[Native Image] Error: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: Preview features are not enabled for com/MyService (class file version 67.65535). Try running with '--enable-preview'

[patpatpat123]

Describe the Issue

Hello team,

I have a java 23 springboot 3 app, following Alina Yurenko tutorial

The thing is I am using preview features in my code. In my case, I am using structured task scope, which is a feature still in preview in Java 23.

With that said, I did configure the pom to enable preview features, but the build is still failing.

  <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <compilerArguments>--enable-preview</compilerArguments>
                    <image>
                        <builder>paketobuildpacks/builder-noble-java-tiny</builder>
                        <env>
                            <BP_JVM_VERSION>23</BP_JVM_VERSION>
                        </env>
                    </image>
                    <jvmArguments>-agentlib:native-image-agent=config-merge-dir=src/main/resources/META-INF/native-image/ --enable-preview</jvmArguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.graalvm.buildtools</groupId>
                <artifactId>native-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <buildArgs combine.children="append">
                        <buildArg>--enable-preview</buildArg>
                    </buildArgs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>23</source>
                    <target>23</target>
                    <compilerArgs>--enable-preview</compilerArgs>
                </configuration>

Using the latest version of GraalVM can resolve many issues.

• I tried with the latest version of GraalVM.

GraalVM Version

GraalVM 23 - VM 24.1.0 - aarch64

Operating System and Version

Reproducible with Mac Windowns and Linux

Build Command

mvn -Pnative spring-boot:build-image

Expected Behavior

I would have expected with all the enable preview used in the pom file (see above), the build would succeed.

Actual Behavior

Unfortunately, the build fails.

Steps to Reproduce

1 go to spring initializer to create a graalvm native project, as per Alina Yurenko's recommendations.

2 add a preview feature code, such as structured task scope.

3 run mvn -Pnative spring-boot:build-image

Additional Context

No response

Build Log Output and Error Messages

[INFO]     [creator]     For detailed information and explanations on the build output, visit:
[INFO]     [creator]     https://github.com/oracle/graal/blob/master/docs/reference-manual/native-image/BuildOutput.md
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]     [1/8] Initializing...                                            (4.0s @ 0.27GB)
[INFO]     [creator]      Java version: 23.0.1+13, vendor version: Liberica-NIK-24.1.1-1
[INFO]     [creator]      Graal compiler: optimization level: 2, target machine: armv8-a
[INFO]     [creator]      C compiler: gcc (linux, aarch64, 13.2.0)
[INFO]     [creator]      Garbage collector: Serial GC (max heap size: 80% of RAM)
[INFO]     [creator]      2 user-specific feature(s):
[INFO]     [creator]      - com.oracle.svm.thirdparty.gson.GsonFeature
[INFO]     [creator]      - org.springframework.aot.nativex.feature.PreComputeFieldFeature
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]      3 experimental option(s) unlocked:
[INFO]     [creator]      - '-H:Name' (alternative API option(s): -o com.MyApplication; origin(s): command line)
[INFO]     [creator]      - '-H:ResourceConfigurationResources' (origin(s): 'META-INF/native-image/com.networknt/json-schema-validator/native-image.properties' in 'file:///workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/json-schema-validator-1.5.5.jar')
[INFO]     [creator]      - '-H:ReflectionConfigurationResources' (origin(s): 'META-INF/native-image/com.networknt/json-schema-validator/native-image.properties' in 'file:///workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/json-schema-validator-1.5.5.jar')
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]     Build resources:
[INFO]     [creator]      - 5.78GB of memory (75.6% of 7.65GB system memory, determined at start)
[INFO]     [creator]      - 12 thread(s) (100.0% of 12 available processor(s), determined at start)
[INFO]     [creator]     Standard Commons Logging discovery in action with spring-jcl: please remove commons-logging.jar from classpath in order to avoid potential conflicts
[INFO]     [creator]     Standard Commons Logging discovery in action with spring-jcl: please remove commons-logging.jar from classpath in order to avoid potential conflicts
[INFO]     [creator]     SLF4J(W): No SLF4J providers were found.
[INFO]     [creator]     SLF4J(W): Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
[INFO]     [creator]     SLF4J(W): See https://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#noProviders for further details.
[INFO]     [creator]     [2/8] Performing analysis...  []                                (14.0s @ 1.42GB)
[INFO]     [creator]        17,593 reachable types   (80.6% of   21,822 total)
[INFO]     [creator]        21,332 reachable fields  (48.7% of   43,806 total)
[INFO]     [creator]        56,485 reachable methods (37.7% of  149,782 total)
[INFO]     [creator]         9,140 types, 1,551 fields, and 3,685 methods registered for reflection
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Error: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: Preview features are not enabled for com/MyService (class file version 67.65535). Try running with '--enable-preview'
[INFO]     [creator]     Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: Preview features are not enabled for com/MyService (class file version 67.65535). Try running with '--enable-preview'
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1026)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:150)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageClassLoader.defineClass(NativeImageClassLoader.java:490)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageClassLoader.findClassViaClassPath(NativeImageClassLoader.java:442)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageClassLoader.loadClass(NativeImageClassLoader.java:629)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:528)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:3545)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:2601)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.springframework.aot.nativex.feature.PreComputeFieldFeature.iterateFields(PreComputeFieldFeature.java:63)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisElement$SubtypeReachableNotification.lambda$notifyCallback$0(AnalysisElement.java:174)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:317)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.AnalysisFuture.ensureDone(AnalysisFuture.java:69)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisElement.lambda$execute$2(AnalysisElement.java:220)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.executeCommand(CompletionExecutor.java:166)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.lambda$executeService$0(CompletionExecutor.java:152)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1726)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1717)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$InterruptibleTask.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1641)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:507)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(ForkJoinPool.java:1458)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:2034)
[INFO]     [creator]     	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:189)

[patpatpat123]

enablepreviewissue.zip

[patpatpat123]

minimal attached, please run

mvn -Pnative spring-boot:build-image

[patpatpat123]

Hello @oubidar-Abderrahim ,

Thank you for taking a look into this.

If you need me to provide any other additional information, please feel free to let me know.

[oubidar-Abderrahim]

Thank you, I was trying to reproduce the issue and running mvn -Pnative spring-boot:build-image but the build fails with

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: Preview features are not enabled for com/example/enablepreviewissue/DummyController (class file version 67.65535). Try running with '--enable-preview'
...
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin:3.4.2:process-aot (process-aot) on project enablepreviewissue: Process terminated with exit code: 1

Is there a step missing in the reproducer?

[patpatpat123]

Hello @oubidar-Abderrahim ,

Sincere apologies, a wrong copy paste on my end.

From the POM file, could you please replace this

(This is wrong)

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <compilerArguments>--enable-preview</compilerArguments>
                    <image>
                        <builder>paketobuildpacks/builder-noble-java-tiny</builder>
                        <env>
                            <BP_JVM_VERSION>23</BP_JVM_VERSION>
                        </env>
                    </image>
                    <jvmArguments>-agentlib:native-image-agent=config-merge-dir=src/main/resources/META-INF/native-image/ --enable-preview</jvmArguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

With this?

(This is correct)

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <jvmArguments>--enable-preview</jvmArguments>
                    <compilerArguments>--enable-preview</compilerArguments>
                    <image>
                        <builder>paketobuildpacks/builder-noble-java-tiny</builder>
                        <env>
                            <BP_JVM_VERSION>23</BP_JVM_VERSION>
                        </env>
                    </image>
                    <jvmArguments>-agentlib:native-image-agent=config-merge-dir=src/main/resources/META-INF/native-image/ --enable-preview</jvmArguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>