismi\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[[1 2 3]\n",
      " [4 5 6]\n",
      " [7 8 9]]\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0     1     2     3\n",
       "1     4     5     6\n",
       "2     7     8     9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 45,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "m = np.arange(1,10).reshape((3,3))\n",
    "print(m)\n",
    "\n",
    "pd.DataFrame(m, columns= [\"var1\", \"var2\", \"var3\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0     1     2     3\n",
       "1     4     5     6\n",
       "2     7     8     9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# df isimlendirme\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(m, columns= [\"var1\", \"var2\", \"var3\"])\n",
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>deg1</th>\n",
       "      <th>deg2</th>\n",
       "      <th>deg3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   deg1  deg2  deg3\n",
       "0     1     2     3\n",
       "1     4     5     6\n",
       "2     7     8     9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Sütun isimlerini değiştirme\n",
    "df.columns = (\"deg1\", \"deg2\", \"deg3\")\n",
    "df "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Axes: [RangeIndex(start=0, stop=3, step=1), Index(['deg1', 'deg2', 'deg3'], dtype='object')]\n",
      "Boyut bilgisi: (3, 3)\n",
      "Boyut sayısı: 2\n",
      "Toplam eleman sayısı: 9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Axes:\",df.axes)\n",
    "print(\"Boyut bilgisi:\", df.shape)\n",
    "print(\"Boyut sayısı:\", df.ndim)\n",
    "print(\"Toplam eleman sayısı:\", df.size)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>e</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "a     3     2     0\n",
       "b     6     5     5\n",
       "c     6     6     0\n",
       "d     6     9     4\n",
       "e     5     1     7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 60,
     "metadata": {},
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    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "s1 = np.random.randint(10, size= 5)\n",
    "s2 = np.random.randint(10, size= 5)\n",
    "s3 = np.random.randint(10, size= 5)\n",
    "\n",
    "sozluk = {\"var1\": s1, \"var2\": s2, \"var3\": s3}\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(sozluk)\n",
    "\n",
    "df.index = [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\", \"e\"]\n",
    "\n",
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>e</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "b     6     5     5\n",
       "c     6     6     0\n",
       "d     6     9     4\n",
       "e     5     1     7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 61,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Eleman silme\n",
    "df.drop(\"a\", axis=0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>a</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>e</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "a     3     2     0\n",
       "b     6     5     5\n",
       "c     6     6     0\n",
       "d     6     9     4\n",
       "e     5     1     7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 62,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>e</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "b     6     5     5\n",
       "c     6     6     0\n",
       "d     6     9     4\n",
       "e     5     1     7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Ee biz \"a\" satırını silmiştik ama df yazınca geri geliyor. İşte silme işlemini kalıcı olarak yapmak istiyorsak 2 yolumuz var.\n",
    "# 1- Yaptığımız silme işlemini yeni bir değişkene atıp o değişken üzerinde tutacağız\n",
    "# 2- inplace= True yöntemini kullanacağız.\n",
    "\n",
    "df.drop(\"a\", axis=0, inplace= True)\n",
    "df # Gördüğünüz üzere silme işlemini kalıcı hale getirdik"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "b     6     5     5\n",
       "d     6     9     4"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 64,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# fancy index ile daha fazla bilgi silmek mümkün\n",
    "l = [\"c\", \"e\"]\n",
    "df.drop(l, axis= 0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "      <th>var4</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.200000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.666667</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>e</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3      var4\n",
       "b     6     5     5  1.200000\n",
       "c     6     6     0  1.000000\n",
       "d     6     9     4  0.666667\n",
       "e     5     1     7  5.000000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# yeni sütun değişkeni eklemek\n",
    "df[\"var4\"] = df[\"var1\"] / df[\"var2\"]\n",
    "df "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>d</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>e</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "b     6     5     5\n",
       "c     6     6     0\n",
       "d     6     9     4\n",
       "e     5     1     7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Değişken silmek\n",
    "df.drop(\"var4\", axis= 1, inplace= True)\n",
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Observation and Variable Selection: loc & iloc*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>14</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "      <td>27</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>27</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>18</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0     6     8    23\n",
       "1    22    28     3\n",
       "2    19    14    20\n",
       "3    29     2     6\n",
       "4    19    17    27\n",
       "5    24    25    11\n",
       "6     1    11    15\n",
       "7    27     3     6\n",
       "8    20    18    11\n",
       "9    28    17    10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "m = np.random.randint(1,30, size= (10,3))\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(m, columns= [\"var1\", \"var2\", \"var3\"])\n",
    "df "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>14</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0     6     8    23\n",
       "1    22    28     3\n",
       "2    19    14    20\n",
       "3    29     2     6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 68,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# loc: tanımlandığı şekli ile seçim yapmak için kullanılır.\n",
    "df.loc[0:3] # 3.index dahil getirir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>14</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0     6     8    23\n",
       "1    22    28     3\n",
       "2    19    14    20"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 69,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# iloc: alışık olduğumuz indeksleme mantığı ile seçim yapar.\n",
    "df.iloc[0:3] # 3.index hariç getirir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>14</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2\n",
       "0     6     8\n",
       "1    22    28\n",
       "2    19    14"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 70,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.iloc[:3, :2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    23\n",
       "1     3\n",
       "2    20\n",
       "3     6\n",
       "Name: var3, dtype: int32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 71,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.loc[0:3, \"var3\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    23\n",
       "1     3\n",
       "2    20\n",
       "Name: var3, dtype: int32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.iloc[0:3][\"var3\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Conditional Element operations*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2\n",
       "0    17    20\n",
       "1     5     5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 73,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "m = np.random.randint(1,30, size= (10,3))\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(m, columns= [\"var1\", \"var2\", \"var3\"])\n",
    "\n",
    "df[0:2][[\"var1\", \"var2\"]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    20\n",
       "2    29\n",
       "3    24\n",
       "5    10\n",
       "6    26\n",
       "7    16\n",
       "Name: var2, dtype: int32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[df.var1 > 15][\"var2\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>26</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "3    19    24     6\n",
       "5    28    10    11\n",
       "6    16    26    15\n",
       "7    21    16     6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 77,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[(df.var1 > 15) & (df.var3 < 20)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>26</td>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>26</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2\n",
       "0    17    20\n",
       "2    26    29\n",
       "3    19    24\n",
       "5    28    10\n",
       "6    16    26\n",
       "7    21    16"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 78,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.loc[(df.var1 > 15), [\"var1\", \"var2\"]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Join*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>13</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>120</td>\n",
       "      <td>102</td>\n",
       "      <td>110</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>101</td>\n",
       "      <td>114</td>\n",
       "      <td>118</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>119</td>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>112</td>\n",
       "      <td>108</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "      <td>127</td>\n",
       "      <td>128</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0    21     3    11\n",
       "1     2    15    19\n",
       "2    20    10     8\n",
       "3    10    13     9\n",
       "4     8    28    29\n",
       "0   120   102   110\n",
       "1   101   114   118\n",
       "2   119   109   107\n",
       "3   109   112   108\n",
       "4   107   127   128"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 79,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "m = np.random.randint(1,30, size= (5,3))\n",
    "df1 = pd.DataFrame(m, columns= [\"var1\", \"var2\", \"var3\"])\n",
    "df2 = df1 + 99\n",
    "\n",
    "pd.concat([df1, df2]) "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>var3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>13</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>120</td>\n",
       "      <td>102</td>\n",
       "      <td>110</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>101</td>\n",
       "      <td>114</td>\n",
       "      <td>118</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>119</td>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>112</td>\n",
       "      <td>108</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "      <td>127</td>\n",
       "      <td>128</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  var3\n",
       "0    21     3    11\n",
       "1     2    15    19\n",
       "2    20    10     8\n",
       "3    10    13     9\n",
       "4     8    28    29\n",
       "5   120   102   110\n",
       "6   101   114   118\n",
       "7   119   109   107\n",
       "8   109   112   108\n",
       "9   107   127   128"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 80,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Çıktıda görüldüğü üzere index numaralarında hata var, bu sorunu ignore_index ile çözelim\n",
    "pd.concat([df1, df2], ignore_index=True) "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['var1', 'var2', 'var3'], dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df1.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "      <th>deg3</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>120</td>\n",
       "      <td>102</td>\n",
       "      <td>110</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>101</td>\n",
       "      <td>114</td>\n",
       "      <td>118</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>119</td>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>112</td>\n",
       "      <td>108</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "      <td>127</td>\n",
       "      <td>128</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2  deg3\n",
       "0   120   102   110\n",
       "1   101   114   118\n",
       "2   119   109   107\n",
       "3   109   112   108\n",
       "4   107   127   128"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 83,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df2.columns = [\"var1\", \"var2\", \"deg3\"]\n",
    "df2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 84,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>var1</th>\n",
       "      <th>var2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>13</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "      <td>28</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>120</td>\n",
       "      <td>102</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>101</td>\n",
       "      <td>114</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>119</td>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>109</td>\n",
       "      <td>112</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>107</td>\n",
       "      <td>127</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   var1  var2\n",
       "0    21     3\n",
       "1     2    15\n",
       "2    20    10\n",
       "3    10    13\n",
       "4     8    28\n",
       "0   120   102\n",
       "1   101   114\n",
       "2   119   109\n",
       "3   109   112\n",
       "4   107   127"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 84,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Kesişimleri elemanlardan oluşan değişkenlere göre birleştirelim\n",
    "pd.concat([df1, df2], join= \"inner\") "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Advanced Join Operations*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 88,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar         grup\n",
       "0        Ali     Muhasebe\n",
       "1       Veli  Muhendislik\n",
       "2       Ayse  Muhendislik\n",
       "3      Fatma           İK"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 88,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "df1 = pd.DataFrame({'calisanlar': ['Ali', 'Veli', 'Ayse', 'Fatma'],\n",
    "                    'grup': ['Muhasebe', 'Muhendislik', 'Muhendislik', 'İK']})\n",
    "df1 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 89,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>ilk_giris</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>2010</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>2014</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>2019</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar  ilk_giris\n",
       "0       Ayse       2010\n",
       "1        Ali       2009\n",
       "2       Veli       2014\n",
       "3      Fatma       2019"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 89,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df2 = pd.DataFrame({'calisanlar': ['Ayse', 'Ali', 'Veli', 'Fatma'],\n",
    "                    'ilk_giris': [2010, 2009, 2014, 2019]})\n",
    "df2 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### *Birebir birleştirme*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "      <th>ilk_giris</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>2014</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>2010</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>2019</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar         grup  ilk_giris\n",
       "0        Ali     Muhasebe       2009\n",
       "1       Veli  Muhendislik       2014\n",
       "2       Ayse  Muhendislik       2010\n",
       "3      Fatma           İK       2019"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 90,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# on: üzerinde, üstünde demek\n",
    "\n",
    "# bu ikisini calisanlar üzerinde birleştir diyoruz\n",
    "pd.merge(df1, df2, on= \"calisanlar\") "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### *Çoktan Teke*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "      <th>ilk_giris</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>2014</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>2010</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>2019</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar         grup  ilk_giris\n",
       "0        Ali     Muhasebe       2009\n",
       "1       Veli  Muhendislik       2014\n",
       "2       Ayse  Muhendislik       2010\n",
       "3      Fatma           İK       2019"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 93,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df3 = pd.merge(df1, df2)\n",
    "df3 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 94,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "      <th>mudur</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>Caner</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>Mustafa</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>Berkcan</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          grup    mudur\n",
       "0     Muhasebe    Caner\n",
       "1  Muhendislik  Mustafa\n",
       "2           İK  Berkcan"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 94,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df4 = pd.DataFrame({'grup': ['Muhasebe', 'Muhendislik', 'İK'],\n",
    "                    'mudur': ['Caner', 'Mustafa', 'Berkcan']})\n",
    "df4 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 95,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "      <th>ilk_giris</th>\n",
       "      <th>mudur</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Caner</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>2014</td>\n",
       "      <td>Mustafa</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>2010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Mustafa</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>2019</td>\n",
       "      <td>Berkcan</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar         grup  ilk_giris    mudur\n",
       "0        Ali     Muhasebe       2009    Caner\n",
       "1       Veli  Muhendislik       2014  Mustafa\n",
       "2       Ayse  Muhendislik       2010  Mustafa\n",
       "3      Fatma           İK       2019  Berkcan"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 95,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Çoktan teke\n",
    "pd.merge(df3, df4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### *Çoktan Çoka*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 96,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "      <th>yetenekler</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>matematik</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>excel</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>kodlama</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>linux</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>excel</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>yonetim</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          grup yetenekler\n",
       "0     Muhasebe  matematik\n",
       "1     Muhasebe      excel\n",
       "2  Muhendislik    kodlama\n",
       "3  Muhendislik      linux\n",
       "4           İK      excel\n",
       "5           İK    yonetim"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 96,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df5 = pd.DataFrame({'grup': ['Muhasebe', 'Muhasebe', \n",
    "                             'Muhendislik', 'Muhendislik', 'İK', 'İK'],\n",
    "                    'yetenekler': ['matematik', 'excel', 'kodlama', 'linux', \n",
    "                                   'excel', 'yonetim']})\n",
    "df5 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 97,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar         grup\n",
       "0        Ali     Muhasebe\n",
       "1       Veli  Muhendislik\n",
       "2       Ayse  Muhendislik\n",
       "3      Fatma           İK"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 97,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df1 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 98,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>calisanlar</th>\n",
       "      <th>grup</th>\n",
       "      <th>yetenekler</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>matematik</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ali</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhasebe</td>\n",
       "      <td>excel</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>kodlama</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Veli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>linux</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>kodlama</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ayse</td>\n",
       "      <td>Muhendislik</td>\n",
       "      <td>linux</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>excel</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>Fatma</td>\n",
       "      <td>İK</td>\n",
       "      <td>yonetim</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  calisanlar         grup yetenekler\n",
       "0        Ali     Muhasebe  matematik\n",
       "1        Ali     Muhasebe      excel\n",
       "2       Veli  Muhendislik    kodlama\n",
       "3       Veli  Muhendislik      linux\n",
       "4       Ayse  Muhendislik    kodlama\n",
       "5       Ayse  Muhendislik      linux\n",
       "6      Fatma           İK      excel\n",
       "7      Fatma           İK    yonetim"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 98,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Çoktan çoka\n",
    "pd.merge(df1, df5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Grouping & Aggregation*\n",
    "Basit toplulaştırma fonksiyonları:\n",
    "- count()\n",
    "- first()\n",
    "- last()\n",
    "- mean()\n",
    "- median()\n",
    "- min()\n",
    "- max()\n",
    "- std()\n",
    "- var()\n",
    "- sum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Aggregation*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>method</th>\n",
       "      <th>number</th>\n",
       "      <th>orbital_period</th>\n",
       "      <th>mass</th>\n",
       "      <th>distance</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Radial Velocity</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>269.300</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.10</td>\n",
       "      <td>77.40</td>\n",
       "      <td>2006</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Radial Velocity</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>874.774</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.21</td>\n",
       "      <td>56.95</td>\n",
       "      <td>2008</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Radial Velocity</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>763.000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.60</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.84</td>\n",
       "      <td>2011</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Radial Velocity</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>326.030</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.40</td>\n",
       "      <td>110.62</td>\n",
       "      <td>2007</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Radial Velocity</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>516.220</td>\n",
       "      <td>10.50</td>\n",
       "      <td>119.47</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "            method  number  orbital_period   mass  distance  year\n",
       "0  Radial Velocity       1         269.300   7.10     77.40  2006\n",
       "1  Radial Velocity       1         874.774   2.21     56.95  2008\n",
       "2  Radial Velocity       1         763.000   2.60     19.84  2011\n",
       "3  Radial Velocity       1         326.030  19.40    110.62  2007\n",
       "4  Radial Velocity       1         516.220  10.50    119.47  2009"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 99,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import seaborn as sns\n",
    "df = sns.load_dataset(\"planets\")\n",
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 104,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Mass Sütunundakilerin Ortalaması:  2.6381605847953216\n",
      "Mass Sütunundakilerin Sayısı:  513\n",
      "Mass Sütunundaki Değerlerin Toplamı:  1353.37638\n",
      "Mass Sütunundaki Ortanca Değer:  1.26\n",
      "Mass Sütunu Standart Sapması:  3.8186166509616046\n",
      "Mass Sütunu Varyansı:  14.58183312700122\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Mass Sütunundakilerin Ortalaması: \", df[\"mass\"].mean())\n",
    "print(\"Mass Sütunundakilerin Sayısı: \", df[\"mass\"].count())\n",
    "print(\"Mass Sütunundaki Değerlerin Toplamı: \", df[\"mass\"].sum())\n",
    "print(\"Mass Sütunundaki Ortanca Değer: \", df[\"mass\"].median())\n",
    "print(\"Mass Sütunu Standart Sapması: \", df[\"mass\"].std())\n",
    "print(\"Mass Sütunu Varyansı: \", df[\"mass\"].var())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 107,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "      <th>mean</th>\n",
       "      <th>std</th>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <th>25%</th>\n",
       "      <th>50%</th>\n",
       "      <th>75%</th>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>number</th>\n",
       "      <td>1035.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.785507</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.240976</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.000</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>orbital_period</th>\n",
       "      <td>992.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2002.917596</td>\n",
       "      <td>26014.728304</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.090706</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.44254</td>\n",
       "      <td>39.9795</td>\n",
       "      <td>526.005</td>\n",
       "      <td>730000.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>mass</th>\n",
       "      <td>513.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.638161</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.818617</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.003600</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.22900</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.2600</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.040</td>\n",
       "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>distance</th>\n",
       "      <td>808.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>264.069282</td>\n",
       "      <td>733.116493</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.350000</td>\n",
       "      <td>32.56000</td>\n",
       "      <td>55.2500</td>\n",
       "      <td>178.500</td>\n",
       "      <td>8500.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <td>1035.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009.070531</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.972567</td>\n",
       "      <td>1989.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2007.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2010.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2012.000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2014.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                 count         mean           std          min         25%  \\\n",
       "number          1035.0     1.785507      1.240976     1.000000     1.00000   \n",
       "orbital_period   992.0  2002.917596  26014.728304     0.090706     5.44254   \n",
       "mass             513.0     2.638161      3.818617     0.003600     0.22900   \n",
       "distance         808.0   264.069282    733.116493     1.350000    32.56000   \n",
       "year            1035.0  2009.070531      3.972567  1989.000000  2007.00000   \n",
       "\n",
       "                      50%       75%       max  \n",
       "number             1.0000     2.000       7.0  \n",
       "orbital_period    39.9795   526.005  730000.0  \n",
       "mass               1.2600     3.040      25.0  \n",
       "distance          55.2500   178.500    8500.0  \n",
       "year            2010.0000  2012.000    2014.0  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 107,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# describe(): Veri setindeki tüm istatistiki bilgiler\n",
    "# .T: Transpoz alma işlemi (satır ve sütunları yer değiştirme)\n",
    "df.describe().T"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "      <th>mean</th>\n",
       "      <th>std</th>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <th>25%</th>\n",
       "      <th>50%</th>\n",
       "      <th>75%</th>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>number</th>\n",
       "      <td>498.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.734940</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.175720</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>orbital_period</th>\n",
       "      <td>498.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>835.778671</td>\n",
       "      <td>1469.128259</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.3283</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.27225</td>\n",
       "      <td>357.000</td>\n",
       "      <td>999.6000</td>\n",
       "      <td>17337.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>mass</th>\n",
       "      <td>498.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.509320</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.636274</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.0036</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.21250</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.245</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.8675</td>\n",
       "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>distance</th>\n",
       "      <td>498.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>52.068213</td>\n",
       "      <td>46.596041</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.3500</td>\n",
       "      <td>24.49750</td>\n",
       "      <td>39.940</td>\n",
       "      <td>59.3325</td>\n",
       "      <td>354.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <td>498.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>2007.377510</td>\n",
       "      <td>4.167284</td>\n",
       "      <td>1989.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2005.00000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2009.000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2011.0000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2014.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                count         mean          std        min         25%  \\\n",
       "number          498.0     1.734940     1.175720     1.0000     1.00000   \n",
       "orbital_period  498.0   835.778671  1469.128259     1.3283    38.27225   \n",
       "mass            498.0     2.509320     3.636274     0.0036     0.21250   \n",
       "distance        498.0    52.068213    46.596041     1.3500    24.49750   \n",
       "year            498.0  2007.377510     4.167284  1989.0000  2005.00000   \n",
       "\n",
       "                     50%        75%      max  \n",
       "number             1.000     2.0000      6.0  \n",
       "orbital_period   357.000   999.6000  17337.5  \n",
       "mass               1.245     2.8675     25.0  \n",
       "distance          39.940    59.3325    354.0  \n",
       "year            2009.000  2011.0000   2014.0  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 108,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# dropna(): veri setindeki eksik değerleri kaldırır, siler\n",
    "df.dropna().describe().T"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Grouping*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 109,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th>veri</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>A</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>B</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>52</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>A</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>B</td>\n",
       "      <td>43</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>55</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  gruplar  veri\n",
       "0       A    10\n",
       "1       B    11\n",
       "2       C    52\n",
       "3       A    23\n",
       "4       B    43\n",
       "5       C    55"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 109,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame({'gruplar': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C'],\n",
    "                   'veri': [10,11,52,23,43,55]}, columns=['gruplar', 'veri'])\n",
    "df "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 110,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>veri</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>16.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>53.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "         veri\n",
       "gruplar      \n",
       "A        16.5\n",
       "B        27.0\n",
       "C        53.5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 110,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby(\"gruplar\").mean()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "method\n",
       "Astrometry                          631.180000\n",
       "Eclipse Timing Variations          4751.644444\n",
       "Imaging                          118247.737500\n",
       "Microlensing                       3153.571429\n",
       "Orbital Brightness Modulation         0.709307\n",
       "Pulsar Timing                      7343.021201\n",
       "Pulsation Timing Variations        1170.000000\n",
       "Radial Velocity                     823.354680\n",
       "Transit                              21.102073\n",
       "Transit Timing Variations            79.783500\n",
       "Name: orbital_period, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 112,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import seaborn as sns\n",
    "df = sns.load_dataset(\"planets\")\n",
    "\n",
    "# \"method\" sütununa göre grupla ve onlara karşılık gelen \"orbital_period\" değerlerinin ortalamasını al\n",
    "df.groupby(\"method\")[\"orbital_period\"].mean()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Advanced Aggregate Operations*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 113,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>A</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>100</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>B</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>253</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>333</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>A</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>262</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>B</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>111</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>99</td>\n",
       "      <td>969</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  gruplar  degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "0       A         10        100\n",
       "1       B         23        253\n",
       "2       C         33        333\n",
       "3       A         22        262\n",
       "4       B         11        111\n",
       "5       C         99        969"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 113,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame({'gruplar': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C'],\n",
    "                   'degisken1': [10,23,33,22,11,99],\n",
    "                   'degisken2': [100,253,333,262,111,969]},\n",
    "                   columns= ['gruplar', 'degisken1', 'degisken2'])\n",
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 115,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead tr th {\n",
       "        text-align: left;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead tr:last-of-type th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th colspan=\"3\" halign=\"left\">degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th colspan=\"3\" halign=\"left\">degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <th>median</th>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <th>median</th>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>100</td>\n",
       "      <td>181</td>\n",
       "      <td>262</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>111</td>\n",
       "      <td>182</td>\n",
       "      <td>253</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>66</td>\n",
       "      <td>99</td>\n",
       "      <td>333</td>\n",
       "      <td>651</td>\n",
       "      <td>969</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "        degisken1            degisken2            \n",
       "              min median max       min median  max\n",
       "gruplar                                           \n",
       "A              10     16  22       100    181  262\n",
       "B              11     17  23       111    182  253\n",
       "C              33     66  99       333    651  969"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 115,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# aggregate(): Bunun sayesinde grupladığımız değişken üzerinde birden fazla \n",
    "# toplulaştırma işlemi, birden fazla fonksiyon kullanımı yapabiliyoruz\n",
    "df.groupby(\"gruplar\").aggregate([\"min\", np.median, \"max\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 117,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>262</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>253</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>969</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "         degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "gruplar                      \n",
       "A               10        262\n",
       "B               11        253\n",
       "C               33        969"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 117,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby(\"gruplar\").aggregate({\"degisken1\": \"min\", \"degisken2\": \"max\"})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 119,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>333</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>99</td>\n",
       "      <td>969</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  gruplar  degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "2       C         33        333\n",
       "5       C         99        969"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 119,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def filter_func(x):\n",
    "    return x[\"degisken1\"].std() > 9\n",
    "\n",
    "# filter(): Kendi oluşturacağımız fonksiyona göre özel filtreleme yapmaya yarıyor\n",
    "df.groupby(\"gruplar\").filter(filter_func)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>100</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>253</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>333</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>262</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>111</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>99</td>\n",
       "      <td>969</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "0         10        100\n",
       "1         23        253\n",
       "2         33        333\n",
       "3         22        262\n",
       "4         11        111\n",
       "5         99        969"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 125,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df_a = df.iloc[:,1:3]\n",
    "df_a "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.687871</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.738461</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.299074</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.263736</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.015514</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.328982</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.235811</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.657963</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.704331</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>1.973890</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.957853</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "0  -0.687871  -0.738461\n",
       "1  -0.299074  -0.263736\n",
       "2   0.000000  -0.015514\n",
       "3  -0.328982  -0.235811\n",
       "4  -0.657963  -0.704331\n",
       "5   1.973890   1.957853"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 127,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# transform(): Transform fonksiyonunu belirlediğimiz bir dönüştürme fonksiyonu olarak değişkenlerin üzerinde kullanabiliriz.\n",
    "df_a.transform(lambda x: (x - x.mean()) / x.std())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 134,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>100</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>253</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>33</td>\n",
       "      <td>333</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>262</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>111</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>99</td>\n",
       "      <td>969</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "0         10        100\n",
       "1         23        253\n",
       "2         33        333\n",
       "3         22        262\n",
       "4         11        111\n",
       "5         99        969"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 134,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame({'degisken1': [10,23,33,22,11,99],\n",
    "                   'degisken2': [100,253,333,262,111,969]},\n",
    "                   columns= ['degisken1', 'degisken2'])\n",
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 135,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "degisken1     198\n",
      "degisken2    2028\n",
      "dtype: int64\n",
      "\n",
      "degisken1     33.0\n",
      "degisken2    338.0\n",
      "dtype: float64\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# apply(): Tıpkı transform, filter fonksiyonları gibi dataframe'in değişkenlerinin üzerinde gezinme \n",
    "# yeteneği olan ve aggregation yani toplulaştırma amacıyla kullanılabilecek olan bir fonksiyondur.\n",
    "\n",
    "# apply(): içerisine yazacağın işlemi, fonksiyonu vs. \"UYGULA\" demektir bir nevi.\n",
    "print(df.apply(np.sum), end=\"\\n\\n\")\n",
    "print(df.apply(np.mean))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 138,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken1</th>\n",
       "      <th>degisken2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>gruplar</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>181.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>17.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>182.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>66.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>651.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "         degisken1  degisken2\n",
       "gruplar                      \n",
       "A             16.0      181.0\n",
       "B             17.0      182.0\n",
       "C             66.0      651.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 138,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame({'gruplar': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C'],\n",
    "                   'degisken1': [10,23,33,22,11,99],\n",
    "                   'degisken2': [100,253,333,262,111,969]},\n",
    "                   columns= ['gruplar', 'degisken1', 'degisken2'])\n",
    "\n",
    "df.groupby(\"gruplar\").apply(np.mean)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Pivot Tables*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 139,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>survived</th>\n",
       "      <th>pclass</th>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "      <th>sibsp</th>\n",
       "      <th>parch</th>\n",
       "      <th>fare</th>\n",
       "      <th>embarked</th>\n",
       "      <th>class</th>\n",
       "      <th>who</th>\n",
       "      <th>adult_male</th>\n",
       "      <th>deck</th>\n",
       "      <th>embark_town</th>\n",
       "      <th>alive</th>\n",
       "      <th>alone</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.2500</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "      <td>Third</td>\n",
       "      <td>man</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
       "      <td>no</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>71.2833</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>First</td>\n",
       "      <td>woman</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cherbourg</td>\n",
       "      <td>yes</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.9250</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "      <td>Third</td>\n",
       "      <td>woman</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
       "      <td>yes</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>female</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>53.1000</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "      <td>First</td>\n",
       "      <td>woman</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
       "      <td>yes</td>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>male</td>\n",
       "      <td>35.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0500</td>\n",
       "      <td>S</td>\n",
       "      <td>Third</td>\n",
       "      <td>man</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
       "      <td>no</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   survived  pclass     sex   age  sibsp  parch     fare embarked  class  \\\n",
       "0         0       3    male  22.0      1      0   7.2500        S  Third   \n",
       "1         1       1  female  38.0      1      0  71.2833        C  First   \n",
       "2         1       3  female  26.0      0      0   7.9250        S  Third   \n",
       "3         1       1  female  35.0      1      0  53.1000        S  First   \n",
       "4         0       3    male  35.0      0      0   8.0500        S  Third   \n",
       "\n",
       "     who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone  \n",
       "0    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False  \n",
       "1  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False  \n",
       "2  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True  \n",
       "3  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False  \n",
       "4    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 139,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import seaborn as sns\n",
    "titanic = sns.load_dataset('titanic')\n",
    "titanic.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 140,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>survived</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>female</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.742038</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>male</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188908</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "        survived\n",
       "sex             \n",
       "female  0.742038\n",
       "male    0.188908"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 140,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Basit bir pivot işlemi yapalım\n",
    "titanic.groupby(\"sex\")[[\"survived\"]].mean()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>survived</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>class</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">female</th>\n",
       "      <th>First</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.968085</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Second</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.921053</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Third</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.500000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">male</th>\n",
       "      <th>First</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.368852</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Second</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.157407</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Third</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.135447</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "               survived\n",
       "sex    class           \n",
       "female First   0.968085\n",
       "       Second  0.921053\n",
       "       Third   0.500000\n",
       "male   First   0.368852\n",
       "       Second  0.157407\n",
       "       Third   0.135447"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 143,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic.groupby([\"sex\", \"class\"])[[\"survived\"]].aggregate(\"mean\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead tr th {\n",
       "        text-align: left;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead tr:last-of-type th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th colspan=\"3\" halign=\"left\">survived</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>class</th>\n",
       "      <th>First</th>\n",
       "      <th>Second</th>\n",
       "      <th>Third</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>female</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.968085</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.921053</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.500000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>male</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.368852</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.157407</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.135447</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "        survived                    \n",
       "class      First    Second     Third\n",
       "sex                                 \n",
       "female  0.968085  0.921053  0.500000\n",
       "male    0.368852  0.157407  0.135447"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 144,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# unstack(): Tablonun daha okunabilir bir hale gelmesini sağlar\n",
    "titanic.groupby([\"sex\", \"class\"])[[\"survived\"]].aggregate(\"mean\").unstack()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### pivot_table(kesişim değeri, satır, sütun)\n",
    "pivot_table(): Kendisine girilen hücrelerin kesişiminde yer alacak değişkenin (ilk girilen değişkenden bahsediyoruz) ön tanım olarak ortalamasını alır. Ortalamasını değil de başka bir işlem yapsın istiyorsak pivot_table içinde aggfunc= parametresini kullanırız. Örneğin aggfunc=\"std\" diyerek pivot table'ın kesişimde yer alan değerlerin standart sapmasını almasını sağlarız."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th>class</th>\n",
       "      <th>First</th>\n",
       "      <th>Second</th>\n",
       "      <th>Third</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>female</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.968085</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.921053</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.500000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>male</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.368852</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.157407</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.135447</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "class      First    Second     Third\n",
       "sex                                 \n",
       "female  0.968085  0.921053  0.500000\n",
       "male    0.368852  0.157407  0.135447"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 145,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# pivot ile table\n",
    "titanic.pivot_table(\"survived\", index= \"sex\", columns= \"class\") # ortalamalarını yerleştirdi kesişim değerlerine"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th>class</th>\n",
       "      <th>First</th>\n",
       "      <th>Second</th>\n",
       "      <th>Third</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>female</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.176716</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.271448</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.501745</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>male</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.484484</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.365882</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.342694</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "class      First    Second     Third\n",
       "sex                                 \n",
       "female  0.176716  0.271448  0.501745\n",
       "male    0.484484  0.365882  0.342694"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 146,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic.pivot_table(\"survived\", index= \"sex\", columns= \"class\", aggfunc=\"std\") # standart sapmalarını yerleştirdi kesişim değerlerine"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *cut() & qcut()*\n",
    "_**Dikkat!** cut ve qcut fonksiyonları, elinizdeki sayısal değişkenleri kategorik değişkene çevirmek için en yaygın kullanılan iki ayrı fonksiyondur._\n",
    "- _cut(): Genelde eğer sayısal değişkeni hangi kategorilere bölmek istediğinizi biliyorsanız, belirtmek isterseniz bunu kullanırsınız._\n",
    "- _qcut(): Eğer elinizdeki sayısal değişkeni tanımıyor, dolayısıyla çeyreklik değerine göre bölünsün istiyorsanız bu durumda qcut kullanılır._\n",
    "\n",
    "> _cut(neyi böleceğim, nereden böleceğim)_"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    (18.0, 90.0]\n",
       "1    (18.0, 90.0]\n",
       "2    (18.0, 90.0]\n",
       "3    (18.0, 90.0]\n",
       "4    (18.0, 90.0]\n",
       "5             NaN\n",
       "6    (18.0, 90.0]\n",
       "Name: age, dtype: category\n",
       "Categories (2, interval[int64]): [(0, 18] < (18, 90]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 147,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# age değişkenini 0-18, 18-90 aralıklarına bölelim\n",
    "age = pd.cut(titanic[\"age\"], [0, 18, 90])\n",
    "age.head(7)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>class</th>\n",
       "      <th>First</th>\n",
       "      <th>Second</th>\n",
       "      <th>Third</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>sex</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\">female</th>\n",
       "      <th>(0, 18]</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.909091</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.511628</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>(18, 90]</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.972973</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.900000</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.423729</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\">male</th>\n",
       "      <th>(0, 18]</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.800000</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.600000</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.215686</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>(18, 90]</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.375000</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.071429</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.133663</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "class               First    Second     Third\n",
       "sex    age                                   \n",
       "female (0, 18]   0.909091  1.000000  0.511628\n",
       "       (18, 90]  0.972973  0.900000  0.423729\n",
       "male   (0, 18]   0.800000  0.600000  0.215686\n",
       "       (18, 90]  0.375000  0.071429  0.133663"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 148,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "titanic.pivot_table(\"survived\", [\"sex\", age], \"class\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Reading External Data*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 150,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>a</th>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
       "      <td>324</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>88</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>346</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>10</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>11</th>\n",
       "      <td>456</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>12</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>88.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "      a    b     c\n",
       "0    78   12   1.0\n",
       "1    78   12   2.0\n",
       "2    78  324   3.0\n",
       "3     7    2   4.0\n",
       "4    88   23   5.0\n",
       "5     6    2   NaN\n",
       "6    56   11   6.0\n",
       "7     7   12   7.0\n",
       "8    56   21   7.0\n",
       "9   346    2   8.0\n",
       "10    5    1   8.0\n",
       "11  456   21   8.0\n",
       "12    3   12  88.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 150,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "# csv okuma\n",
    "pd.read_csv(\"veri_manipulation_datasets/ornekcsv.csv\", sep= \";\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 151,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>1 2</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>2 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>3 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>4 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>5 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>6 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>7 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>8 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>9 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>10 2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "    1 2\n",
       "0   2 2\n",
       "1   3 2\n",
       "2   4 2\n",
       "3   5 2\n",
       "4   6 2\n",
       "5  7 2 \n",
       "6   8 2\n",
       "7   9 2\n",
       "8  10 2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 151,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# txt okuma\n",
    "pd.read_csv(\"veri_manipulation_datasets/duz_metin.txt\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 154,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>a</th>\n",
       "      <th>b</th>\n",
       "      <th>c</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
       "      <td>324</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>88</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>346</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>10</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>11</th>\n",
       "      <td>456</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>12</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>88.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "      a    b     c\n",
       "0    78   12   1.0\n",
       "1    78   12   2.0\n",
       "2    78  324   3.0\n",
       "3     7    2   4.0\n",
       "4    88   23   5.0\n",
       "5     6    2   NaN\n",
       "6    56   11   6.0\n",
       "7     7   12   7.0\n",
       "8    56   21   7.0\n",
       "9   346    2   8.0\n",
       "10    5    1   8.0\n",
       "11  456   21   8.0\n",
       "12    3   12  88.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 154,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.read_excel(\"veri_manipulation_datasets/ornekx.xlsx\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 155,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
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       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>78</td>\n",
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       "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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       "      <th>2</th>\n",
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       "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>88</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>6</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>346</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>10</th>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>11</th>\n",
       "      <td>456</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>8.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>12</th>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>88.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "      A    B     C\n",
       "0    78   12   1.0\n",
       "1    78   12   2.0\n",
       "2    78  324   3.0\n",
       "3     7    2   4.0\n",
       "4    88   23   5.0\n",
       "5     6    2   NaN\n",
       "6    56   11   6.0\n",
       "7     7   12   7.0\n",
       "8    56   21   7.0\n",
       "9   346    2   8.0\n",
       "10    5    1   8.0\n",
       "11  456   21   8.0\n",
       "12    3   12  88.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 155,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_excel(\"veri_manipulation_datasets/ornekx.xlsx\")\n",
    "df.columns = (\"A\", \"B\", \"C\")\n",
    "df "
   ]
  }
 ],
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  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3.9.12 ('base')",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
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  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
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   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
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   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.9.12"
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  "orig_nbformat": 4,
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   "interpreter": {
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