index.html

<!doctype html>

<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>Linux Essentials</title>

	<meta name="description" content="Linux Essentials presentation (tutorial)" />
	<meta name="author" content="mlibre" />
	<meta name="email" content="m.gh@linuxmail.org" />

    <link href="web_files/css/font.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="web_files/css/stylesheet.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="web_files/css/table.css" rel="stylesheet" />

    <link rel="icon" href="resource/images/linux_essential.png" />
</head>

<body class="impress-not-supported">

<div class="fallback-message">
    <p>It seems <b>page is loading</b>.</p>
    <p>If message not gone, probably your browser <b>doesn't support the features required</b> so you are presented with a simplified version of this presentation.</p>
    <p>For the best experience please use the latest <b>Chromium/Chrome</b>, <b>Safari</b> or <b>Firefox</b> browser.</p>
</div>

<div id="impress">

	<!-- --------------------------- overview ---------------------------  -->
    <div id="overview" class="step" data-x="3000" data-y="1500" data-scale="10">
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- introduction ---------------------------  -->
	<div id="introduction" class="step slide" data-x="-1500" data-y="-1500">
		<img src="resource/images/penguin.jpg" alt="i love GNU" width="100%" height="100%" style="border-radius:1%">
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- operating system ---------------------------  -->
	<div id="operating_system" class="step slide" data-x="-500" data-y="-1500">
        <strong> Operating system </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Resource management </li>
			<li> Interface between application and hardware </li>
			<li> Multitasking </li>
			<li> Memory management </li>
			<li> Disk access </li>
			<li> etc </li>
        </ul>
        <br>

        <strong> Example </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Linux </li>
			<li> Microsoft Windows </li>
			<li> OS X </li>
			<li> FreeBSD </li>
			<li> Android - on Linux kernel </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- os image ---------------------------  -->
	<div id="os_images" class="step" data-x="-500" data-y="-1500" data-z="-1100" data-scale="0.5">
		<img src="resource/images/OS.png">
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- Linux and UNIX ---------------------------  -->
    <div id="linux_unix" class="step slide" data-x="500" data-y="-1500">
        <strong> Linux </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Operating system </li>
			<li> By Linus Torvalds </li>
			<li> Originated in 1991 </li>
			<li> received support and assistance from volunteers who succeeded in creating a complete and functional kernel </li>
			<li> Linux is Unix-like, but was developed without any Unix code </li>
        </ul>
		<br>

		<strong> UNIX </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Operating system </li>
			<li> Assembly - c </li>
			<li> OS X - Unix-based </li>
			<li> What is the OS X new version based on ? i don't know! </li>
        </ul>

    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- Linux vs Windwos ---------------------------  -->
	<div id="Linux_vs_Windows" class="step slide" data-x="1500" data-y="-1500">
        <strong> Linux | Windows. (main difference)</strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Freedom | Restriction  </li>
        </ul>
		<br>

		<strong> Other difference </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Full access vs Almost none access  </li>
			<li> Command line </li>
			<li> Gratis vs $ </li>
        </ul>
        <br>

        <strong> Examples </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> Boot in any way </li>
			<li> ... </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- gnu linux --------------------------- -->
    <div id="gnu_linux" class="step text_good" data-x="2800" data-y="350" data-scale="6">
        <b> GNU/Linux </b>
        <img src="resource/images/GNU_Linux_logo.png" width="50%" height="50%">
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- how gnu started 1 --------------------------- -->
    <div id="gnu_1" class="step slide" data-x="2800" data-y="350" data-z="-2000">
        <strong> How it's started ? </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> When I started working at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab in 1971,
			I became part of a software-sharing community that had existed for many years. </li>
			<li> ITS - assembly </li>
			<li> As a member of this community, an AI Lab staff system hacker, my job was to improve this system. </li>
			<li> We did not call our software “free software”, because that term did not yet exist; but that is what it was. </li>
			<li> The collapse of the community </li>
			<li> ITS were obsolete - 1980 </li>
			<li> The modern computers of the era, such as the VAX or the 68020,
			had their own operating systems, but none of them were free software </li>

		</ul>

    </div>

    <!-- --------------------------- how gnu started 1_5 --------------------------- -->
    <div id="gnu_1_5" class="step slide" data-x="2800" data-y="350" data-z="-4000">
        <strong> How it's started ? </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> sign a nondisclosure agreement even to get an executable copy. </li>
			<li> This meant that the first step in using a computer was to promise not to help your neighbor </li>
		</ul>

    </div>

    <!-- ---------------------------  how gnu started 2  --------------------------- -->
    <div id="gnu_2" class="step slide" data-x="2800" data-y="350" data-z="-6000">
        <strong> proprietary software, rule and idea </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> The rule made by the owners of proprietary software was,
			“If you share with your neighbor, you are a pirate. If you want any changes, beg us to make them.” </li>
			<li> The idea that the proprietary software social system—the system that says you are not allowed to share or
			change software—is antisocial, that it is unethical, that it is simply wrong, </li>
        </ul>
		<br>

		<strong> GNU/free operating system </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> what was needed first was an operating system </li>
			<li> make the system compatible with Unix </li>
			<li> GNU stands for: GNU's Not Unix </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <!-- --------------------------- how gnu started 3 --------------------------- -->
    <div id="gnu_3" class="step slide" data-x="2800" data-y="350" data-z="-8000">
        <strong> Stallman and GNU </strong>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> In January 1984 I quit my job at MIT and began writing GNU software. </li>
			<li> I therefore decided that my first program for the GNU Project would be a multilanguage, multiplatform compiler. </li>
		</ul>
		<br>

		<strong> GNU Emacs </strong>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> I concluded I would have to write a new compiler from scratch. </li>
			<li> That new compiler is now known as GCC; none of the Pastel compiler is used in it,
			but I managed to adapt and use the C front end that I had written. But that was some years later;
			first, I worked on GNU Emacs. </li>
        </ul>
		<br>

		<strong> GCC </strong>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> GNU Compiler Collection </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

	<!-- ---------------------------  copyleft logo  --------------------------- -->
    <div id="copy_left_logo" class="step text_good" data-x="3100" data-y="2000" data-scale="3">
        <b class="font_120"> copyleft </b>
        <img src="resource/images/copyleft.png" width="25%" height="25%">
    </div>

	<!-- ---------------------------  copyleft and gnu gpl  --------------------------- -->
	<div id="copyleft" class="step text_good width_1400" data-x="3500" data-y="1910" data-z="-2000" data-rotate-z="360" data-scale="0.5">
		<strong> Copyright </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> In 1980, the copyright law was extended to computer programs in the United States </li>
		</ul>

		<br>
		<strong> Copyleft and the GNU GPL </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> The principal goal of GNU is to be free software. </li>
			<li> So we needed to use distribution terms that would prevent
			GNU software from being turned into proprietary software. The method we use is called “copyleft”. </li>
			<li> Copyleft uses copyright law, but flips it over to serve the opposite of its usual purpose:
			instead of a means for restricting a program, it becomes a means for keeping the program free. </li>
			<li> The specific implementation of copyleft that we use for most GNU software is the GNU GPL. </li>
		</ul>
	</div>

	<!-- ---------------------------  GNU  --------------------------- -->
    <div id="gnu" class="step text_good" data-x="-200" data-y="400" data-scale="4">
        <span class="gpl"> General Public License </span>
        <h1> GNU </h1>
        <span class="footnote"><sup>*</sup> The Linux kernel </span>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- gnu detail --------------------------- -->
	<div id="gnu_detail" class="step text_good" data-x="-798" data-y="300" data-z="-950" >
		<p> GNU's not Unix </p>
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- free software movement --------------------------- -->
	<div id="free_software_movement" class="step text_good" data-x="-1750" data-y="250" data-z="-900" >
		<strong> What is the Free Software Movement ? </strong>
		<p> The free software movement campaigns to win for the users of computing the freedom that comes from free software.
		Free software puts its users in control of their own computing.<p>
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- free software --------------------------- -->
	<div id="free_software" class="step text_good" data-x="-1700" data-z="-1300" data-rotate-x="90">
		<strong> What is the Free Software </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0) </li>
			<li> The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs (freedom 1).
			Access to the source code - change it </li>
			<li> The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2).
			redistribute exact copy - you can sell it. </li>
			<li> The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public,
			so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3). Access to the source code is a precondition for this. </li>
		</ul>
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- free license --------------------------- -->
	<div id="free_license" class="step text_good" data-x="-1700" data-y="800" data-z="-1800" data-rotate-x="90">
		<strong> Free license </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> free software - released under a free license. </li>
		</ul>
		<strong> GNU GPL </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> Four freedom </li>
			<li> Specific implementation of copyleft </li>
			<li> the source code of the work must be made available under the same license </li>
			<li> Gnu normally use the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) </li>
		</ul>
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- kernel license --------------------------- -->
	<div id="kernel_license" class="step text_good" data-x="-460" data-y="1000" data-z="-700">
		<p> The Linux kernel is released under the GPLv2 </p>
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- FOSS --------------------------- -->
    <div id="FOSS" class="step slide" data-x="2500" data-y="-1500">
        <strong> FOSS </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%">
			<li> Free and open-source software </li>
			<li> Contrast to proprietary software </li>
        </ul>
		<br>

        <strong> Advantages </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%">
			<li> Security </li>
			<li> Stability </li>
			<li> Protecting privacy </li>
			<li> Helps people </li>
			<li> Public benefit </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <!-- --------------------------- Linux histroy --------------------------- -->
	<div id="brief_history_of_linux" class="step slide" data-x="3500" data-y="-1500">
        <strong> Brief history of Linux </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%;">
			<li> In 1991, Linus Torvalds developed a Unix-compatible kernel and called it Linux. </li>
			<li> received support and assistance from volunteers who succeeded in creating a complete and functional kernel </li>
			<li> Linux is Unix-like, but was developed without any Unix code </li>
			<li> It was proprietary at first - prohibited commercial redistribution </li>
			<li> but in 1992, he made it free software - GPL </li>
			<li> combining Linux with the not-quite-complete GNU system resulted in a complete free operating system </li>
			<li> GNU + Linux = complete OS </li>
			<li> GNU/Linux </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

	<!-- ---------------------------  linux distribution  --------------------------- -->
	<div id="linux_distribution" class="step slide" data-x="4500" data-y="-1500">
        <strong> Linux distribution </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="" style="margin-left: 10%">
			A Linux distribution (often called a distro for short) is an operating system made as a software collection based on
			the Linux kernel and, often, on a package management system
        </ul>
		<br>

        <strong> Number of linux distro </strong>
        <br>
        <br>
        <ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%">
			<li> Debian </li>
			<li> Ubuntu </li>
			<li> Mint </li>
			<li> openSUSE </li>
			<li> Raspbian </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- linux distribution logo --------------------------- -->
	<div id="linux_distribution_logo" class="step line_height_100" data-x="7500" data-y="100" data-scale="5">
        <br>
        <br>
        <img src="resource/images/debian.svg" style="width:10%; height:10%">
        <img src="resource/images/ubuntu-logo.png" style="width:11%; height:11%">
		<img src="resource/images/linux_mint.png" style="width:12%; height:12%">
		<br>
		<img src="resource/images/openSUSE.png" style="width:13%; height:13%;margin-left:40px">
		<img src="resource/images/rpi_logo.png" style="width:13%; height:13%">
		<br>
		<br>
		<a href="http://distrowatch.com/">distrowatch.com</a>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- embedded system --------------------------- -->
    <div id="embedded_system" class="step text_good" data-x="-1500" data-y="3000" data-rotate="270" data-scale="5">
        <p><b class="embedded_system"> Embedded system </b></p>
        <p> <sup>*</sup> multi platform </p>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- raspberry pi --------------------------- -->
	<div id="raspberry_pi" class="step" data-x="-1500" data-y="3000" data-z="-1200" data-rotate="180" data-scale="0.7">
		<img src="resource/images/raspberry_pi.jpg" style="width: 100%; height:100%; border-radius:5%;">
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- ADSL modem router internals --------------------------- -->
	<div id="ADSL_modem_router_internals" class="step width_1400" data-x="-1500" data-y="3000" data-z="-2500" data-rotate="180" data-scale="0.8">
		<ul style="float:left;font-size:22px">
			<li> 1. Telephone decoupling electronics (for ADSL). </li>
			<li> 2. Multicolour LED (displaying network status). </li>
			<li> 3. Single colour LED (displaying USB status). </li>
			<li> 4. Main processor </li>
			<li> 5. JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) test and programming port. </li>
			<li> 6. RAM, a single ESMT M12L64164A 8 MB chip. </li>
			<li> 7. Flash memory, obscured by sticker. </li>
			<li> 8. Power supply regulator. </li>
			<li> 9. Main power supply fuse. </li>
			<li> 10. Power connector. </li>
			<li> 11. Reset button. </li>
			<li> 12. Quartz crystal. </li>
			<li> 13. Ethernet port. </li>
			<li> 14. Ethernet transformer, Delta LF8505. </li>
			<li> 15. KS8721B ethernet PHY transmitter receiver. </li>
			<li> 16. USB port. </li>
			<li> 17. Telephone (RJ11) port. </li>
			<li> 18. Telephone connector fuses. </li>
		</ul>
		<img src="resource/images/ADSL_modem_router_internals.jpg" style="width: 55%; height:55%; float:right; border-radius:5%;">
		<span style="float:right; margin-right:280px; font-size:20px"> ADSL Modem/router </span>
	</div>

 	<!-- --------------------------- linux structure --------------------------- -->
    <div id="linux_structure_image" class="step width_1400" data-x="-3500" data-y="1400" data-rotate-y="90" data-rotate-x="-90" data-scale="3.5">
        <img src="resource/images/linux_kernel_and_etc.svg" class="border_shadow" width="100%" height="100%">
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- shell --------------------------- -->
    <div id="shell" class="step text_good" data-x="6400" data-y="3900" data-scale="4">
        <p class="font_80 text_good"> shell </p>
    </div>

    <!-- --------------------------- shell concept example --------------------------- -->
	<div id="shell_concept_example" class="step text_good width_1400" data-x="6400" data-y="4300" data-z="-3000" data-scale="0.5">
		<strong> Concept </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> Program/Environment - interface between user and kernel </li>
			<li> The shell accepts human readable commands and translates them into something the kernel can read and process. </li>
		</ul>

		<strong> CLI example </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> bash </li>
			<li> fish </li>
		</ul>

		<strong> GUI example </strong>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> cinnamon </li>
			<li> gnome </li>
			<li> kde </li>
		</ul>
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- Linux kernel input output --------------------------- -->
    <div id="Linux_kernel_input_output" class="step width_1400" data-x="6400" data-y="4800" data-z="-6000" data-scale="0.2">
        <img src="resource/images/Linux_kernel_input-output.svg" width="100%" height="100%">
    </div>

 	<!-- --------------------------- fhs --------------------------- -->
	<div id="fhs" class="step text_good text_center" data-x="2600" data-y="3500" data-scale="1">
        <strong style="font-size:400px"> FHS </strong>
    </div>

	<!-- --------------------------- fhs start --------------------------- -->
	<div id="fhs_start" class="step text_good width_1400" data-x="2600" data-y="3900" data-z="-3000" data-scale="0.5">
		<strong> Filesystem  Hierarchy Standard </strong>
		<br>
		<br>
		<ul class="ul_disc" style="margin-left: 10%; font-size:30px;">
			<li> It is maintained by the Linux Foundation. The latest version is 3.0, released on 3 June 2015. </li>
			<li> Currently it is only used by Linux distributions. </li>
			<li> In the FHS all files and directories appear under the root directory /,
			even if they are stored on different physical or virtual devices. </li>
		</ul>
	</div>
    <!-- --------------------------- fhs image --------------------------- -->
	<div id="fhs_image" class="step" data-x="2600" data-y="3900" data-z="-4000" data-scale="0.2">
		<img src="resource/images/fhs.png" style="margin-left:30%;" width="38%" height="38%">
	</div>

	<!-- --------------------------- 30 birthday FSF --------------------------- -->
    <div id="30_birthday_FSF" class="step width_99vw" data-x="9300" data-y="1700" data-rotate-y="-90" data-rotate-x="-90" data-scale="3.5">
		<video class="center video width_90vw" poster="resource/images/FSF_30_Birthday.gif" controls preload="none">
            <source src="resource/film/FSF_30_360p.webm" type="video/webm">
        </video>
    </div>

    <!-- --------------------------- stallman ted --------------------------- -->
    <div id="stallman_ted" class="step width_99vw" data-x="9300" data-y="1700" data-z="-2700" data-rotate-y="-90" data-rotate-x="-90" data-scale="3.5">
		<video class="center video width_90vw" poster="resource/images/stallman_ted.gif" controls preload="none">
            <source src="resource/film/TEDxGE2014_Stallman05_LQ.webm" type="video/webm">
        </video>
    </div>

    <!-- --------------------------- next page --------------------------- -->
	<div id="next_page" class="step" data-x="9800" data-y="4900" data-scale="1">
        <a href="section_2.html" class="page_a">
            <img class="image" src="resource/images/next_page.png">
            <div class="font_180 text_good">next page</div>
        </a>
	</div>

</div>

<div class="hint text_good">
    <p>Linux essential tutorial</p>
</div>

<script src="web_files/js/impress.js"></script>
<script>impress().init();</script>

</body>
</html>