Last version: 2024-09-03
Searchable bibliographic index that displays full text and metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines.
| Name | Google Scholar |
|---|---|
| Website | https://scholar.google.com/ |
| Owner | |
| Owner type | Private company |
| Owner country | USA |
| Launch year | 2004 |
| Scope | Any |
| Number of items | Above 389 million scholarly documents (Michael Gusenbauer, 2018) |
| Access for index users | Free |
| Access for index data providers | Free |
| Documentation | Technical inclusion guidelines: https://scholar.google.com/intl/fr/scholar/inclusion.html Indexing guidelines: https://scholar.google.com/intl/fr/scholar/inclusion.html#indexing |
| Application form for providers | None |
| Content type | Scholarly articles (Journal papers, conference papers, technical reports, or their drafts, dissertations, pre-prints, post-prints, or abstracts) |
|---|---|
| Content language | Any |
| Content geographical provenance | Any |
| Indexing level for publications | Articles |
| Full text | link to the full text when available |
| Index sources | Any website with scholarly articles and proper URL |
| Supported standards | HTML meta tags supporting: Highwire Press tags BE Press tags PRISM tags Dublin Core tags |
| Contact Address for Providers | None |
| Bibliodiversity support | No limitation on the language of the content or the publishing business model |
Additional services:
Google scholar Metrics (visibility and influence of recent articles in scholarly publications): https://scholar.google.com/intl/fr/scholar/metrics.html
Google scholar Profiles (showcase of authors publications): https://scholar.google.com/intl/fr/scholar/citations.html
Google Scholar uses automated software, known as “robots” or “crawlers”, to fetch files for inclusion in the search results. The journal’s website needs to be structured in a way that makes it possible to “crawl” in this manner. Automatic crawlers need to be able to discover and fetch the URLs of all articles, as well as to periodically refresh their content from the journal website.
Data Collection process
Web crawling
Editorial minimum requirements
None.
Technical minimum requirements
Data file format
HTML or PDF
Metadata mandatory fields
For PDF publications:
Title (large font)
Authors (below title)
Bibliographic citation of the paper (in first page footer)
Bibliography (separate section)
For HTML publications (metadata included in metatags of the HTML file):
Title
Authors
Publication date
Bibliographic citation of the paper
Bibliography
SEO/UX requirements
Depending on the number of papers on the website:
If small amount: all articles should be listed on 1 page
If thousands: the website should contain full list of all articles ordered by publication or entry date
If more than 100 000: specific browsing interface with the last updates
If robots.txt is used, the file should be configured to allow GScholar robots crawling