diff --git a/.github/workflows/ruby.yml b/.github/workflows/ruby.yml
index 42acf1e..8d3220f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ruby.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ruby.yml
@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         gemfile:
-          - Gemfile # latest Rails (8.0)
-          - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-0
-          - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-1
-          - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-2
+          - gemfiles/rails_7.0
+          - gemfiles/rails_7.1
+          - gemfiles/rails_7.2
+          - gemfiles/rails_8.0
         ruby:
           - "3.1"
           - "3.2"
           - "3.3"
         # exclude:
-        #   - gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
+        #   - gemfile: gemfiles/rails_6.0
         #     ruby: '3.2'
     env:
       BUNDLE_GEMFILE: ${{ github.workspace }}/${{ matrix.gemfile }}
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index a5ca158..f35e9d4 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -11,3 +11,5 @@
 .DS_Store
 
 Gemfile.lock
+
+/gemfiles/*.lock
diff --git a/Appraisals b/Appraisals
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8be68b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Appraisals
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+appraise "rails-7.0" do
+  gem "rails", "~> 7.0.0"
+  gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+end
+
+appraise "rails-7.1" do
+  gem "rails", "~> 7.1.0"
+  gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+end
+
+appraise "rails-7.2" do
+  gem "rails", "~> 7.1.0"
+  gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.7"
+end
+
+appraise "rails-8.0" do
+  gem "rails", "~> 8.0.0"
+  gem "sqlite3"
+end
diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index cefc713..31a66c6 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }
 gemspec
 
 gem "activerecord" # needed for app_test test case
-gem "sqlite3"
+gem "sqlite3", "~> 2"
+
+gem "appraisal"
 
 gem "minitest-reporters"
 
diff --git a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-0 b/gemfiles/rails_7.0.gemfile
similarity index 56%
rename from gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-0
rename to gemfiles/rails_7.0.gemfile
index f61376a..992354d 100644
--- a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-0
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_7.0.gemfile
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
+# This file was generated by Appraisal
 
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
-gemspec path: ".."
-
-gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "7-0-stable"
-
+gem "activerecord"
+gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+gem "appraisal"
 gem "minitest-reporters"
 gem "rubocop"
 gem "rubocop-minitest"
 gem "rubocop-performance"
 gem "rubocop-thread_safety"
-gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+gem "ruby-lsp"
+gem "rails", "~> 7.0.0"
+
+gemspec path: "../"
diff --git a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-1 b/gemfiles/rails_7.1.gemfile
similarity index 56%
rename from gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-1
rename to gemfiles/rails_7.1.gemfile
index bb145a1..118ed34 100644
--- a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-1
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_7.1.gemfile
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
+# This file was generated by Appraisal
 
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
-gemspec path: ".."
-
-gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "7-1-stable"
-
+gem "activerecord"
+gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+gem "appraisal"
 gem "minitest-reporters"
 gem "rubocop"
 gem "rubocop-minitest"
 gem "rubocop-performance"
 gem "rubocop-thread_safety"
-gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+gem "ruby-lsp"
+gem "rails", "~> 7.1.0"
+
+gemspec path: "../"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_7.2.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_7.2.gemfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1781d62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_7.2.gemfile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# This file was generated by Appraisal
+
+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+gem "activerecord"
+gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.7"
+gem "appraisal"
+gem "minitest-reporters"
+gem "rubocop"
+gem "rubocop-minitest"
+gem "rubocop-performance"
+gem "rubocop-thread_safety"
+gem "ruby-lsp"
+gem "rails", "~> 7.1.0"
+
+gemspec path: "../"
diff --git a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-2 b/gemfiles/rails_8.0.gemfile
similarity index 50%
rename from gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-2
rename to gemfiles/rails_8.0.gemfile
index 2365789..8fe5ee3 100644
--- a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-7-2
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_8.0.gemfile
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
+# This file was generated by Appraisal
 
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 
-gemspec path: ".."
-
-gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "7-2-stable"
-
+gem "activerecord"
+gem "sqlite3"
+gem "appraisal"
 gem "minitest-reporters"
 gem "rubocop"
 gem "rubocop-minitest"
 gem "rubocop-performance"
 gem "rubocop-thread_safety"
-gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+gem "ruby-lsp"
+gem "rails", "~> 8.0.0"
+
+gemspec path: "../"