diff --git a/.github/workflows/scoped-test.yaml b/.github/workflows/scoped-test.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0a525de6d64d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/scoped-test.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+name: scoped-test
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ main ]
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
+
+jobs:
+  changedfiles:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: ${{ github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]' }}
+    outputs:
+      go_sources: ${{ steps.changed-files.outputs.sources_all_changed_files }}
+      go_tests: ${{ steps.changed-files.outputs.tests_all_changed_files }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Get changed go files
+        id: changed-files
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v45
+        with:
+          files_yaml: |
+            sources:
+              - '**/*.go'
+              - '!**/*_test.go'
+            tests:
+              - '**/*_test.go'
+
+  scoped-tests:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ windows-latest ]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    needs: changedfiles
+    steps:
+      - name: Echo changed files
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          echo "go_sources: ${{ needs.changedfiles.outputs.go_sources }}"
+          echo "go_tests: ${{ needs.changedfiles.outputs.go_tests }}"
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.22.8"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Try to restore go-cache
+        id: go-cache
+        timeout-minutes: 25
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/go/bin
+            ~/go/pkg/mod
+            ./.tools
+          key: go-cache-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+
+      - name: Run changed tests
+        if: needs.changedfiles.outputs.go_tests
+        env:
+          CHANGED_GOLANG_TESTS: ${{ needs.changedfiles.outputs.go_tests }}
+        run: |
+          make run-changed-tests
+
+      - name: Run tests on dependent components
+        if: needs.changedfiles.outputs.go_sources
+        env:
+          CHANGED_GOLANG_SOURCES: ${{ needs.changedfiles.outputs.go_sources }}
+        run: |
+          make for-affected-components CMD="make test"
diff --git a/Makefile.Common b/Makefile.Common
index 81b7a0a3ed5a..021a39c847b7 100644
--- a/Makefile.Common
+++ b/Makefile.Common
@@ -266,3 +266,43 @@ testifylint-fix:
 gci: $(TOOLS_BIN_DIR)/gci
 	@echo "running $(GCI)"
 	@$(GCI) write -s standard -s default -s "prefix(github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib)" $(ALL_SRC_AND_DOC)
+
+CHANGED_GOLANG_SOURCES?=$(shell git diff main --name-only | grep -E '.*\.go$$' | grep -v -E '.*_test\.go$$')
+.PHONY: for-affected-components
+for-affected-components:
+	@echo "Checking for affected components..."
+	@if [ -z '$(CHANGED_GOLANG_SOURCES)' ]; then \
+		echo "No go source changes detected in shippable code."; \
+	else \
+		cd $(SRC_ROOT); \
+		DEPENDENT_PKGS=$$(echo $(CHANGED_GOLANG_SOURCES) | xargs sed -n 's|^package .* // import "\(.*\)"$$|\1|p' | uniq); \
+		if [ -z '$${DEPENDENT_PKGS}' ]; then \
+			echo "No other package depends on the one being changed."; \
+		else \
+			DEPENDENT_PKG_DIRS=$$(echo $${DEPENDENT_PKGS} | tr ' ' '\n' | xargs -I {} grep --include=go.mod -rl {} | xargs dirname | uniq); \
+			set -e; for dir in $$(echo $${DEPENDENT_PKG_DIRS}); do \
+			(cd "$${dir}" && \
+				echo "running $${CMD} in $${dir}" && \
+				$${CMD} ); \
+			done \
+		fi \
+	fi
+
+CHANGED_GOLANG_TESTS?=$(shell git diff main --name-only | grep -E '.*_test\.go$$')
+.PHONY: run-changed-tests
+run-changed-tests:
+	@echo "Checking for affected tests..."
+	@if [ -z '$(CHANGED_GOLANG_TESTS)' ]; then \
+		echo "No go test changes detected."; \
+	else \
+		cd $(SRC_ROOT); \
+		AFFECTED_TEST_DIRS=$$(echo $(CHANGED_GOLANG_TESTS) | tr ' ' '\n' | xargs dirname | uniq); \
+		if [ -z '$${AFFECTED_TEST_DIRS}' ]; then \
+			echo "Failed to find the affected test directories."; \
+		else \
+			set -e; for dir in $$(echo $${AFFECTED_TEST_DIRS}); do \
+			(cd "$${dir}" && \
+				$(GOTESTSUM) $(GOTESTSUM_OPT) --packages="./..." -- $(GOTEST_OPT) ); \
+			done \
+		fi \
+	fi