Explain Shell Commands
$ cd
# Changes directory to /home/pi
$ cd dirname # Change directory to dirname
$ cd .. # Move up to parent directory
$ cp file1 file2 # Copy file1 and call it file2
$ history # Print history list
$ history -c # Clear history list (-c means clear)
$ ls # List files and folders
$ mkdir dirname # Make directory dirname
$ mv filename new_filename # Rename file
$ nano filename # Edit file with GNU nano
$ rm filename # Remove file
$ rm -rf dirname # Remove directory and its content (nonempty).
# -f forces deletion without confirmation, -r deletes directory recurisvely including its contents (subdirectories + files)
$ rmdir dirname # Remove empty directory
$ scrot # Take screenshot
$ sudo apt install _ # Install software _
$ sudo apt update # Update package list index
$ sudo apt full-upgrade # Upgrade software packages
$ sudo apt autoremove # Remove software packages
$ sudo nano filename # Edit file in root directory with GNU nano
$ sudo pip install _ # Install Python package _
$ sudo reboot # Reboot Raspberry Pi
$ sudo shutdown -h now # Shutdown Raspberry Pi
$ arp -a # Show IP addresses of devices
$ cat filename # Show file contents
$ df -Th # Show disk space usage via time/date in human readable form
$ sudo dmesg # Display kernel ring buffer messages
$ env # List environment variables (PATH)
$ find filename # Find file in current directory
$ hostname -I # Show IP address of Raspberry Pi
$ ifconfig # Show (network) interfce configuration
$ ip addr show wlan0 # Show IP address on Wi-Fi
$ iwconfig # Show wireless configuration
$ lsusb # List USB devices
$ man program_name # Show program_name's manual pages
$ more filename # Show file one page at time
$ netstat -lntp # Show network statistics (-l listening sockets, -n numerical address, -p PID)
$ ps # Show running processes
$ pwd # Print working directory
$ sudo raspi-config # Configure Raspberry Pi
$ tar -zxvf file.tar.gz # Extract files
$ uname -a # Information about current kernel
$ vncpasswd # Change VNC server password
$ vncserver :1 # Run VNC server on display 1
$ wget http://example.com/file.tar.gz # Download file from link