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Table of contents

Surveys

  1. Statistical channel model survey
  2. Modulation and coding (FEC) survey

Tutorials (Python)

  1. Sat-to-Ground (and vice versa) link budget calculation
  2. Intersatellite Link budget calculation (wireless optical)

List of CubeSat transceivers

The presented below table is additional matherial to the following paper:

Gaysin, A., Fadeev, V. and Hennhöfer, M., 2017, July. Survey of modulation and coding schemes for application in CubeSat systems. In 2017 Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications (SINKHROINFO) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.

Table 1. Modulation and FEC of real cubesat S-band, X-band and Ka-band transceivers

Title Modulation FEC
ISIS TXS High Data Rate S-Band Transmitter BPSK, OQPSK (Pulse shaping: Square Root Raised Cosine, Roll-off 0.5, 0.35) Concatenated coding: Reed-Solomon and Convolutional coding: RS (255, 223) and CC (constrain length = 7, code rate = 1/2)
NanoCom SR2000 Filtered QPSK (Square root raised cosine filter, 𝛼 = 0.2) Convolutional code (7, 1/2) + Reed-Solomon code (255, 223), interleaving depth 𝐿 = 8
SWIFT Radios B/Q/OQ/8-PSK, 16-APSK, PM/CPM, SGLS-Ternary Reed-Solomon + convolutional codes, BCH, LDPC
Full-duplex Low-power S-band Transceiver (Nano Avionics) GMSK (BT=0.35) Configurable Reed-Solomon and convolutional coding forward error correction
Innoflight SCR-100 (S-Band) Tx: BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK; Rx: FSK/GMSK, FM/PCM Conv. and R/S
Iris V2.1 CubeSat Deep Space Transponder PM/PSK/NRZ Convolutional (7, 1/2); Manchester, Bi-Phase, and bypass (NRZ); Reed Solomon (255,223); Turbo (1/2, 1/3, 1/6) block size 8920 bits
CDMA communication system performance for a constellation of CubeSats around the Moon (IEEE paper) filtered OQPSK with phase modulation (a CCSDS standard) (OQPSK/PM) LDPC r=0.5
Quasonix nanoTX PCM/FM (legacy), SOQPSK-TG, Multi-h CPM LDPC
CXS-1000 (S-Band) Tx: LPM (linear-period modulation) 1.024 MHz s/c, ranging, BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, UQPSK, user defined; Rx: BPSK, SGLS, USB/STDN, ranging, TDRSS -
S Band Transceiver for Small Satellites ( IQ wireless GmbH) Uplink: BPSK; Downlink: QPSK -
CUBESAT S-BAND TRANSMITTER (EnduroSat) {Q,8,16A,32A}PSK LDPC Concatenated with BCH
CUBESAT X-BAND TRANSMITTER (EnduroSat) {Q,8,16A,32A}PSK LDPC Concatenated with BCH
Syrlinks EWC27 X-band Transmitter {Q,8,16A,32A}PSK LDPC Concatenated with BCH
Canopus Systems, Ames Ka-band Tx, Tethers Unlimited {Q,8,16A,32A}PSK LDPC Concatenated with BCH

We can make the following summary analyzing the considered matherials:

  1. The most popular class of the modulation schemes are M-PSK (BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK).

  2. One of the popular options of FEC is RSC (Reed-Solomon convolutional) concatenated codes. This relates to the deep-space communication standartd.

  3. DVB-S2/S2X standard ({Q,8,16A,32A}PSK and LDPC + BCH codes) is also popular solution.

  4. Some vendors provide also "legacy" types such as PCM/FM, FSK and GMSK.

Why is BPSK one of the popular solutions?

Although QPSK has two twice as larger throughput (2 bits per symbol) and the same BER (Bit-error ratio) performance in AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) channel, but, practically, BPSK is more robust due to its simplicity.