diff --git a/markdownify/__init__.py b/markdownify/__init__.py
index cd66a39..ceeb793 100644
--- a/markdownify/__init__.py
+++ b/markdownify/__init__.py
@@ -208,8 +208,20 @@ def escape(self, text):
         if not text:
             return ''
         if self.options['escape_misc']:
-            text = re.sub(r'([\\&<`[>~#=+|-])', r'\\\1', text)
-            text = re.sub(r'([0-9])([.)])', r'\1\\\2', text)
+            text = re.sub(r'([\\&<`[>~=+|])', r'\\\1', text)
+            # A sequence of one or more consecutive '-', preceded and
+            # followed by whitespace or start/end of fragment, might
+            # be confused with an underline of a header, or with a
+            # list marker.
+            text = re.sub(r'(\s|^)(-+(?:\s|$))', r'\1\\\2', text)
+            # A sequence of up to six consecutive '#', preceded and
+            # followed by whitespace or start/end of fragment, might
+            # be confused with an ATX heading.
+            text = re.sub(r'(\s|^)(#{1,6}(?:\s|$))', r'\1\\\2', text)
+            # '.' or ')' preceded by up to nine digits might be
+            # confused with a list item.
+            text = re.sub(r'((?:\s|^)[0-9]{1,9})([.)](?:\s|$))', r'\1\\\2',
+                          text)
         if self.options['escape_asterisks']:
             text = text.replace('*', r'\*')
         if self.options['escape_underscores']:
diff --git a/tests/test_escaping.py b/tests/test_escaping.py
index eaef77d..6eb8e07 100644
--- a/tests/test_escaping.py
+++ b/tests/test_escaping.py
@@ -28,20 +28,43 @@ def test_single_escaping_entities():
     assert md('&amp;amp;') == r'\&amp;'
 
 
-def text_misc():
+def test_misc():
     assert md('\\*') == r'\\\*'
-    assert md('<foo>') == r'\<foo\>'
+    assert md('&lt;foo>') == r'\<foo\>'
     assert md('# foo') == r'\# foo'
+    assert md('#5') == r'#5'
+    assert md('5#') == '5#'
+    assert md('####### foo') == r'####### foo'
     assert md('> foo') == r'\> foo'
     assert md('~~foo~~') == r'\~\~foo\~\~'
     assert md('foo\n===\n') == 'foo\n\\=\\=\\=\n'
-    assert md('---\n') == '\\-\\-\\-\n'
+    assert md('---\n') == '\\---\n'
+    assert md('- test') == r'\- test'
+    assert md('x - y') == r'x \- y'
+    assert md('test-case') == 'test-case'
+    assert md('x-') == 'x-'
+    assert md('-y') == '-y'
     assert md('+ x\n+ y\n') == '\\+ x\n\\+ y\n'
     assert md('`x`') == r'\`x\`'
     assert md('[text](link)') == r'\[text](link)'
     assert md('1. x') == r'1\. x'
+    # assert md('1<span>.</span> x') == r'1\. x'
+    assert md('<span>1.</span> x') == r'1\. x'
+    assert md(' 1. x') == r' 1\. x'
+    assert md('123456789. x') == r'123456789\. x'
+    assert md('1234567890. x') == r'1234567890. x'
+    assert md('A1. x') == r'A1. x'
+    assert md('1.2') == r'1.2'
     assert md('not a number. x') == r'not a number. x'
     assert md('1) x') == r'1\) x'
+    # assert md('1<span>)</span> x') == r'1\) x'
+    assert md('<span>1)</span> x') == r'1\) x'
+    assert md(' 1) x') == r' 1\) x'
+    assert md('123456789) x') == r'123456789\) x'
+    assert md('1234567890) x') == r'1234567890) x'
+    assert md('(1) x') == r'(1) x'
+    assert md('A1) x') == r'A1) x'
+    assert md('1)x') == r'1)x'
     assert md('not a number) x') == r'not a number) x'
     assert md('|not table|') == r'\|not table\|'
-    assert md(r'\ <foo> &amp;amp; | ` `', escape_misc=False) == r'\ <foo> &amp; | ` `'
+    assert md(r'\ &lt;foo> &amp;amp; | ` `', escape_misc=False) == r'\ <foo> &amp; | ` `'