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draft-netconf-over-quic.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<?xml-model href="rfc7991bis.rnc"?>
<!DOCTYPE rfc [
<!ENTITY nbsp " ">
<!ENTITY zwsp "​">
<!ENTITY nbhy "‑">
<!ENTITY wj "⁠">
]>
<rfc xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" submissionType="IETF" docName="draft-ietf-netconf-over-quic-01" category="std" ipr="trust200902" obsoletes="" updates="" xml:lang="en" symRefs="true" sortRefs="false" tocInclude="true" version="3">
<front>
<title>NETCONF over QUIC</title>
<seriesInfo name="Internet-Draft" value="draft-ietf-netconf-over-quic-01"/>
<author initials="J." surname="Dai" fullname="Jinyou Dai">
<organization abbrev="CICT">China Information Communication Technologies Group.</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<street>Gaoxin 4th Road 6#</street>
<street>Wuhan, Hubei 430079</street>
<country>China</country>
</postal>
<email>djy@fiberhome.com</email>
</address>
</author>
<author initials="S." surname="Yu" fullname="Shaohua Yu">
<organization abbrev="PCL">China PCL.</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<country>China</country>
</postal>
<email>yush@cae.cn</email>
</address>
</author>
<author initials="W." surname="Cheng" fullname="Weiqiang Cheng">
<organization abbrev="China Mobile">China Mobile</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<country>China</country>
</postal>
<email>chengweiqiang@chinamobile.com</email>
</address>
</author>
<author initials="M." surname="Blanchet" fullname="Marc Blanchet">
<organization abbrev="Viagenie">Viagenie</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<country>Canada</country>
</postal>
<email>marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca</email>
</address>
</author>
<author initials="P." surname="Andersson" fullname="Per Andersson">
<organization>Cisco systems</organization>
<address>
<postal>
<country>Sweden</country>
</postal>
<email>per.ietf@ionio.se</email>
</address>
</author>
<date year="2024"/>
<abstract>
<t>This document specifies how to use QUIC as a secure transport for
exchanging Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) messages. QUIC
provides encryption properties similar to TLS, while eliminating TCP
head-of-line blocking issues and also providing more loss detection and
congestion control than UDP. NETCONF over QUIC has privacy properties
similar to NETCONF over TLS specified in
<xref target="I-D.ietf-netconf-over-tls13"/>.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<middle>
<section>
<name>Introduction</name>
<t>The Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) <xref target="RFC6241" format="default"/> defines a mechanism through which the configuration of network devices can be installed, manipulated, and deleted.</t>
<t>NETCONF can be conceptually partitioned into four layers: content, operation, message and security transport layers.</t>
<t>The Secure Transport layer provides a communication path between the client and server. NETCONF can be layered over any transport protocol that provides a set of basic requirements, such as:</t>
<ol>
<li>NETCONF is connection-oriented, requiring a persistent connection between peers. This connection MUST provide reliabl and sequenced data delivery. NETCONF connections are long-lived, persisting between protocol operations.</li>
<li>NETCONF connections MUST provide authentication, data integrity, confidentiality, and replay protection. NETCONF depends on the transport protocol for this capability.</li>
</ol>
<t>The NETCONF protocol is not bound to any particular transport protocol, but allows a mapping to define how it can be implemented over any specific protocol. </t>
<t>However, because of the connection-oriented feature, almost all of the current secure transport protocols used by NETCONF are TCP based. As is well known, TCP has some shortcomings such as head-of-line blocking.</t>
<t>QUIC (<xref target="RFC9000"/><xref target="RFC9001"/>) conforms to the above requirements, therefore is also an appropriate transport protocol for NETCONF. Moreover, QUIC provides the following additional benefits not present in the other NETCONF transports:</t>
<ul>
<li>Single connection can be long lived and support multiple NETCONF RPC calls and responses within the same connection, using streams. This is very useful for a network management control station who is regularly monitoring devices and therefore having a long lived connection requires way less resources on both peers.</li>
<li>1 RTT initial handshake that includes TLS.</li>
<li>Adaptable to more difficult environments such as those with long delays(<xref target="I-D.many-deepspace-ip-assessment"/>, <xref target="I-D.huitema-quic-in-space"/>).</li>
</ul>
<t>Therefore, QUIC is a proper transport protocol for the secure transport layer of NETCONF. This document specifies how to use QUIC as the secure transport protocol for NETCONF.</t>
</section>
<section>
<name>Terminology and Definitions</name>
<t>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 <xref target="RFC2119"/>.</t>
</section>
<section>
<name>Connection Management</name>
<section>
<name>Connection establishment</name>
<t>QUIC connections are established as described in <xref target="RFC9000"/>. During connection establishment, NETCONF over QUIC support is indicated by selecting the ALPN token as listed in the IANA section<xref target="IANA"/> in the crypto handshake.</t>
</section>
<section>
<name>Connection Termination</name>
<section>
<name>QUIC Connection Termination Process</name>
<t>The typical QUIC connection termination process is described in <xref target="RFC9000"/></t>
</section>
<section>
<name>Considerations for Connection Termination</name>
<t>When a NETCONF session is implemented based on a QUIC connection, the idle timeout should be set appropriately in order to keep the QUIC connection persistent even if the NETCONF session is idle. In some cases, disabling it may be a possible option.</t>
<t>When a NETCONF server receives a <close-session> request, it will gracefully close the NETCONF session. The server SHOULD close the associated QUIC connection.</t>
<t>When a NETCONF entity receives a <kill-session> request for an open session, it SHOULD close the associated QUIC connection.</t>
<t>When a NETCONF entity is detecting the interruption of the QUIC connection, it SHOULD send a <close-session> request to the peer NETCONF entity.</t>
<t>When a stateless reset event occurs, nothing needs to be done by either the client or the server.</t>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<name>Stream mapping and usage</name>
<t><xref target="RFC6241"/> specifies protocol layers of NETCONF as shown below.</t>
<figure anchor="netconf-protocol-layers-figure">
<name>NETCONF Protocol Layers</name>
<artwork name="" type="" align="left" alt=""><![CDATA[
Layer Example
+-------------+ +-----------------+ +----------------+
(4) | Content | | Configuration | | Notification |
| | | data | | data |
+-------------+ +-----------------+ +----------------+
| | |
+-------------+ +-----------------+ |
(3) | Operations | | <edit-config> | |
| | | | |
+-------------+ +-----------------+ |
| | |
+-------------+ +-----------------+ +----------------+
(2) | Messages | | <rpc>, | | <notification> |
| | | <rpc-reply> | | |
+-------------+ +-----------------+ +----------------+
| | |
+-------------+ +-----------------------------------------+
(1) | Secure | | SSH, TLS, BEEP/TLS, SOAP/HTTP/TLS, ... |
| Transport | | |
+-------------+ +-----------------------------------------+
]]></artwork>
</figure>
<t><xref target="netconf-protocol-layers-figure"/> shows that there are two kinds of main data flow exchanged between client and server:</t>
<ul>
<li>Configuration data from client to server.</li>
<li>Notification data from server to client.</li>
</ul>
<t>The two kinds of data flow need to be mapped into QUIC streams.</t>
<t>QUIC Streams provide a lightweight, ordered byte-stream abstraction to an application. Streams can be unidirectional or bidirectional meanwhile streams can be initiated by either the client or the server. Unidirectional streams carry data in one direction: from the initiator of the stream to its peer. Bidirectional streams allow for data to be sent in both directions.</t>
<t>QUIC uses Stream ID to identify the stream. The least significant bit (0x1) of the stream ID identifies the initiator of the stream. The second least significant bit (0x2) of the stream ID distinguishes between bidirectional streams (with the bit set to 0) and unidirectional streams. Table 1 describes the four types of streams and this table can also be seen from <xref target="RFC9000"/>.</t>
<table anchor="tab-stream-id-types" align="center">
<name>Stream ID Types</name>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left"> Bits</th>
<th align="left"> Stream Type</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left">0x0</td>
<td align="left">Client-Initiated, Bidirectional</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">0x1</td>
<td align="left">Server-Initiated, Bidirectional</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">0x2</td>
<td align="left">Client-Initiated, Unidirectional</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">0x3</td>
<td align="left">Server-Initiated, Unidirectional</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<section>
<name>Bidirectional Stream Between client and server</name>
<t>NETCONF protocol uses an RPC-based communication model. So, the configuration data from client to server is exchanged based on '<rpc>' (the server initiating) and '<rpc-reply>' (sent by the server) and so on. So the messages used to exchange configuration data MUST be mapped into one or more bidirectional stream whose stream type is 0x0 according to the above table.</t>
</section>
<section>
<name>Unidirectional Stream from server to client</name>
<t>There are some notification data exchanged between the client and the server. Notification is an server initiated message indicating that a certain event has been recognized by the server.</t>
<t>Notification messages are initiated by the server and no reply is needed from the client. So the messages used to exchange configuration data SHOULD be mapped into one unidirectional stream whose stream type is 0x3 according to the above table.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<name>Endpoint Authentication</name>
<section>
<name>Using QUIC Handshake Authentication</name>
<t>NETCONF over QUIC uses QUIC which uses TLS version 1.3 or greater. Therefore, the TLS handshake process can be used for endpoint authentication.</t>
<section>
<name>Using Third-Party Authentication</name>
<t>A third-party authentication mechanism can also be used for endpoint authentication, such as a TLS client certificate.</t>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<name>Security Considerations</name>
<t>The security considerations described throughout <xref target="RFC5246"/> and <xref target="RFC6241"/> apply here as well. This document does not require to support third-party authentication (e.g., backend Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) servers) due to the fact that TLS does not specify this way of authentication and that NETCONF depends on the transport protocol for the authentication service. If third-party authentication is needed, TLS client certificates, BEEP or SSH transport can be used. Especially TLS client certificates are recommended to be used here.</t>
<t>An attacker might be able to inject arbitrary NETCONF messages via some application that does not carefully check exchanged messages deliberately insert the delimiter sequence in a NETCONF message to create a DoS attack. Hence, applications and NETCONF APIs MUST ensure that the delimiter sequence defined in Section 2.1 never appears in NETCONF messages; otherwise, those messages can be dropped, garbled, or misinterpreted.</t>
<t>If invalid data or malformed messages are encountered, a robust implementation of this document MUST silently discard the message without further processing and then stop the NETCONF session.</t>
<t>Finally, this document does not introduce any new security considerations compared to <xref target="RFC6242"/>.</t>
</section>
<section anchor="IANA">
<name>IANA Considerations</name>
<t>This document creates a new registration for the identification of NETCONF over QUIC in the "Application Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) Protocol IDs registry established in <xref target="RFC7301"/>.</t>
<t>The "noq" string identifies NETCONF over QUIC:</t>
<ul>
<li>Protocol: NETCONF over QUIC</li>
<li>Identification Sequence: 0x6e 0x6f 0x71 ("noq")</li>
<li>Specification: This document</li>
</ul>
<t>In addition, it is requested for IANA to reserve a UDP port TBD for 'NETCONF over QUIC'.</t>
</section>
<section>
<name>Acknowledgements</name>
<t>The authors would like to acknowledge all contributors including Huaimo Chen, Lifen Zhou et al. for their beneficial comments.</t>
</section>
</middle>
<back>
<references>
<name>References</name>
<references>
<name>Normative References</name>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.2119.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.6241.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.9000.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.9001.xml"/>
</references>
<references>
<name>Informative References</name>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.5246.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.6242.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.7301.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml3/reference.I-D.ietf-netconf-over-tls13.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml3/reference.I-D.many-deepspace-ip-assessment.xml"/>
<xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml3/reference.I-D.huitema-quic-in-space.xml"/>
</references>
</references>
</back>
</rfc>