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Author: liangshao07

.DS_Store

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+/*
+  LED Blinking
+
+  This code demonstrates how to make an LED blink on and off at a 1-second interval using the digitalWrite() and delay() functions.
+
+  The circuit:
+  - LED attached from pin 11 to ground
+
+  Diagram:
+
+      Arduino         LED
+     ---------       -----
+    |         |     |     |
+    |     13  |-----|>|---+---- GND
+    |         |     (Anode) (Cathode)
+    |         |  
+    |         |
+  
+  The LED's anode (longer leg) connects to pin 11, and the cathode (shorter leg) connects to ground (GND).
+
+  created 2024
+  by Liang
+*/
+
+void setup() {
+  // Set pin 11 as an output pin, which will control the LED
+  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Turn the LED on by setting pin 11 to HIGH
+  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
+
+  // Wait for 1 second (1000 milliseconds) while the LED is on
+  delay(1000);
+
+  // Turn the LED off by setting pin 11 to LOW
+  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
+
+  // Wait for 1 second (1000 milliseconds) while the LED is off
+  delay(1000);
+}

code/.DS_Store

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+/*
+  ESP32 LED Blinking
+
+  This code demonstrates how to make an LED blink on and off at a 1-second interval using the digitalWrite() and delay() functions.
+
+  The circuit:
+  - LED attached from GPIO 13 to ground
+
+  Diagram:
+
+      ESP32         LED
+     ---------     -----
+    |         |   |     |
+    |   GPIO13|---|>|---+---- GND
+    |         |   (Anode) (Cathode)
+    |         |  
+    |         |
+  
+  The LED's anode (longer leg) connects to GPIO 13, and the cathode (shorter leg) connects to ground (GND).
+
+  created 2024
+  by Liang
+*/
+
+void setup() {
+  // Set GPIO 13 as an output pin, which will control the LED
+  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Turn the LED on by setting GPIO 13 to HIGH
+  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
+
+  // Wait for 1 second (1000 milliseconds) while the LED is on
+  delay(1000);
+
+  // Turn the LED off by setting GPIO 13 to LOW
+  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
+
+  // Wait for 1 second (1000 milliseconds) while the LED is off
+  delay(1000);
+}

code/01-LED Blinking/Arduino API/Arduino UNO R3/led.ino

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+/*
+  STM32F103C8T6 (Blue Pill) LED Blinking
+
+  This code demonstrates how to make an LED blink on and off at a 1-second interval using the digitalWrite() and delay() functions.
+
+  The circuit:
+  - LED attached from PB0 to ground
+
+  Diagram:
+
+      STM32         LED
+     ---------     -----
+    |         |   |     |
+    |    PB0  |---|>|---+---- GND
+    |         |   (Anode) (Cathode)
+    |         |  
+    |         |
+  
+  The LED's anode (longer leg) connects to PB0, and the cathode (shorter leg) connects to ground (GND).
+
+  created 2024
+  by Liang
+*/
+
+void setup() {
+  // Set PB0 as an output pin, which will control the LED
+  pinMode(PB0, OUTPUT);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Turn the LED on by setting PB0 to HIGH
+  digitalWrite(PB0, HIGH);
+
+  // Wait for 1 second (1000 milliseconds) while the LED is on
+  delay(1000);
+
+  // Turn the LED off by setting PB0 to LOW
+  digitalWrite(PB0, LOW);
+
+  // Wait for 1 second (1000 milliseconds) while the LED is off
+  delay(1000);
+}

code/01-LED Blinking/Arduino API/ESP32-DevKitC/led.ino

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+"""
+LED Blinking
+
+此代码演示了如何使用 `machine.Pin` 类和 `time.sleep()` 函数使连接到 GPIO2 引脚的 LED 每隔 1 秒闪烁一次。
+
+电路连接：
+- LED 连接到 GPIO2 和地线（GND）
+
+电路图：
+    ESP32          LED
+   ---------      -----
+  |         |    |     |
+  |    2    |----|>|---+---- GND
+  |         |    (Anode) (Cathode)
+  |         |  
+  |         |
+
+LED 的阳极（较长的脚）连接到 GPIO2 引脚，阴极（较短的脚）连接到地线（GND）。
+
+创建于 2024
+作者：Liang
+"""
+
+from machine import Pin
+import time
+
+# 初始化 LED 引脚为输出模式
+led = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
+
+def blink():
+    """
+    无限循环，使 LED 以 1 秒间隔闪烁。
+    
+    在每次循环中，LED 将被点亮 1 秒钟，然后熄灭 1 秒钟。
+    """
+    while True:
+        # 打开 LED
+        led.value(1)  # 设置引脚为高电平
+        print("LED on")
+        # 延时 1 秒
+        time.sleep(1)
+        
+        # 关闭 LED
+        led.value(0)  # 设置引脚为低电平
+        print("LED off")
+        # 再次延时 1 秒
+        time.sleep(1)
+
+# 调用 blink 函数开始执行
+blink()

code/01-LED Blinking/Arduino API/STM32 Blue Pill/led.ino

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+/*
+  LED Push Button
+
+  This example demonstrates the use of a pushbutton to turn on and off an LED using the digitalRead() function.
+  
+  The circuit:
+  - LED attached from pin 11 to ground
+  - Pushbutton attached to pin 5 with internal pull-up enabled (using INPUT_PULLUP)
+  
+  When the button is pressed, the LED will turn on; when released, the LED will turn off.
+
+  Diagram:
+
+      Arduino         LED                   Pushbutton
+     ---------       -----                --------------
+    |         |     |     |              |              |
+    |     13  |-----|>|---+---- GND      |     5        |
+    |         |     (Anode) (Cathode)    |    (Pin)     |
+    |         |                          |              |
+    |         |                          |---+    +-----|
+    |         |                          |   |    |     |
+    |     5   |--------------------------+   |    |     |
+    |         |   (Internal Pull-up)      GND +    +  VCC
+
+  The LED's anode (longer leg) connects to pin 11, and the cathode (shorter leg) connects to ground (GND).
+  The pushbutton is connected to pin 5 and GND, with the internal pull-up resistor activated in the code.
+
+  created 2024
+  by Liang
+*/
+
+boolean pushButton;  // Variable to store the button state (pressed or not)
+
+void setup() {
+  // Set up pin modes for input and output
+
+  pinMode(5, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set pin 5 as input with internal pull-up resistor
+  // The pull-up resistor ensures the pin is HIGH when the button is not pressed and LOW when pressed.
+
+  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);  // Set pin 11 as output for controlling the LED
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Main code to run repeatedly
+
+  pushButton = digitalRead(5);  // Read the current state of the button (HIGH or LOW)
+
+  if (pushButton == LOW) {  // If the button is pressed (LOW state)
+    digitalWrite(13, HIGH);  // Turn on the LED (HIGH output on pin 11)
+  } else {  // If the button is not pressed (HIGH state)
+    digitalWrite(13, LOW);   // Turn off the LED (LOW output on pin 11)
+  }
+}

code/01-LED Blinking/MicroPython API/ESP32-DevKitC/led.py

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+/*
+  LED Push Button with Debouncing
+
+  This example demonstrates the use of a pushbutton to turn on and off an LED, with a debounce routine 
+  to eliminate jitter caused by mechanical noise in the button.
+
+  The circuit:
+  - LED attached from pin 11 to ground
+  - Pushbutton attached to pin 5 with internal pull-up enabled (using INPUT_PULLUP)
+
+  When the button is pressed, the LED will turn on; when released, the LED will turn off.
+
+  Diagram:
+
+      Arduino         LED                   Pushbutton
+     ---------       -----                --------------
+    |         |     |     |              |              |
+    |     11  |-----|>|---+---- GND      |     5        |
+    |         |     (Anode) (Cathode)    |    (Pin)     |
+    |         |                          |              |
+    |         |                          |---+    +-----|
+    |         |                          |   |    |     |
+    |     5   |--------------------------+   |    |     |
+    |         |   (Internal Pull-up)      GND +    +  VCC
+
+  The LED's anode (longer leg) connects to pin 11, and the cathode (shorter leg) connects to ground (GND).
+  The pushbutton is connected to pin 5 and GND, with the internal pull-up resistor activated in the code.
+
+  created 2024
+  by Liang
+*/
+
+boolean pushButtonState = HIGH;    // Variable to store the current button state
+boolean lastButtonState = HIGH;    // Variable to store the last button state
+unsigned long lastDebounceTime = 0; // Variable to store the last time the button state changed
+unsigned long debounceDelay = 50;   // Debounce delay time (50ms)
+
+void setup() {
+  // Set up pin modes for input and output
+  pinMode(5, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set pin 5 as input with internal pull-up resistor
+  pinMode(11, OUTPUT);       // Set pin 11 as output for controlling the LED
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Read the current state of the button
+  int reading = digitalRead(5);
+
+  // If the button state has changed, reset the debounce timer
+  if (reading != lastButtonState) {
+    lastDebounceTime = millis();  // Reset the debounce timer
+  }
+
+  // If the button state has been stable for longer than the debounce delay, register the button state
+  if ((millis() - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) {
+    // If the button state has changed (from HIGH to LOW or vice versa)
+    if (reading != pushButtonState) {
+      pushButtonState = reading;  // Update the current button state
+
+      // Control the LED: if the button is pressed (LOW), turn on the LED, otherwise turn it off
+      if (pushButtonState == LOW) {
+        digitalWrite(11, HIGH);  // Turn on the LED
+      } else {
+        digitalWrite(11, LOW);   // Turn off the LED
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Save the current reading for the next iteration to detect state changes
+  lastButtonState = reading;
+}

code/02-Button LED/Arduino API/Arduino UNO R3/button-basic.ino

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+/*
+  ESP32 LED Push Button with Debouncing
+
+  This example demonstrates the use of a pushbutton to turn on and off an LED, with a debounce routine 
+  to eliminate jitter caused by mechanical noise in the button.
+
+  The circuit:
+  - LED attached from GPIO 13 to ground
+  - Pushbutton attached to GPIO 5 with internal pull-up enabled (using INPUT_PULLUP)
+
+  When the button is pressed, the LED will turn on; when released, the LED will turn off.
+
+  Diagram:
+
+      ESP32           LED                   Pushbutton
+     ---------       -----                --------------
+    |         |     |     |              |              |
+    |   GPIO13|-----|>|---+---- GND      |    GPIO5     |
+    |         |     (Anode) (Cathode)    |    (Pin)     |
+    |         |                          |              |
+    |         |                          |---+    +-----|
+    |         |                          |   |    |     |
+    |   GPIO5 |--------------------------+   |    |     |
+    |         |   (Internal Pull-up)      GND +    +  VCC
+
+  The LED's anode (longer leg) connects to GPIO 13, and the cathode (shorter leg) connects to ground (GND).
+  The pushbutton is connected to GPIO 5 and GND, with the internal pull-up resistor activated in the code.
+
+  created 2024
+  by Liang
+*/
+
+boolean pushButtonState = HIGH;    // Variable to store the current button state
+boolean lastButtonState = HIGH;    // Variable to store the last button state
+unsigned long lastDebounceTime = 0; // Variable to store the last time the button state changed
+unsigned long debounceDelay = 50;   // Debounce delay time (50ms)
+
+void setup() {
+  // Set up pin modes for input and output
+  pinMode(5, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set GPIO 5 as input with internal pull-up resistor for the button
+  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);       // Set GPIO 13 as output for controlling the LED
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Read the current state of the button
+  int reading = digitalRead(5);
+
+  // If the button state has changed, reset the debounce timer
+  if (reading != lastButtonState) {
+    lastDebounceTime = millis();  // Reset the debounce timer
+  }
+
+  // If the button state has been stable for longer than the debounce delay, register the button state
+  if ((millis() - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) {
+    // If the button state has changed (from HIGH to LOW or vice versa)
+    if (reading != pushButtonState) {
+      pushButtonState = reading;  // Update the current button state
+
+      // Control the LED: if the button is pressed (LOW), turn on the LED, otherwise turn it off
+      if (pushButtonState == LOW) {
+        digitalWrite(13, HIGH);  // Turn on the LED
+      } else {
+        digitalWrite(13, LOW);   // Turn off the LED
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Save the current reading for the next iteration to detect state changes
+  lastButtonState = reading;
+}