diff --git a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/analytics/interface.py b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/analytics/interface.py
index fe3cf578..d1f44b8a 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/analytics/interface.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/analytics/interface.py
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def my_analytic(df: pd.DataFrame, x: int = 0, y: float = 0.5)
 from uuid import UUID
 
 from kestrel.analytics.config import get_profile, load_profiles
-from kestrel.display import GraphletExplanation
+from kestrel.display import AnalyticOperation, GraphletExplanation
 from kestrel.exceptions import (
     AnalyticsError,
     InvalidAnalytics,
@@ -156,6 +156,10 @@ def run(self, config: dict) -> DataFrame:
         _logger.debug("python analytics job result:\n%s", df)
         return df
 
+    def get_module_and_func_name(self, config: dict) -> str:
+        module_name, func_name = get_profile(self.analytic, config)
+        return module_name, func_name
+
 
 class PythonAnalyticsInterface(AnalyticsInterface):
     def __init__(
@@ -187,9 +191,20 @@ def store(
     def explain_graph(
         self,
         graph: IRGraphEvaluable,
+        cache: MutableMapping[UUID, Any],
         instructions_to_explain: Optional[Iterable[Instruction]] = None,
     ) -> Mapping[UUID, GraphletExplanation]:
-        raise NotImplementedError("PythonAnalyticsInterface.explain_graph")  # TEMP
+        mapping = {}
+        if not instructions_to_explain:
+            instructions_to_explain = graph.get_sink_nodes()
+        for instruction in instructions_to_explain:
+            dep_graph = graph.duplicate_dependent_subgraph_of_node(instruction)
+            graph_dict = dep_graph.to_dict()
+            job = self._evaluate_instruction_in_graph(graph, cache, instruction)
+            module_name, func_name = job.get_module_and_func_name(self.config)
+            action = AnalyticOperation("Python", module_name + "::" + func_name)
+            mapping[instruction.id] = GraphletExplanation(graph_dict, action)
+        return mapping
 
     def evaluate_graph(
         self,
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/cache/inmemory.py b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/cache/inmemory.py
index 058ae7d9..6a902e8c 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/cache/inmemory.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/cache/inmemory.py
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ def explain_graph(
         instructions_to_explain: Optional[Iterable[Instruction]] = None,
     ) -> Mapping[UUID, GraphletExplanation]:
         mapping = {}
-        if not instructions_to_evaluate:
-            instructions_to_evaluate = graph.get_sink_nodes()
-        for instruction in instructions_to_evaluate:
+        if not instructions_to_explain:
+            instructions_to_explain = graph.get_sink_nodes()
+        for instruction in instructions_to_explain:
             dep_graph = graph.duplicate_dependent_subgraph_of_node(instruction)
             graph_dict = dep_graph.to_dict()
             query = NativeQuery("DataFrame", "")
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/display.py b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/display.py
index 0cc5175a..649e4ed4 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/display.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/display.py
@@ -13,12 +13,20 @@ class NativeQuery(DataClassJSONMixin):
     statement: str
 
 
+@dataclass
+class AnalyticOperation(DataClassJSONMixin):
+    # which interface
+    interface: str
+    # operation description
+    operation: str
+
+
 @dataclass
 class GraphletExplanation(DataClassJSONMixin):
     # serialized IRGraph
     graph: Mapping
     # data source query
-    query: NativeQuery
+    action: Union[NativeQuery, AnalyticOperation]
 
 
 @dataclass
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/ir/graph.py b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/ir/graph.py
index 6e4e2cbb..145e977c 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/ir/graph.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_core/src/kestrel/ir/graph.py
@@ -863,6 +863,12 @@ def _add_node(self, node: Instruction, deref: bool = True) -> Instruction:
                 self.store = node.store
         return super()._add_node(node, deref)
 
+    def to_dict(self) -> Mapping[str, Iterable[Mapping]]:
+        d = super().to_dict()
+        d["interface"] = self.interface
+        d["store"] = self.store
+        return d
+
 
 @typechecked
 class IRGraphSimpleQuery(IRGraphEvaluable):
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_cache_sqlite.py b/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_cache_sqlite.py
index 901cd580..91528c74 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_cache_sqlite.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_cache_sqlite.py
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ def test_explain_find_event_to_entity(process_creation_events):
     assert len(rets) == 1
     explanation = mapping[rets[0].id]
     construct = graph.get_nodes_by_type(Construct)[0]
-    stmt = explanation.query.statement.replace('"', '')
+    stmt = explanation.action.statement.replace('"', '')
     assert stmt == f"""WITH es AS 
 (SELECT DISTINCT * 
 FROM {construct.id.hex}), 
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_session.py b/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_session.py
index ede527d1..0b1b4fc1 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_session.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_core/tests/test_session.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 from kestrel.config.internal import CACHE_INTERFACE_IDENTIFIER
 from kestrel.display import GraphExplanation
 from kestrel.frontend.parser import parse_kestrel_and_update_irgraph
-from kestrel.ir.graph import IRGraph
+from kestrel.ir.graph import IRGraph, IRGraphEvaluable
 from kestrel.ir.instructions import Construct, SerializableDataFrame
 
 
@@ -200,10 +200,10 @@ def test_explain_in_cache():
         assert isinstance(res, GraphExplanation)
         assert len(res.graphlets) == 1
         ge = res.graphlets[0]
-        assert ge.graph == session.irgraph.to_dict()
+        assert ge.graph == IRGraphEvaluable(session.irgraph).to_dict()
         construct = session.irgraph.get_nodes_by_type(Construct)[0]
-        assert ge.query.language == "SQL"
-        stmt = ge.query.statement.replace('"', '')
+        assert ge.action.language == "SQL"
+        stmt = ge.action.statement.replace('"', '')
         assert stmt == f"WITH proclist AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {construct.id.hex}v), \nbrowsers AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM proclist \nWHERE name != 'cmd.exe'), \nchrome AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM browsers \nWHERE pid = 205)\n SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM chrome"
         with pytest.raises(StopIteration):
             next(ress)
@@ -275,28 +275,28 @@ def schemes():
 
         # DISP procs
         assert len(disp.graphlets[0].graph["nodes"]) == 5
-        query = disp.graphlets[0].query.statement.replace('"', '')
+        query = disp.graphlets[0].action.statement.replace('"', '')
         procs = session.irgraph.get_variable("procs")
         c1 = next(session.irgraph.predecessors(procs))
         assert query == f"WITH procs AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {c1.id.hex}), \np2 AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM procs \nWHERE name IN ('firefox.exe', 'chrome.exe'))\n SELECT DISTINCT pid \nFROM p2"
 
         # DISP nt
         assert len(disp.graphlets[1].graph["nodes"]) == 2
-        query = disp.graphlets[1].query.statement.replace('"', '')
+        query = disp.graphlets[1].action.statement.replace('"', '')
         nt = session.irgraph.get_variable("nt")
         c2 = next(session.irgraph.predecessors(nt))
         assert query == f"WITH nt AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {c2.id.hex})\n SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM nt"
 
         # DISP domain
         assert len(disp.graphlets[2].graph["nodes"]) == 2
-        query = disp.graphlets[2].query.statement.replace('"', '')
+        query = disp.graphlets[2].action.statement.replace('"', '')
         domain = session.irgraph.get_variable("domain")
         c3 = next(session.irgraph.predecessors(domain))
         assert query == f"WITH domain AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {c3.id.hex})\n SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM domain"
 
         # EXPLAIN d2
         assert len(disp.graphlets[3].graph["nodes"]) == 11
-        query = disp.graphlets[3].query.statement.replace('"', '')
+        query = disp.graphlets[3].action.statement.replace('"', '')
         p2 = session.irgraph.get_variable("p2")
         p2pa = next(session.irgraph.successors(p2))
         assert query == f"WITH ntx AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {nt.id.hex}v \nWHERE abc IN (SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {p2pa.id.hex}v)), \nd2 AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {domain.id.hex}v \nWHERE ip IN (SELECT DISTINCT destination \nFROM ntx))\n SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM d2"
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ def test_explain_find_event_to_entity(process_creation_events):
         session.irgraph = process_creation_events
         res = session.execute("procs = FIND process RESPONDED es WHERE device.os = 'Linux' EXPLAIN procs")[0]
         construct = session.irgraph.get_nodes_by_type(Construct)[0]
-        stmt = res.graphlets[0].query.statement.replace('"', '')
+        stmt = res.graphlets[0].action.statement.replace('"', '')
         # cache.sql will use "*" as columns for __setitem__ in virtual cache
         # so the result is different from test_cache_sqlite::test_explain_find_event_to_entity
         assert stmt == f"WITH es AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM {construct.id.hex}v), \nprocs AS \n(SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM es \nWHERE device.os = \'Linux\')\n SELECT DISTINCT * \nFROM procs"
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_interface_sqlalchemy/tests/test_interface.py b/packages/kestrel_interface_sqlalchemy/tests/test_interface.py
index 8e113a6e..098c3df6 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_interface_sqlalchemy/tests/test_interface.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_interface_sqlalchemy/tests/test_interface.py
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def test_find_event_to_entity(setup_sqlite_ecs_process_creation):
         evs, explain, procs = session.execute(huntflow)
         assert evs.shape[0] == 9  # all events
 
-        stmt = explain.graphlets[0].query.statement
+        stmt = explain.graphlets[0].action.statement
         test_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
         result_file = os.path.join(test_dir, "result_interface_find_event_to_entity.txt")
         with open(result_file) as h:
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def test_find_entity_to_event(setup_sqlite_ecs_process_creation):
         """
         explain, e2 = session.execute(huntflow)
 
-        stmt = explain.graphlets[0].query.statement
+        stmt = explain.graphlets[0].action.statement
         test_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
         result_file = os.path.join(test_dir, "result_interface_find_entity_to_event.txt")
         with open(result_file) as h:
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ def test_find_entity_to_entity(setup_sqlite_ecs_process_creation):
         """
         explain, parents = session.execute(huntflow)
 
-        stmt = explain.graphlets[0].query.statement
+        stmt = explain.graphlets[0].action.statement
         test_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
         result_file = os.path.join(test_dir, "result_interface_find_entity_to_entity.txt")
         with open(result_file) as h:
diff --git a/packages/kestrel_jupyter/src/kestrel_jupyter_kernel/display.py b/packages/kestrel_jupyter/src/kestrel_jupyter_kernel/display.py
index a979392f..321cf9b8 100644
--- a/packages/kestrel_jupyter/src/kestrel_jupyter_kernel/display.py
+++ b/packages/kestrel_jupyter/src/kestrel_jupyter_kernel/display.py
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import base64
-import tempfile
+from io import BytesIO
+from math import ceil, sqrt
 from typing import Iterable, Mapping
 
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 import networkx as nx
 import numpy
 import sqlparse
-from kestrel.display import Display, GraphExplanation
+from kestrel.display import AnalyticOperation, Display, GraphExplanation, NativeQuery
 from kestrel.ir.graph import IRGraph
 from kestrel.ir.instructions import Construct, DataSource, Instruction, Variable
 from pandas import DataFrame
@@ -39,7 +40,10 @@ def to_html_blocks(d: Display) -> Iterable[str]:
     elif isinstance(d, GraphExplanation):
         for graphlet in d.graphlets:
             graph = IRGraph(graphlet.graph)
-            plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))
+            yield f"<h5>INTERFACE: {graphlet.graph['interface']}; STORE: {graphlet.graph['store']}</h5>"
+
+            fig_side_length = min(10, ceil(sqrt(len(graph))) + 1)
+            plt.figure(figsize=(fig_side_length, fig_side_length))
             nx.draw(
                 graph,
                 with_labels=True,
@@ -48,24 +52,29 @@ def to_html_blocks(d: Display) -> Iterable[str]:
                 node_size=260,
                 node_color="#bfdff5",
             )
-            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete_on_close=False) as tf:
-                tf.close()
-                plt.savefig(tf.name, format="png")
-                with open(tf.name, "rb") as tfx:
-                    data = tfx.read()
-
-            img = data_uri = base64.b64encode(data).decode("utf-8")
+            fig_buffer = BytesIO()
+            plt.savefig(fig_buffer, format="png")
+            img = data_uri = base64.b64encode(fig_buffer.getvalue()).decode("utf-8")
             imgx = f'<img src="data:image/png;base64,{img}">'
             yield imgx
 
-            query = graphlet.query.statement
-            if graphlet.query.language == "SQL":
-                lexer = SqlLexer()
-                query = sqlparse.format(query, reindent=True, keyword_case="upper")
-            elif graphlet.query.language == "KQL":
-                lexer = KustoLexer()
-            else:
-                lexer = guess_lexer(query)
-            query = highlight(query, lexer, HtmlFormatter())
-            style = "<style>" + HtmlFormatter().get_style_defs() + "</style>"
-            yield style + query
+            if isinstance(graphlet.action, NativeQuery):
+                native_query = graphlet.action
+                language = native_query.language
+                query = native_query.statement
+                if language == "SQL":
+                    lexer = SqlLexer()
+                    query = sqlparse.format(query, reindent=True, keyword_case="upper")
+                elif language == "KQL":
+                    lexer = KustoLexer()
+                else:
+                    lexer = guess_lexer(query)
+                query = highlight(query, lexer, HtmlFormatter())
+                style = "<style>" + HtmlFormatter().get_style_defs() + "</style>"
+                yield style + query
+            elif isinstance(graphlet.action, AnalyticOperation):
+                analytic_operation = graphlet.action
+                data = {
+                    "Analytics": [analytic_operation.operation],
+                }
+                yield DataFrame(data).to_html(index=False)