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step_by_step.md

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emLinux in Windows OS

This tutorial will guide you step-by-step into embedded Linux development under Windows OS.

1. Install Dependencies

The following tools must be installed in your PC running Windows OS.

  • VirtualBox - General-purpose full virtualizer for x86 hardware, targeted at server, desktop and embedded use.
  • Vagrant - Create and configure lightweight, reproducible, and portable development environments. In Windows 7 use version 1.9.6, because all upper versions could be unstable.
  • pyIMX - Collection of useful tools for IMX processors (Smart-Boot, ...)

2. Prepare virtual machine

  • Download archive with Vagrant script emlinux-wm and extract it to local disk.
  • Set unique host name, machine name and other settings for generated VM in local.conf file.
  • Open shell in extracted directory and execute command:
  $ vagrant up

If your PC has more than one network adapter, then select the right for internet access.

  • After the VM is brought up and provisioned use following command to open SSH session on it.
  $ vagrant ssh

More details about Vagrant tool and its other commands are described on wiki page.

3. Build toolchain (optional)

  • Run build_toolchain command and follow the wizard:
  $ build_toolchain

This step is optional because VM has preinstalled toolchain. Go into it only if you need customize the toolchain build.

4. Build U-Boot

  • Create empty directory uboot and navigate to it
  $ mkdir uboot && cd uboot
  • Run build_uboot command and follow the wizard:
  $ build_uboot

***********************************************************
*                     U-Boot Builder                      *
***********************************************************

 For printing all usable options use "build_uboot -h"

[INFO ] Searching Compiler, please wait !
[INFO ] Used Compiler: /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select source repository 
------------------------------------------------------------
 0) http://sw-stash.freescale.net/scm/imx/uboot-imx.git
 1) git://git.freescale.com/imx/uboot-imx.git
 2) https://github.com/Freescale/u-boot-fslc.git
 3) git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 2

Cloning into '/home/ubuntu/uboot/source'...
...

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select option for git checkout list 
------------------------------------------------------------
 0) BRANCH
 1) TAG
 2) ALL

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 0

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select Branch 
------------------------------------------------------------
 ...
 10) 2017.07+fslc
 11) 2017.09+fslc
 12) 2017.11+fslc
 ...
 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 12

------------------------------------------------------------
 Supported Boards 
------------------------------------------------------------
 ...
 38) mx7dsabresd
 39) mx7dsabresd_secure
 40) mx7ulp_evk
 ...
 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 39

make[1]: Entering directory '/home/ubuntu/uboot/.cache'
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
  GEN     ./Makefile
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
  SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c
  ...
  
---------------------------------------------------------------
        Congratulations, U-Boot build was successful
---------------------------------------------------------------
 Created files are stored in:
 /home/ubuntu/uboot/build/imx7dsabresd_secure
---------------------------------------------------------------

More details are on wiki page.

5. Build Kernel

  • Create empty directory kernel and navigate to it
  $ mkdir kernel && cd kernel
  • Run build_kernel command and follow the wizard:
  $ build_kernel
  
***********************************************************
*               Linux Kernel Builder                      *
***********************************************************

 For printing all usable options use "build_kernel -h"

[INFO ] Searching Compiler, please wait !
[INFO ] Used Compiler: /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select source repository 
------------------------------------------------------------
 0) http://sw-stash.freescale.net/scm/imx/linux-2.6-imx.git
 1) git://git.freescale.com/imx/linux-imx.git
 2) https://github.com/Freescale/linux-fslc
 3) https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 2

Cloning into '/home/ubuntu/kernel/source'...
...

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select option for git checkout list 
------------------------------------------------------------
 0) BRANCH
 1) TAG
 2) ALL

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 0

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select Branch 
------------------------------------------------------------
 ...
 13) 4.8.x+fslc
 14) 4.9-1.0.x-imx
 15) 4.9.x+fslc
 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 14

------------------------------------------------------------
 Supported Boards 
------------------------------------------------------------
 ...
 232) imx7d-sdb
 233) imx7d-sdb-epdc
 234) imx7d-sdb-gpmi-weim
 ...
 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 232

------------------------------------------------------------
 Add to defcofig 
------------------------------------------------------------
 0) SystemD
 1) open_source_GPU_and_VPU
 2) SystemD+open_source_GPU_and_VPU
 3) Nothing

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 0

make[1]: Entering directory '/home/ubuntu/kernel/.cache'
  HOSTCC  scripts/basic/fixdep
  GEN     ./Makefile
  HOSTCC  scripts/kcon
  ...
  
---------------------------------------------------------------
         Congratulations, Kernel build was successful
---------------------------------------------------------------
 Created files are stored in:
 /home/ubuntu/kernel/build/imx7d-sdb
---------------------------------------------------------------

More details are on wiki page.

6. Build RootFS

  • Create empty directory rootfs and navigate to it
  $ mkdir rootfs && cd rootfs
  • Run build_rootfs command and follow the wizard:
  $ sudo build_rootfs
  
***********************************************************
*                     RootFS Creator                      *
***********************************************************

 For printing all usable options use "build_rootfs -h"


------------------------------------------------------------
 Select Board 
------------------------------------------------------------
 ...
 10) imx6ul-evk
 11) imx6ull-evk
 12) imx7d-sdb

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 12

------------------------------------------------------------
 Select Distribution 
------------------------------------------------------------
 0) debian-jessie
 1) debian-wheezy
 2) ubuntu-zesty
 3) ubuntu-xenial
 4) ubuntu-lucid

 x) Exit
------------------------------------------------------------
Enter: 1

==> Installing debian into /home/ubuntu/rootfs/temp
I: Retrieving InRelease 
...

---------------------------------------------------------------
         Congratulations, RootFS build was successful
---------------------------------------------------------------
 /home/ubuntu/rootfs/build/imx7d-sdb_debian_wheezy_rootfs.tar.gz
---------------------------------------------------------------

More details are on wiki page.

7. Test generated embedded Linux OS

TODO

8. Create SD Card Image (optional)

  • Create empty directory for image build and navigate to it
  $ mkdir rootfs && cd rootfs
  • Create required subdirectories
  $ build_image -i
  • Copy u-boot, kernel and rootfs into created subdirectories
  $ cp ../uboot/build/imx7dsabresd/u-boot.imx uboot/
  $ cp ../kernel/build/imx7d-sdb/zImage kernel/
  $ cp ../kernel/build/imx7d-sdb/*.dtb kernel/
  $ cp ../kernel/build/imx7d-sdb/rootfs/* rootfs/mydata/
  $ cp ../rootfs/ rootfs/
  • Run build_image command for building SD Card image
  $ sudo build_image 

************************************************************
*                   SD Card Image Creator                  *
************************************************************

 For printing all usable options use "build_image -h"


[INFO] Calculating the Image size ..................... Done
[INFO] Creating empty sdcard.img file ................. Done
[INFO] Creating MBR and partitions in sdcard.img ...... Done
[INFO] Copy u-boot into sdcard.img .................... Done
[INFO] Format FAT16 partition and copy Kernel + DTS ... Done
[INFO] Format EXT4  partition and copy rootfs data .... Done

------------------------------------------------------------
     Congratulations, SD Card image successfully created
------------------------------------------------------------
 Name: sdcard.img | Size: 829 MB | Free: 200 MB
------------------------------------------------------------

More details are on wiki page.

Write image into sdcard with dd command inside VM:
  $ sudo dd if=sdcard.img of=/dev/mmcblk0
Write image into sdcard with Win32 Disk Imager inside Windows OS:
  • copy generated from VM into shared directory on PC
  $ sudo cp sdcard.img /vagrant

...