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Cow - Developer Guide

1. Setting up

1.1. Prerequisites

  1. JDK 9 or later

    ⚠️
    JDK 10 on Windows will fail to run tests in headless mode due to a JavaFX bug. Windows developers are highly recommended to use JDK 9.
  2. IntelliJ IDE

    ℹ️
    IntelliJ by default has Gradle and JavaFx plugins installed.
    Do not disable them. If you have disabled them, go to File > Settings > Plugins to re-enable them.

1.2. Setting up the project in your computer

  1. Fork this repo, and clone the fork to your computer

  2. Open IntelliJ (if you are not in the welcome screen, click File > Close Project to close the existing project dialog first)

  3. Set up the correct JDK version for Gradle

    1. Click Configure > Project Defaults > Project Structure

    2. Click New…​ and find the directory of the JDK

  4. Click Import Project

  5. Locate the build.gradle file and select it. Click OK

  6. Click Open as Project

  7. Click OK to accept the default settings

  8. Open a console and run the command gradlew processResources (Mac/Linux: ./gradlew processResources). It should finish with the BUILD SUCCESSFUL message.
    This will generate all resources required by the application and tests.

  9. Open XmlAdaptedPerson.java and MainWindow.java and check for any code errors

    1. Due to an ongoing issue with some of the newer versions of IntelliJ, code errors may be detected even if the project can be built and run successfully

    2. To resolve this, place your cursor over any of the code section highlighted in red. Press ALT+ENTER, and select Add '--add-modules=…​' to module compiler options for each error

  10. Repeat this for the test folder as well (e.g. check XmlUtilTest.java and HelpWindowTest.java for code errors, and if so, resolve it the same way)

1.3. Verifying the setup

  1. Run the seedu.address.MainApp and try a few commands

  2. Run the tests to ensure they all pass.

1.4. Configurations to do before writing code

1.4.1. Configuring the coding style

This project follows oss-generic coding standards. IntelliJ’s default style is mostly compliant with ours but it uses a different import order from ours. To rectify,

  1. Go to File > Settings…​ (Windows/Linux), or IntelliJ IDEA > Preferences…​ (macOS)

  2. Select Editor > Code Style > Java

  3. Click on the Imports tab to set the order

    • For Class count to use import with '*' and Names count to use static import with '*': Set to 999 to prevent IntelliJ from contracting the import statements

    • For Import Layout: The order is import static all other imports, import java.*, import javax.*, import org.*, import com.*, import all other imports. Add a <blank line> between each import

Optionally, you can follow the UsingCheckstyle.adoc document to configure Intellij to check style-compliance as you write code.

1.4.2. Setting up CI

Set up Travis to perform Continuous Integration (CI) for your fork. See UsingTravis.adoc to learn how to set it up.

After setting up Travis, you can optionally set up coverage reporting for your team fork (see UsingCoveralls.adoc).

ℹ️
Coverage reporting could be useful for a team repository that hosts the final version but it is not that useful for your personal fork.

Optionally, you can set up AppVeyor as a second CI (see UsingAppVeyor.adoc).

ℹ️
Having both Travis and AppVeyor ensures your App works on both Unix-based platforms and Windows-based platforms (Travis is Unix-based and AppVeyor is Windows-based)

1.4.3. Getting started with coding

When you are ready to start coding,

  1. Get some sense of the overall design by reading Section 2.1, “Architecture”.

  2. Take a look at [GetStartedProgramming].

2. Design

2.1. Architecture

Architecture
Figure 1. Architecture Diagram

The Architecture Diagram given above explains the high-level design of the App. Given below is a quick overview of each component.

💡
The .pptx files used to create diagrams in this document can be found in the diagrams folder. To update a diagram, modify the diagram in the pptx file, select the objects of the diagram, and choose Save as picture.

Main has only one class called MainApp. It is responsible for,

  • At app launch: Initializes the components in the correct sequence, and connects them up with each other.

  • At shut down: Shuts down the components and invokes cleanup method where necessary.

Commons represents a collection of classes used by multiple other components. Two of those classes play important roles at the architecture level.

  • EventsCenter : This class (written using Google’s Event Bus library) is used by components to communicate with other components using events (i.e. a form of Event Driven design)

  • LogsCenter : Used by many classes to write log messages to the App’s log file.

The rest of the App consists of four components.

  • UI: The UI of the App.

  • Logic: The command executor.

  • Model: Holds the data of the App in-memory.

  • Storage: Reads data from, and writes data to, the hard disk.

Each of the four components

  • Defines its API in an interface with the same name as the Component.

  • Exposes its functionality using a {Component Name}Manager class.

For example, the Logic component (see the class diagram given below) defines it’s API in the Logic.java interface and exposes its functionality using the LogicManager.java class.

LogicClassDiagram
Figure 2. Class Diagram of the Logic Component

Events-Driven nature of the design

The Sequence Diagram below shows how the components interact for the scenario where the user issues the command delete 1.

SDforDeletePerson
Figure 3. Component interactions for delete 1 command (part 1)
ℹ️
Note how the Model simply raises a AddressBookChangedEvent when the Address Book data are changed, instead of asking the Storage to save the updates to the hard disk.

The diagram below shows how the EventsCenter reacts to that event, which eventually results in the updates being saved to the hard disk and the status bar of the UI being updated to reflect the 'Last Updated' time.

SDforDeletePersonEventHandling
Figure 4. Component interactions for delete 1 command (part 2)
ℹ️
Note how the event is propagated through the EventsCenter to the Storage and UI without Model having to be coupled to either of them. This is an example of how this Event Driven approach helps us reduce direct coupling between components.

The sections below give more details of each component.

2.2. Logic component

LogicClassDiagram
Figure 5. Structure of the Logic Component

API : Logic.java

  1. Logic uses the AppParser class to parse the user command.

  2. AppParser then sends the command to the appropriate module parser.

  3. This results in a Command object which is executed by the LogicManager.

  4. The command execution can affect the Model (e.g. adding a person) and/or raise events.

  5. The result of the command execution is encapsulated as a CommandResult object which is passed back to the Ui.

Given below is the Sequence Diagram for interactions within the Logic component for the execute("contacts delete 1") API call.

DeletePersonSdForLogic
Figure 6. Interactions Inside the Logic Component for the contacts delete 1 Command

2.3. Model component

ModelClassDiagram
Figure 7. Structure of the Model Component

API : Model.java

The Model,

  • stores a UserPref object that represents the user’s preferences.

  • stores the Address Book data.

  • exposes an unmodifiable ObservableList<Person> and ObservableList<Task> that can be 'observed' e.g. the UI can be bound to this list so that the UI automatically updates when the data in the list change.

  • does not depend on any of the other three components.

2.4. Common classes

Classes used by multiple components are in the seedu.addressbook.commons package.

3. Implementation

This section describes some noteworthy details on how certain features are implemented.

3.1. Tasks class

TaskComponentClassDiagram

The Task class consists of list of Tag objects and a Name object, corresponding to the same classes in the Person namespace. It also has two DateTime objects, one for the start date and time and the other for the end date and time of the task.

The DateTime class encapsulates a Java Calendar object to store a date and time. It also includes methods to parse and validate date/time inputs from the user, and methods to return the date or time as a String.

3.2. Listing and finding of tasks

3.2.1. Current Implementation

Listing and finding of tasks is facilitated by ModelManager and displayed through TaskListPanel.

ModelManager implements the following relevant methods:

  • ModelManager#updateFilteredTaskList(Predicate<Task> predicate) — Updates the the internal filteredTasks list with the predicate given. Exposed through the Model interface.

  • ModelManager#getFilteredTaskList() — Returns an unmodifiable view of the internal filteredTasks list that updates with any changes to the baselist. Exposed through the Logic and Model interfaces.

ℹ️
ModelManager#filteredTasks is a JavaFX FilteredList around the unmodifiable list of tasks provided by VersionedAddressBook#getTaskList()).

TaskListPanel is constructed with the JavaFX ObservableList returned by ModelManager#getFilteredTaskList() when the application is started and displays it.

To find specific tasks, the appropriate predicate is passed into ModelManager#updateFilteredTaskList(), which updates the filteredTasks list, propagating the change up to the TaskListPanel display.

Currently, there are 2 use cases where ModelManager#updateFilteredTaskList() is called, examples are given below.

TaskListFindModelSequenceDiagram

Case 1: On application startup or after running tasks list command

ModelManager#updateFilteredTaskList() is called with Model#PREDICATE_SHOW_ALL_TASKS which returns true for all tasks

TaskListLogicSequenceDiagram

Case 2: After running tasks find [KEYWORDS] command

ModelManager#updateFilteredTaskList() is called with NameContainsKeywordsPredicate formed with the keywords provided, which returns true only for tasks with keywords in the name.

TaskFindLogicSequenceDiagram

3.2.2. Design Considerations

The use of ObservableList and FilteredList from JavaFX saves us the trouble of handling task list updates. Under this design, addition, updates and deletion of tasks will only need to interface with VersionedAddressBook, and the lists for display will be updated through JavaFX.

If we were use Java Lists instead, events will need to be raised to update lists stored for display.

3.2.3. Future Enhancements

Currently, users can only search for tasks by name. Additional predicates can be added and exposed via commands to allow users to search by assigned people or dates.

3.3. Undo/Redo feature

3.3.1. Current Implementation

The undo/redo mechanism is facilitated by VersionedAddressBook. It extends AddressBook with an undo/redo history, stored internally as an addressBookStateList and currentStatePointer. Additionally, it implements the following operations:

  • VersionedAddressBook#commit() — Saves the current address book state in its history.

  • VersionedAddressBook#undo() — Restores the previous address book state from its history.

  • VersionedAddressBook#redo() — Restores a previously undone address book state from its history.

These operations are exposed in the Model interface as Model#commitAddressBook(), Model#undoAddressBook() and Model#redoAddressBook() respectively.

Given below is an example usage scenario and how the undo/redo mechanism behaves at each step.

Step 1. The user launches the application for the first time. The VersionedAddressBook will be initialized with the initial address book state, and the currentStatePointer pointing to that single address book state.

UndoRedoStartingStateListDiagram

Step 2. The user executes delete 5 command to delete the 5th person in the address book. The delete command calls Model#commitAddressBook(), causing the modified state of the address book after the delete 5 command executes to be saved in the addressBookStateList, and the currentStatePointer is shifted to the newly inserted address book state.

UndoRedoNewCommand1StateListDiagram

Step 3. The user executes add n/David …​ to add a new person. The add command also calls Model#commitAddressBook(), causing another modified address book state to be saved into the addressBookStateList.

UndoRedoNewCommand2StateListDiagram
ℹ️
If a command fails its execution, it will not call Model#commitAddressBook(), so the address book state will not be saved into the addressBookStateList.

Step 4. The user now decides that adding the person was a mistake, and decides to undo that action by executing the undo command. The undo command will call Model#undoAddressBook(), which will shift the currentStatePointer once to the left, pointing it to the previous address book state, and restores the address book to that state.

UndoRedoExecuteUndoStateListDiagram
ℹ️
If the currentStatePointer is at index 0, pointing to the initial address book state, then there are no previous address book states to restore. The undo command uses Model#canUndoAddressBook() to check if this is the case. If so, it will return an error to the user rather than attempting to perform the undo.

The following sequence diagram shows how the undo operation works:

UndoRedoSequenceDiagram

The redo command does the opposite — it calls Model#redoAddressBook(), which shifts the currentStatePointer once to the right, pointing to the previously undone state, and restores the address book to that state.

ℹ️
If the currentStatePointer is at index addressBookStateList.size() - 1, pointing to the latest address book state, then there are no undone address book states to restore. The redo command uses Model#canRedoAddressBook() to check if this is the case. If so, it will return an error to the user rather than attempting to perform the redo.

Step 5. The user then decides to execute the command list. Commands that do not modify the address book, such as list, will usually not call Model#commitAddressBook(), Model#undoAddressBook() or Model#redoAddressBook(). Thus, the addressBookStateList remains unchanged.

UndoRedoNewCommand3StateListDiagram

Step 6. The user executes clear, which calls Model#commitAddressBook(). Since the currentStatePointer is not pointing at the end of the addressBookStateList, all address book states after the currentStatePointer will be purged. We designed it this way because it no longer makes sense to redo the add n/David …​ command. This is the behavior that most modern desktop applications follow.

UndoRedoNewCommand4StateListDiagram

The following activity diagram summarizes what happens when a user executes a new command:

UndoRedoActivityDiagram

3.3.2. Design Considerations

Aspect: How undo & redo executes
  • Alternative 1 (current choice): Saves the entire address book.

    • Pros: Easy to implement.

    • Cons: May have performance issues in terms of memory usage.

  • Alternative 2: Individual command knows how to undo/redo by itself.

    • Pros: Will use less memory (e.g. for delete, just save the person being deleted).

    • Cons: We must ensure that the implementation of each individual command are correct.

Aspect: Data structure to support the undo/redo commands
  • Alternative 1 (current choice): Use a list to store the history of address book states.

    • Pros: Easy for new Computer Science student undergraduates to understand, who are likely to be the new incoming developers of our project.

    • Cons: Logic is duplicated twice. For example, when a new command is executed, we must remember to update both HistoryManager and VersionedAddressBook.

  • Alternative 2: Use HistoryManager for undo/redo

    • Pros: We do not need to maintain a separate list, and just reuse what is already in the codebase.

    • Cons: Requires dealing with commands that have already been undone: We must remember to skip these commands. Violates Single Responsibility Principle and Separation of Concerns as HistoryManager now needs to do two different things.

3.4. Calendar show feature

3.4.1. Current Implementation

The calendar show feature is facilitated by the ModelManager. It extends ModelManager with a calendar panel that allows the user to more easily view the tasks.

It exposes the following operations via the Model interface:

  • Model#updateCalendarMonth() — Saves the given calendar that encapsulates the month to be displayed in the calendar panel.

  • Model#getCalendarMonth() — Returns an ObservableValue<Calendar> for the calendar panel to identify which weekday the month begins with.

  • Model#updateCalendarTaskList() — Updates the model with a predicate to filter the tasks that should be displayed in the calendar.

  • Model#getCalendarTaskList() — Returns an ObservableList<Task> for the calendar panel to display.

Given below is an example usage scenario and how the calendar show mechanism behaves at each step.

Step 1. The user launches the application. The MainWindow class calls Model#getCalendarMonth() and Model#getCalendarTaskList() when creating the calendar panel. This initialises the calendar panel with an ObservableList<Task> and ObservableValue<Calendar> to allow it to perform UI updates when necessary.

Step 2. The calendar panel constructs a GridPane and initialises the cells with empty containers.

Step 3. The calendar panel registers listeners to both the ObservableList<Task> and ObservableValue<Calendar> with a task that would empty grid cells and repopulate them with ListView elements that display the tasks starting on the corresponding dates.

Step 4. The user creates any number of tasks with start date in January 2018. The tasks will be stored appropriately.

Step 5. The user executes calendars show y/2018 m/1. The calendars show command calls Model#updateCalendarMonth() and Model#updateCalendarTaskList(), listeners in the calendar panel to be notified of the changes.

3.4.2. Design Considerations

Aspect: Where to filter tasks by month for displaying in the calendar.
  • Alternative 1 (current choice): Done in the model

    • Pros: Application logic does not reside in the view layer.

    • Cons: Repeated filtering at multiple steps. Tasks are duplicated in two data lists.

  • Alternative 2: Calendar object representing current month and full task list passed to calendar pane, all filter operations done in the calendar pane.

    • Pros: Less data duplication.

    • Cons: Poorer separation of concerns, less modularity.

Aspect: Construction of grid cell list view.
  • Alternative 1 (current choice): Delete and regenerate ListView elements each time the moth is changed

    • Pros: Ease of implementation, especially since GridPane does not support random access.

    • Cons: Poorer performance, although this is likely insignificant since number of elements to be created/deleted is small.

  • Alternative 2: Create and store ListView containers and reuse them.

    • Pros: Better performance, since deleting and recreating them incurs some computational cost.

    • Cons: Requires creating an auxillary data structure to store the elements to get around deficiencies in the GridPane API.

3.5. [Proposed] Data Encryption

{Explain here how the data encryption feature will be implemented}

3.6. Logging

We are using java.util.logging package for logging. The LogsCenter class is used to manage the logging levels and logging destinations.

  • The logging level can be controlled using the logLevel setting in the configuration file (See Section 3.7, “Configuration”)

  • The Logger for a class can be obtained using LogsCenter.getLogger(Class) which will log messages according to the specified logging level

  • Currently log messages are output through: Console and to a .log file.

Logging Levels

  • SEVERE : Critical problem detected which may possibly cause the termination of the application

  • WARNING : Can continue, but with caution

  • INFO : Information showing the noteworthy actions by the App

  • FINE : Details that is not usually noteworthy but may be useful in debugging e.g. print the actual list instead of just its size

3.7. Configuration

Certain properties of the application can be controlled (e.g App name, logging level) through the configuration file (default: config.json).

3.8. Editing and Deleting Tasks

The code for editing and deleting tasks is actually pretty similar to how it is implemented for persons. This is a combination of adding support for two additional commands: tasks edit and tasks delete inside TasksParser, defining EditCommand and DeleteCommand themselves, and finally, adding void updateTask(Task target, Task editedTask); and void deleteTask(Task target); in the Model interface, and implementing them in the ModelManager class.

After any task is updated/deleted, indicateAddressBookChanged() is called to fire off the event such that the UI is updated.

To explain more clearly, you can see below a diagram of what happens when the user asked the program to edit a task:

EditCommandParser

EditCommand

3.9. Assigning tasks and contacts

3.9.1. Current implementation

Tasks and contacts can be assigned to each other using the commands tasks assign and contacts assign. This many-to-many relationship is stored simply as a list of task IDs and person IDs in the Person and Task classes respectively.

The commands are parsed by AssignCommand in both TasksParser and ContactsParser. If both the specified task and contact are found, the task and person IDs will be added to Person.taskIds and Task.personIds respectively, and the edited objects will be saved to disk. As happens when the edit commands are run, indicateAddressBookChanged() is called to update the UI. The data flow is similar to the one for EditCommand in the previous section.

An alternative implementation that was considered was to model the many-to-many relationship using an Assignment class, which will act like a join table in relational databases. This would have slightly decoupled the Person and Task classes. However, we chose not to implement it this way as a Person will always be assigned to a Task, and also because implementing such a relationship with manually managed IDs is extremely complex without a relational database to abstract away the complexity.

3.9.2. Future Enhancements

Both implementations of AssignCommand are almost identical, and should be refactored.

Currently, assignments cannot be removed. The commands that will perform this task, tasks unassign and contacts unassign, are both slated to be implemented in v1.3.

4. Documentation

We use asciidoc for writing documentation.

ℹ️
We chose asciidoc over Markdown because asciidoc, although a bit more complex than Markdown, provides more flexibility in formatting.

4.1. Editing Documentation

See UsingGradle.adoc to learn how to render .adoc files locally to preview the end result of your edits. Alternatively, you can download the AsciiDoc plugin for IntelliJ, which allows you to preview the changes you have made to your .adoc files in real-time.

4.2. Publishing Documentation

See UsingTravis.adoc to learn how to deploy GitHub Pages using Travis.

4.3. Converting Documentation to PDF format

We use Google Chrome for converting documentation to PDF format, as Chrome’s PDF engine preserves hyperlinks used in webpages.

Here are the steps to convert the project documentation files to PDF format.

  1. Follow the instructions in UsingGradle.adoc to convert the AsciiDoc files in the docs/ directory to HTML format.

  2. Go to your generated HTML files in the build/docs folder, right click on them and select Open withGoogle Chrome.

  3. Within Chrome, click on the Print option in Chrome’s menu.

  4. Set the destination to Save as PDF, then click Save to save a copy of the file in PDF format. For best results, use the settings indicated in the screenshot below.

chrome save as pdf
Figure 8. Saving documentation as PDF files in Chrome

4.4. Site-wide Documentation Settings

The build.gradle file specifies some project-specific asciidoc attributes which affects how all documentation files within this project are rendered.

💡
Attributes left unset in the build.gradle file will use their default value, if any.
Table 1. List of site-wide attributes
Attribute name Description Default value

site-name

The name of the website. If set, the name will be displayed near the top of the page.

not set

site-githuburl

URL to the site’s repository on GitHub. Setting this will add a "View on GitHub" link in the navigation bar.

not set

site-seedu

Define this attribute if the project is an official SE-EDU project. This will render the SE-EDU navigation bar at the top of the page, and add some SE-EDU-specific navigation items.

not set

4.5. Per-file Documentation Settings

Each .adoc file may also specify some file-specific asciidoc attributes which affects how the file is rendered.

Asciidoctor’s built-in attributes may be specified and used as well.

💡
Attributes left unset in .adoc files will use their default value, if any.
Table 2. List of per-file attributes, excluding Asciidoctor’s built-in attributes
Attribute name Description Default value

site-section

Site section that the document belongs to. This will cause the associated item in the navigation bar to be highlighted. One of: UserGuide, DeveloperGuide, LearningOutcomes*, AboutUs, ContactUs

* Official SE-EDU projects only

not set

no-site-header

Set this attribute to remove the site navigation bar.

not set

4.6. Site Template

The files in docs/stylesheets are the CSS stylesheets of the site. You can modify them to change some properties of the site’s design.

The files in docs/templates controls the rendering of .adoc files into HTML5. These template files are written in a mixture of Ruby and Slim.

⚠️

Modifying the template files in docs/templates requires some knowledge and experience with Ruby and Asciidoctor’s API. You should only modify them if you need greater control over the site’s layout than what stylesheets can provide. The SE-EDU team does not provide support for modified template files.

5. Testing

5.1. Running Tests

There are three ways to run tests.

💡
The most reliable way to run tests is the 3rd one. The first two methods might fail some GUI tests due to platform/resolution-specific idiosyncrasies.

Method 1: Using IntelliJ JUnit test runner

  • To run all tests, right-click on the src/test/java folder and choose Run 'All Tests'

  • To run a subset of tests, you can right-click on a test package, test class, or a test and choose Run 'ABC'

Method 2: Using Gradle

  • Open a console and run the command gradlew clean allTests (Mac/Linux: ./gradlew clean allTests)

ℹ️
See UsingGradle.adoc for more info on how to run tests using Gradle.

Method 3: Using Gradle (headless)

Thanks to the TestFX library we use, our GUI tests can be run in the headless mode. In the headless mode, GUI tests do not show up on the screen. That means the developer can do other things on the Computer while the tests are running.

To run tests in headless mode, open a console and run the command gradlew clean headless allTests (Mac/Linux: ./gradlew clean headless allTests)

5.2. Types of tests

We have two types of tests:

  1. GUI Tests - These are tests involving the GUI. They include,

    1. System Tests that test the entire App by simulating user actions on the GUI. These are in the systemtests package.

    2. Unit tests that test the individual components. These are in seedu.address.ui package.

  2. Non-GUI Tests - These are tests not involving the GUI. They include,

    1. Unit tests targeting the lowest level methods/classes.
      e.g. seedu.address.commons.StringUtilTest

    2. Integration tests that are checking the integration of multiple code units (those code units are assumed to be working).
      e.g. seedu.address.storage.StorageManagerTest

    3. Hybrids of unit and integration tests. These test are checking multiple code units as well as how the are connected together.
      e.g. seedu.address.logic.LogicManagerTest

5.3. Troubleshooting Testing

Problem: HelpWindowTest fails with a NullPointerException.

  • Reason: One of its dependencies, HelpWindow.html in src/main/resources/docs is missing.

  • Solution: Execute Gradle task processResources.

6. Dev Ops

6.1. Build Automation

See UsingGradle.adoc to learn how to use Gradle for build automation.

6.2. Continuous Integration

We use Travis CI and AppVeyor to perform Continuous Integration on our projects. See UsingTravis.adoc and UsingAppVeyor.adoc for more details.

6.3. Coverage Reporting

We use Coveralls to track the code coverage of our projects. See UsingCoveralls.adoc for more details.

6.4. Documentation Previews

When a pull request has changes to asciidoc files, you can use Netlify to see a preview of how the HTML version of those asciidoc files will look like when the pull request is merged. See UsingNetlify.adoc for more details.

6.5. Making a Release

Here are the steps to create a new release.

  1. Update the version number in MainApp.java.

  2. Generate a JAR file using Gradle.

  3. Tag the repo with the version number. e.g. v0.1

  4. Create a new release using GitHub and upload the JAR file you created.

6.6. Managing Dependencies

A project often depends on third-party libraries. For example, Address Book depends on the Jackson library for XML parsing. Managing these dependencies can be automated using Gradle. For example, Gradle can download the dependencies automatically, which is better than these alternatives.
a. Include those libraries in the repo (this bloats the repo size)
b. Require developers to download those libraries manually (this creates extra work for developers)

Appendix A: Product Scope

Target User: NUS Computing students doing group projects

Target user profile: - is a student managing a project with multiple team members - has a need to manage a significant number of contacts - has a need to manage a significant number of tasks - prefer desktop apps over other types - can type fast - prefers typing over mouse input - is reasonably comfortable using CLI apps

Value proposition: manage tasks faster than a typical mouse/GUI driven app

Appendix B: User Stories

Priorities: High (must have) - * * , Medium (nice to have) - , Low (unlikely to have) -

Priority As a… I want to… So that I can…

* * *

user

CRUD Tasks

* * *

existing user

be alerted to tasks near their deadline

will not miss any of them and delay the completion of the project or face any other consequences

* * *

existing user

assign other tasks to people

I can track who’s supposed to complete them and notify them (by email) that they are supposed to complete the task

* * *

existing user

see an overview of all tasks and people assigned

so that I can quickly get a sense of the state of my project and tasks

* * *

existing user

sort the overview

* * *

existing user

see the tasks assigned to each person

I know what they’re supposed to do

* * *

existing user

group tasks according to categories/tags

manage a larger number of tasks easily

* *

user

send email notifications to people I assigned tasks to

send updates/reminders

* *

user

see notifications on other messaging platforms

conveniently view my tasks

* *

user

see all tasks in a visual manner

* *

user

see milestones visualised using a calendar

* *

user

view team members’ calendars and share my own

coordinate meetings and track progress

* *

user

track the extent of others’ involvement in each task

ensure that irresponsible do not get undue credit

* *

user

use this product as a web app

easily access my tasks/work on all platforms

* *

user

recurring tasks

need not to re-create recurring tasks

* *

user

Autocomplete when typing tags

find tags faster

* *

user

vim-mode CLI

use the app more efficiently

* *

user

emacs-mode CLI

use the app more efficiently

*

a self-respecting computing user

open a window that traces each line of code that is executed when I perform an action

Appendix C: Use cases

C.1. Create a contact

MSS

  1. User requests to add person, together with all the attributes

  2. Cow adds that person to the contacts. Use case ends

Extensions

  • 1a. Invalid attribute provided

    • 1a1. Cow shows an error message.

      Use case ends

C.2. Read contacts

  1. User requests to list persons

  2. Cow shows a list of persons

    Use case ends

C.3. Update a contact

MSS

  1. User requests to list persons

  2. Cow shows a list of persons

  3. User requests to update a specific person in the list, together with the new attributes

  4. Cow updates the person with the given attribute

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 2a. The list is empty.

    Use case ends

  • 3a. The given index is invalid.

    • 3a1. AddressBook shows an error message.

      Use case resumes at step 2

  • 3a. Invalid attribute provided

    • 3a1. Cow shows an error message.

      Use case resumes at step 2

C.4. Delete a contact

MSS

  1. User requests to list persons

  2. Cow shows a list of persons

  3. User requests to delete a specific person in the list

  4. Cow deletes the person

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 2a. The list is empty.

    Use case ends

  • 3a. The given index is invalid.

    • 3a1. AddressBook shows an error message.

      Use case resumes at step 2

C.5. Create a task

MSS

  1. User requests to add task, together with all the attributes

  2. Cow adds that task.

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 1a. Invalid attribute provided

    • 1a1. Cow shows an error message.

      Use case ends

C.6. Read tasks

  1. User requests to list tasks

  2. Cow shows a list of tasks

    Use case ends

C.7. Update a task

MSS

  1. User requests to list tasks

  2. Cow shows a list of tasks

  3. User requests to update a specific task in the list, together with the new attributes

  4. Cow updates the task with the given attribute

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 2a. The list if empty Use case ends

  • 3a. The given index is invalid.

    • 3a1. AddressBook shows an error message.

      Use case resumes at step 2

  • 3a. Invalid attribute provided

    • 3a1. Cow shows an error message.

      Use case resumes at step 2

C.8. Delete a task

MSS

  1. User requests to list tasks

  2. Cow shows a list of tasks

  3. User requests to delete a specific task in the list

  4. Cow deletes the task

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 2a. The list is empty.

    Use case ends

  • 3a. The given index is invalid.

    • 3a1. AddressBook shows an error message.

      Use case resumes at step 2

C.9. Assign people to tasks

MSS

  1. Create a task

  2. Assign people to task

  3. Email people involved about the task

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 3a. Email could not be sent.

    • 3a1. Cow shows an error message.

      Use case ends

C.10. Remove person from all tasks

MSS

  1. Find a contact by entering find_contact <contact_name>

  2. View tasks assigned to the contact

  3. Unassign contact from all tasks by entering unassign_contact <contact_id> <task_id>

  4. Assign new contact to all tasks by entering unassign_contact <contact_id> <task_id>.

  5. Use case ends

C.11. View calendar

MSS

  1. Enter command to open calendar

  2. See calendar selected

    Use case ends

C.12. List shared calendars

MSS

  1. Enter command to list calendars

  2. See list of all calendars I have access to, including shared calendars

    Use case ends

C.13. Share calendar

MSS

  1. Share calendar with a contact

  2. Recipient would be able to see calendar in Calendar list

    Use case ends

Extensions

  • 1a. Email could not be sent.

    • 1a1. Cow shows an error message.

      Use case ends

Appendix D: Non-Functional Requirements

  • Disability friendly

    • colour scheme

    • compatibility with screen readers

    • on-screen keyboard

  • Infinitely scaleable (serverless backend on AWS Lambda-equivalent)

  • Support alternative (better, faster) forms of storage

  • Should work on any mainstream OS as long as it has Java 9 or higher installed.

  • Advanced analytics on tasks for work efficiency insights

  • Remove all \(n+1\) queries and \(\geq O(n)\) lookups

Appendix E: Glossary

  • Mainstream OS

    • Windows, Linux, Unix, OS-X

  • Tasks

    • Text describing work to be done, may be attached to one or more contacts

  • Alternative storage

    • Local/Remote databses

  • Contact

    • Represents a person, with name, email, etc.

Appendix F: Product survey

  • GitHub/GitLab/Bitbucket Issues

  • Bugzilla

  • Jira

  • Launchpad

  • Asana

  • Trello

  • Pen and paper

  • Email

  • Orgmode

Appendix G: Division of the labour force

  • Jolene: Contact transfer & Tasks Add

    • v1.1: Create basic task addition

    • v1.2: Change existing contacts commands to fit CowBae

    • v1.3: Refine task format

  • Julius: Tasks Edit Delete

    • v1.1: Delete

    • v1.2: Edit

    • v1.3: Batch delete

  • John: Tasks List Find

    • v1.1: Add task GUI & task list

    • v1.2: Task Find

    • v1.3: Pagination

  • Shaowei: Calendar Show

    • v1.1: Draw a grid with date numbers

    • v1.2: Fill in grid with contents

    • v1.3: Nice formatting

  • E-Liang: Assign Unassign

    • v1.1: Contacts Assign

    • v1.2: Task assign

    • v1.3: Task unassign, contacts unassign

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