diff --git a/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/dune b/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/dune
index 39101c5b..2e67919c 100644
--- a/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/dune
+++ b/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/dune
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 (cram
  (package ortac-qcheck-stm)
  (deps
-  (package ortac-core)))
+  (package ortac-core)
+  (package ortac-qcheck-stm)))
 
 (rule
  (target all_warnings_errors)
diff --git a/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/test_errors.t b/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/test_errors.t
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e3542b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/qcheck-stm/test/test_errors.t
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+In this file, we test the different ways to make the `ortac qcheck-stm`
+command-line fail.
+
+We can make a syntax error in either the expression for the `init` function, or
+in the type declaration for the sytem under test:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > val make : 'a -> 'a t
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "" "int t"
+  Error: `' is not a well formed OCaml expression.
+  
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" ""
+  Error: `' is not a well formed type expression.
+  
+We can give a type that does not exist in the module as the system under test:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "()" "ty"
+  Error: Type `ty' is not declared in the module.
+  
+We can forget to instatiate the type parameter of the system under test:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > val make : 'a -> 'a t
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "'a t"
+  Error: Type parameter `'a' should be instantiated.
+  
+We can forget to specify the type of the system under test:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "int t"
+  File "foo.mli", line 1, characters 0-9:
+  Error: The type `t' given for the system under test is not specified.
+  
+Or specify it without any model:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ ephemeral *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "int t"
+  File "foo.mli", line 2, characters 3-14:
+  Error: The type `t' given for the system under test has no models.
+  
+We can give a non-existing function for `init_state`:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "int t"
+  Error: Function `make' is not declared in the module.
+  
+We can forget to specify the function used for the `init_state` function:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a list *)
+  > val make : 'a -> 'a t
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "int t"
+  File "foo.mli", line 3, characters 0-21:
+  Error: The function `make' used for `init_state` is not approriately specified.
+  
+Or specify it in a manner that does not allow to deduce the value of `state`:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a list *)
+  > val make : 'a -> 'a t
+  > (*@ t = make a
+  >     requires true *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "int t"
+  File "foo.mli", line 4, characters 3-33:
+  Error: The function ` t = make a
+      requires true ' used for `init_state` is not approriately specified.
+  
+Or we van give a function that does not return the type of the system under test:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a *)
+  > val make : int -> unit
+  > (*@ make i
+  >     modifies () *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42" "int t"
+  File "foo.mli", line 3, characters 0-109:
+  Error: The function `make' used for `init_state` does not return `sut`.
+  
+We are expected to give a function call as expression for the `init_state` function:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "42" "int t"
+  Error: The expression `42
+  ' given for `init_state` is not a function call.
+  
+It also does not support qualified names:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "Bar.make 42" "int t"
+  Error: Qualified name (`Bar.make
+  ') is not supported yet for generating `init_state`.
+  
+It checks the number of argument in the function call:
+  $ cat > foo.mli << EOF
+  > type 'a t
+  > (*@ mutable model value : 'a *)
+  > val make : 'a -> 'a t
+  > (*@ t = make a
+  >     ensures t.value = a *)
+  > EOF
+  $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli "make 42 73" "int t"
+  Error: Mismatch number of arguments between `make 42 73
+  ' and the function specification.
+