diff --git a/src/hooks/useBulkUpdateVariables.ts b/src/hooks/useBulkUpdateVariables.ts
index 7ff7181..82fe3a8 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useBulkUpdateVariables.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useBulkUpdateVariables.ts
@@ -15,21 +15,35 @@ import { mutator } from 'api/mutator'
  * This hook is designed to perform a batch operation for creating, updating, and deleting variables, collections, and modes.
  * It provides an ergonomic API with `mutate` and loading/error state for easy integration.
  *
+ * ## Return Value
+ *
+ * The `mutate` function returns `Promise<TData | undefined>`:
+ * - On success: Returns the API response data
+ * - On error: Returns `undefined` (error stored in `error` state)
+ *
+ * Use `isSuccess`/`isError` flags or check the return value to handle results.
+ *
+ * @returns MutationResult with `mutate`, status flags (`isLoading`, `isSuccess`, `isError`),
+ * `data` (API response), and `error` (if failed).
+ *
  * @example
  * ```tsx
  * import { useBulkUpdateVariables } from '@figma-vars/hooks';
  *
  * function BulkUpdateButton() {
- *   const { mutate, isLoading, error } = useBulkUpdateVariables();
+ *   const { mutate, isLoading, isError, error } = useBulkUpdateVariables();
  *
- *   const handleBulkUpdate = () => {
- *     mutate({
+ *   const handleBulkUpdate = async () => {
+ *     const result = await mutate({
  *       variables: [{ action: 'UPDATE', id: 'VariableId:123', name: 'new-name' }],
  *     });
+ *     if (result) {
+ *       console.log('Bulk update successful');
+ *     }
  *   };
  *
  *   if (isLoading) return <div>Updating...</div>;
- *   if (error) return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;
+ *   if (isError) return <div>Error: {error?.message}</div>;
  *   return <button onClick={handleBulkUpdate}>Bulk Update</button>;
  * }
  * ```
diff --git a/src/hooks/useCreateVariable.ts b/src/hooks/useCreateVariable.ts
index cf0063c..d7907fa 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useCreateVariable.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useCreateVariable.ts
@@ -14,19 +14,37 @@ import { mutator } from 'api/mutator'
  * @remarks
  * The hook returns a `mutate` function to trigger the creation along with state flags and data.
  *
+ * ## Return Value
+ *
+ * The `mutate` function returns `Promise<TData | undefined>`:
+ * - On success: Returns the API response data
+ * - On error: Returns `undefined` (error stored in `error` state)
+ *
+ * Use `isSuccess`/`isError` flags or check the return value to handle results.
+ *
+ * @returns MutationResult with `mutate`, status flags (`isLoading`, `isSuccess`, `isError`),
+ * `data` (API response), and `error` (if failed).
+ *
  * @example
  * ```tsx
  * import { useCreateVariable } from '@figma-vars/hooks';
  *
  * function CreateVariableButton() {
- *   const { mutate, isLoading, error } = useCreateVariable();
+ *   const { mutate, isLoading, isError, error } = useCreateVariable();
  *
- *   const handleCreate = () => {
- *     mutate({ name: 'new-variable', variableCollectionId: 'VariableCollectionId:1:1', resolvedType: 'COLOR' });
+ *   const handleCreate = async () => {
+ *     const result = await mutate({
+ *       name: 'new-variable',
+ *       variableCollectionId: 'VariableCollectionId:1:1',
+ *       resolvedType: 'COLOR'
+ *     });
+ *     if (result) {
+ *       console.log('Created successfully:', result);
+ *     }
  *   };
  *
  *   if (isLoading) return <div>Creating...</div>;
- *   if (error) return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;
+ *   if (isError) return <div>Error: {error?.message}</div>;
  *   return <button onClick={handleCreate}>Create Variable</button>;
  * }
  * ```
diff --git a/src/hooks/useDeleteVariable.ts b/src/hooks/useDeleteVariable.ts
index 7db88d2..e0d4f66 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useDeleteVariable.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useDeleteVariable.ts
@@ -13,17 +13,33 @@ import { mutator } from 'api/mutator'
  * @remarks
  * This hook provides a `mutate` function to trigger the deletion and exposes loading and error states.
  *
+ * ## Return Value
+ *
+ * The `mutate` function returns `Promise<TData | undefined>`:
+ * - On success: Returns the API response data
+ * - On error: Returns `undefined` (error stored in `error` state)
+ *
+ * Use `isSuccess`/`isError` flags or check the return value to handle results.
+ *
+ * @returns MutationResult with `mutate`, status flags (`isLoading`, `isSuccess`, `isError`),
+ * `data` (API response), and `error` (if failed).
+ *
  * @example
  * ```tsx
  * import { useDeleteVariable } from '@figma-vars/hooks';
  *
  * function DeleteVariableButton({ id }: { id: string }) {
- *   const { mutate, isLoading, error } = useDeleteVariable();
+ *   const { mutate, isLoading, isError, error } = useDeleteVariable();
  *
- *   const onDelete = () => mutate(id);
+ *   const onDelete = async () => {
+ *     const result = await mutate(id);
+ *     if (result) {
+ *       console.log('Deleted successfully');
+ *     }
+ *   };
  *
  *   if (isLoading) return <div>Deleting...</div>;
- *   if (error) return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;
+ *   if (isError) return <div>Error: {error?.message}</div>;
  *   return <button onClick={onDelete}>Delete Variable</button>;
  * }
  * ```
diff --git a/src/hooks/useUpdateVariable.ts b/src/hooks/useUpdateVariable.ts
index 0e5019f..bdfdfc9 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useUpdateVariable.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useUpdateVariable.ts
@@ -14,17 +14,33 @@ import { mutator } from 'api/mutator'
  * @remarks
  * The hook returns a `mutate` function to trigger the update with given payload and exposes state flags.
  *
+ * ## Return Value
+ *
+ * The `mutate` function returns `Promise<TData | undefined>`:
+ * - On success: Returns the API response data
+ * - On error: Returns `undefined` (error stored in `error` state)
+ *
+ * Use `isSuccess`/`isError` flags or check the return value to handle results.
+ *
+ * @returns MutationResult with `mutate`, status flags (`isLoading`, `isSuccess`, `isError`),
+ * `data` (API response), and `error` (if failed).
+ *
  * @example
  * ```tsx
  * import { useUpdateVariable } from '@figma-vars/hooks';
  *
  * function UpdateVariableButton({ id }: { id: string }) {
- *   const { mutate, isLoading, error } = useUpdateVariable();
+ *   const { mutate, isLoading, isError, error } = useUpdateVariable();
  *
- *   const onUpdate = () => mutate({ variableId: id, payload: { name: 'new-name' } });
+ *   const onUpdate = async () => {
+ *     const result = await mutate({ variableId: id, payload: { name: 'new-name' } });
+ *     if (result) {
+ *       console.log('Updated successfully');
+ *     }
+ *   };
  *
  *   if (isLoading) return <div>Updating...</div>;
- *   if (error) return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;
+ *   if (isError) return <div>Error: {error?.message}</div>;
  *   return <button onClick={onUpdate}>Update Variable</button>;
  * }
  * ```
diff --git a/src/types/mutations.ts b/src/types/mutations.ts
index 61b0bf1..34af30d 100644
--- a/src/types/mutations.ts
+++ b/src/types/mutations.ts
@@ -310,8 +310,15 @@ export interface MutationState<TData> {
  */
 export interface MutationOptions {
   /**
-   * If true, errors will be rethrown instead of being caught and stored in state.
-   * This allows callers to use try/catch for error handling.
+   * Controls error handling behavior for the mutation.
+   *
+   * - **`false` (default)**: Errors are caught and stored in the `error` state.
+   *   The `mutate` function returns `undefined` on error.
+   *   Use the `isError` flag and `error` state to handle failures reactively.
+   *
+   * - **`true`**: Errors are rethrown, allowing try/catch error handling.
+   *   The `mutate` function throws on error.
+   *   Use this when you need imperative error handling.
    *
    * @default false
    */
@@ -322,7 +329,46 @@ export interface MutationOptions {
  * Return value of mutation hooks.
  *
  * @remarks
- * Combines mutation state with a `mutate` trigger function accepting a payload, along with convenient booleans for status.
+ * Combines mutation state with a `mutate` trigger function accepting a payload,
+ * along with convenient booleans for status checking.
+ *
+ * ## Return Value Semantics
+ *
+ * The `mutate` function returns `Promise<TData | undefined>`:
+ *
+ * - **On success**: Returns the mutation result data (`TData`)
+ * - **On error with `throwOnError: false` (default)**: Returns `undefined` and stores error in `error` state
+ * - **On error with `throwOnError: true`**: Throws the error (use try/catch)
+ *
+ * ## Recommended Patterns
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * // Pattern 1: Check return value (when throwOnError is false)
+ * const result = await mutate(payload);
+ * if (result === undefined) {
+ *   // Check error state
+ *   console.error('Mutation failed:', error);
+ * } else {
+ *   // Use result
+ *   console.log('Created:', result);
+ * }
+ *
+ * // Pattern 2: Use try/catch (when throwOnError is true)
+ * try {
+ *   const result = await mutate(payload);
+ *   console.log('Created:', result);
+ * } catch (err) {
+ *   console.error('Mutation failed:', err);
+ * }
+ *
+ * // Pattern 3: Use status flags (reactive)
+ * if (isSuccess) {
+ *   console.log('Created:', data);
+ * }
+ * if (isError) {
+ *   console.error('Failed:', error);
+ * }
+ * ```
  *
  * @typeParam TData - The type of data returned by the mutation.
  * @typeParam TPayload - The payload type accepted by the mutation trigger.
@@ -330,11 +376,23 @@ export interface MutationOptions {
  * @public
  */
 export interface MutationResult<TData, TPayload> {
+  /**
+   * Trigger the mutation with the given payload.
+   *
+   * @returns Promise resolving to the mutation result, or `undefined` if an error occurred
+   * and `throwOnError` is false. When `throwOnError` is true, errors are thrown instead.
+   */
   mutate: (payload: TPayload) => Promise<TData | undefined>
+  /** Current mutation status: 'idle' | 'loading' | 'success' | 'error' */
   status: 'idle' | 'loading' | 'success' | 'error'
+  /** The result data from a successful mutation, or `null` if not yet successful. */
   data: TData | null
+  /** The error from a failed mutation, or `null` if no error. */
   error: Error | null
+  /** `true` while the mutation is in progress. */
   isLoading: boolean
+  /** `true` after a successful mutation. */
   isSuccess: boolean
+  /** `true` after a failed mutation. */
   isError: boolean
 }
diff --git a/src/utils/retry.ts b/src/utils/retry.ts
index a2c4366..2e6f94d 100644
--- a/src/utils/retry.ts
+++ b/src/utils/retry.ts
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ export function withRetry<T>(
     }
 
     // This should never be reached, but TypeScript needs it
-    /* istanbul ignore next */
+    /* c8 ignore next */
     throw lastError ?? new Error('Retry failed')
   }
 }