feat: sshiftRight bitblasting (#4889)

We follow the same strategy as
#4872,
#4571, and implement bitblasting
theorems for `sshiftRight`.

---------

Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>

Author: bollu

src/Init/Data/BitVec/Basic.lean

@@ -536,6 +536,15 @@ def sshiftRight (a : BitVec n) (s : Nat) : BitVec n := .ofInt n (a.toInt >>> s)
 instance {n} : HShiftLeft  (BitVec m) (BitVec n) (BitVec m) := ⟨fun x y => x <<< y.toNat⟩
 instance {n} : HShiftRight (BitVec m) (BitVec n) (BitVec m) := ⟨fun x y => x >>> y.toNat⟩
 
+/--
+Arithmetic right shift for bit vectors. The high bits are filled with the
+most-significant bit.
+As a numeric operation, this is equivalent to `a.toInt >>> s.toNat`.
+
+SMT-Lib name: `bvashr`.
+-/
+def sshiftRight' (a : BitVec n) (s : BitVec m) : BitVec n := a.sshiftRight s.toNat
+
 /-- Auxiliary function for `rotateLeft`, which does not take into account the case where
 the rotation amount is greater than the bitvector width. -/
 def rotateLeftAux (x : BitVec w) (n : Nat) : BitVec w :=

src/Init/Data/BitVec/Bitblast.lean

@@ -429,6 +429,67 @@ theorem shiftLeft_eq_shiftLeftRec (x : BitVec w₁) (y : BitVec w₂) :
   · simp [of_length_zero]
   · simp [shiftLeftRec_eq]
 
+/- ### Arithmetic shift right (sshiftRight) recurrence -/
+
+/--
+`sshiftRightRec x y n` shifts `x` arithmetically/signed to the right by the first `n` bits of `y`.
+The theorem `sshiftRight_eq_sshiftRightRec` proves the equivalence of `(x.sshiftRight y)` and `sshiftRightRec`.
+Together with equations `sshiftRightRec_zero`, `sshiftRightRec_succ`,
+this allows us to unfold `sshiftRight` into a circuit for bitblasting.
+-/
+def sshiftRightRec (x : BitVec w₁) (y : BitVec w₂) (n : Nat) : BitVec w₁ :=
+  let shiftAmt := (y &&& (twoPow w₂ n))
+  match n with
+  | 0 => x.sshiftRight' shiftAmt
+  | n + 1 => (sshiftRightRec x y n).sshiftRight' shiftAmt
+
+@[simp]
+theorem sshiftRightRec_zero_eq (x : BitVec w₁) (y : BitVec w₂) :
+    sshiftRightRec x y 0 = x.sshiftRight' (y &&& 1#w₂) := by
+  simp only [sshiftRightRec, twoPow_zero]
+
+@[simp]
+theorem sshiftRightRec_succ_eq (x : BitVec w₁) (y : BitVec w₂) (n : Nat) :
+    sshiftRightRec x y (n + 1) = (sshiftRightRec x y n).sshiftRight' (y &&& twoPow w₂ (n + 1)) := by
+  simp [sshiftRightRec]
+
+/--
+If `y &&& z = 0`, `x.sshiftRight (y ||| z) = (x.sshiftRight y).sshiftRight z`.
+This follows as `y &&& z = 0` implies `y ||| z = y + z`,
+and thus `x.sshiftRight (y ||| z) = x.sshiftRight (y + z) = (x.sshiftRight y).sshiftRight z`.
+-/
+theorem sshiftRight'_or_of_and_eq_zero {x : BitVec w₁} {y z : BitVec w₂}
+    (h : y &&& z = 0#w₂) :
+    x.sshiftRight' (y ||| z) = (x.sshiftRight' y).sshiftRight' z := by
+  simp [sshiftRight', ← add_eq_or_of_and_eq_zero _ _ h,
+    toNat_add_of_and_eq_zero h, sshiftRight_add]
+
+theorem sshiftRightRec_eq (x : BitVec w₁) (y : BitVec w₂) (n : Nat) :
+    sshiftRightRec x y n = x.sshiftRight' ((y.truncate (n + 1)).zeroExtend w₂) := by
+  induction n generalizing x y
+  case zero =>
+    ext i
+    simp [twoPow_zero, Nat.reduceAdd, and_one_eq_zeroExtend_ofBool_getLsb, truncate_one]
+  case succ n ih =>
+    simp only [sshiftRightRec_succ_eq, and_twoPow, ih]
+    by_cases h : y.getLsb (n + 1)
+    · rw [zeroExtend_truncate_succ_eq_zeroExtend_truncate_or_twoPow_of_getLsb_true h,
+        sshiftRight'_or_of_and_eq_zero (by simp), h]
+      simp
+    · rw [zeroExtend_truncate_succ_eq_zeroExtend_truncate_of_getLsb_false (i := n + 1)
+        (by simp [h])]
+      simp [h]
+
+/--
+Show that `x.sshiftRight y` can be written in terms of `sshiftRightRec`.
+This can be unfolded in terms of `sshiftRightRec_zero_eq`, `sshiftRightRec_succ_eq` for bitblasting.
+-/
+theorem sshiftRight_eq_sshiftRightRec (x : BitVec w₁) (y : BitVec w₂) :
+    (x.sshiftRight' y).getLsb i = (sshiftRightRec x y (w₂ - 1)).getLsb i := by
+  rcases w₂ with rfl | w₂
+  · simp [of_length_zero]
+  · simp [sshiftRightRec_eq]
+
 /- ### Logical shift right (ushiftRight) recurrence for bitblasting -/
 
 /--

src/Init/Data/BitVec/Lemmas.lean

@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ theorem sshiftRight_eq_of_msb_true {x : BitVec w} {s : Nat} (h : x.msb = true) :
     · rw [Nat.shiftRight_eq_div_pow]
       apply Nat.lt_of_le_of_lt (Nat.div_le_self _ _) (by omega)
 
-theorem getLsb_sshiftRight (x : BitVec w) (s i : Nat) :
+@[simp] theorem getLsb_sshiftRight (x : BitVec w) (s i : Nat) :
     getLsb (x.sshiftRight s) i =
       (!decide (w ≤ i) && if s + i < w then x.getLsb (s + i) else x.msb) := by
   rcases hmsb : x.msb with rfl | rfl
@@ -807,6 +807,41 @@ theorem getLsb_sshiftRight (x : BitVec w) (s i : Nat) :
         Nat.not_lt, decide_eq_true_eq]
       omega
 
+/-- The msb after arithmetic shifting right equals the original msb. -/
+theorem sshiftRight_msb_eq_msb {n : Nat} {x : BitVec w} :
+    (x.sshiftRight n).msb = x.msb := by
+  rw [msb_eq_getLsb_last, getLsb_sshiftRight, msb_eq_getLsb_last]
+  by_cases hw₀ : w = 0
+  · simp [hw₀]
+  · simp only [show ¬(w ≤ w - 1) by omega, decide_False, Bool.not_false, Bool.true_and,
+      ite_eq_right_iff]
+    intros h
+    simp [show n = 0 by omega]
+
+@[simp] theorem sshiftRight_zero {x : BitVec w} : x.sshiftRight 0 = x := by
+  ext i
+  simp
+
+theorem sshiftRight_add {x : BitVec w} {m n : Nat} :
+    x.sshiftRight (m + n) = (x.sshiftRight m).sshiftRight n := by
+  ext i
+  simp only [getLsb_sshiftRight, Nat.add_assoc]
+  by_cases h₁ : w ≤ (i : Nat)
+  · simp [h₁]
+  · simp only [h₁, decide_False, Bool.not_false, Bool.true_and]
+    by_cases h₂ : n + ↑i < w
+    · simp [h₂]
+    · simp only [h₂, ↓reduceIte]
+      by_cases h₃ : m + (n + ↑i) < w
+      · simp [h₃]
+        omega
+      · simp [h₃, sshiftRight_msb_eq_msb]
+
+/-! ### sshiftRight reductions from BitVec to Nat -/
+
+@[simp]
+theorem sshiftRight_eq' (x : BitVec w) : x.sshiftRight' y = x.sshiftRight y.toNat := rfl
+
 /-! ### signExtend -/
 
 /-- Equation theorem for `Int.sub` when both arguments are `Int.ofNat` -/