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draft-ietf-oauth-cross-device-security.md

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@@ -884,8 +884,7 @@ A number of protocols that enable cross-device flows that are susceptible to Cro
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It is RECOMMENDED that one or more of the mitigations are applied whenever implementing a cross-device flow. Every mitigation provides an additional layer of security that makes it harder to initiate the attack, disrupts attacks in progress or reduces the impact of a successful attack.
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### Establish Proximity {#establish-proximity}
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The unauthenticated channel between the Consumption Device and Authorization Device allows attackers to obtain a QR code or user code in one location and display it in another location. Consequently, proximity-enforced cross-device flows are more resistant to Cross-Device Consent Phishing attacks than proximity-less cross-device flows.
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Establishing proximity between the location of the Consumption Device and the Authorization Device limits an attacker's ability to launch attacks by sending the user or QR codes to large numbers of users that are geographically distributed. Note that the authorization server typically cannot directly determine whether the Consumption Device and Authorization Device are physically close to each other. Instead, it must rely on the surrounding systems, protocols in use, device capabilities, or information it obtains from other systems to establish or verify proximity. The authorization server can validate information it receives, but it cannot independently measure or enforce proximity on its own. There are a number of ways to establish proximity:
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The unauthenticated channel between the Consumption Device and Authorization Device allows attackers to obtain a QR code or user code in one location and display it in another location. Consequently, proximity-enforced cross-device flows are more resistant to Cross-Device Consent Phishing attacks than proximity-less cross-device flows. Establishing proximity between the location of the Consumption Device and the Authorization Device limits an attacker's ability to launch attacks by sending the user or QR codes to large numbers of users that are geographically distributed. Note that the authorization server typically cannot directly determine whether the Consumption Device and Authorization Device are physically close to each other. Instead, it must rely on the surrounding systems, protocols in use, device capabilities, or information it obtains from other systems to establish or verify proximity. The authorization server can validate information it receives, but it cannot independently measure or enforce proximity on its own. There are a number of ways to establish proximity:
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- Physical connectivity: This is a good indicator of proximity, but requires specific ports, cables and hardware and may be challenging from a user experience perspective or may not be possible in certain settings (e.g., when USB ports are blocked or removed for security purposes). Physical connectivity may be better suited to dedicated hardware like FIDO devices that can be used with protocols that are resistant to the exploits described in this document.
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