diff --git a/engine/battle/core.asm b/engine/battle/core.asm
index 8445560ed58..dce8dd8d092 100644
--- a/engine/battle/core.asm
+++ b/engine/battle/core.asm
@@ -6404,7 +6404,7 @@ LoadEnemyMon:
 
 	ld hl, wEnemyMonStats
 	ld de, wEnemyStats
-	ld bc, NUM_EXP_STATS * 2
+	ld bc, NUM_BATTLE_STATS * 2
 	call CopyBytes
 
 ; BUG: PRZ and BRN stat reductions don't apply to switched Pokémon (see docs/bugs_and_glitches.md)
diff --git a/engine/battle_anims/bg_effects.asm b/engine/battle_anims/bg_effects.asm
index 1e55b39e731..62eb95b77c1 100644
--- a/engine/battle_anims/bg_effects.asm
+++ b/engine/battle_anims/bg_effects.asm
@@ -2076,10 +2076,10 @@ BattleBGEffect_FadeMonsToBlackRepeating:
 	add hl, de
 	ld a, [hli]
 	push hl
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0
+	call BGEffects_LoadEnemyPals
 	pop hl
 	ld a, [hl]
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1
+	call BGEffects_LoadPlayerPals
 	ret
 
 .player_2
@@ -2087,17 +2087,17 @@ BattleBGEffect_FadeMonsToBlackRepeating:
 	add hl, de
 	ld a, [hli]
 	push hl
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1
+	call BGEffects_LoadPlayerPals
 	pop hl
 	ld a, [hl]
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0
+	call BGEffects_LoadEnemyPals
 	ret
 
 .cgb_two
 	ld a, $e4
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1
+	call BGEffects_LoadPlayerPals
 	ld a, $e4
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0
+	call BGEffects_LoadEnemyPals
 	call EndBattleBGEffect
 	ret
 
@@ -2507,7 +2507,7 @@ BGEffect_RapidCyclePals:
 	ld [hl], a
 	call BattleBGEffect_GetFirstDMGPal
 	jr c, .okay_2_cgb
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1
+	call BGEffects_LoadPlayerPals
 	ret
 
 .okay_2_cgb
@@ -2518,7 +2518,7 @@ BGEffect_RapidCyclePals:
 
 .two_cgb
 	ld a, $e4
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1
+	call BGEffects_LoadPlayerPals
 	call EndBattleBGEffect
 	ret
 
@@ -2538,7 +2538,7 @@ BGEffect_RapidCyclePals:
 	ld [hl], a
 	call BattleBGEffect_GetFirstDMGPal
 	jr c, .okay_4_cgb
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0
+	call BGEffects_LoadEnemyPals
 	ret
 
 .okay_4_cgb
@@ -2549,11 +2549,11 @@ BGEffect_RapidCyclePals:
 
 .four_cgb
 	ld a, $e4
-	call BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0
+	call BGEffects_LoadEnemyPals
 	call EndBattleBGEffect
 	ret
 
-BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1:
+BGEffects_LoadPlayerPals:
 	ld h, a
 	ldh a, [rSVBK]
 	push af
@@ -2562,13 +2562,13 @@ BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1:
 	ld a, h
 	push bc
 	push af
-	ld hl, wBGPals2
-	ld de, wBGPals1
+	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette PAL_BATTLE_BG_PLAYER
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette PAL_BATTLE_BG_PLAYER
 	ld b, a
 	ld c, $1
 	call CopyPals
-	ld hl, wOBPals2 palette 1
-	ld de, wOBPals1 palette 1
+	ld hl, wOBPals2 palette PAL_BATTLE_OB_PLAYER
+	ld de, wOBPals1 palette PAL_BATTLE_OB_PLAYER
 	pop af
 	ld b, a
 	ld c, $1
@@ -2580,7 +2580,7 @@ BGEffects_LoadBGPal0_OBPal1:
 	ldh [hCGBPalUpdate], a
 	ret
 
-BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0:
+BGEffects_LoadEnemyPals:
 	ld h, a
 	ldh a, [rSVBK]
 	push af
@@ -2589,13 +2589,13 @@ BGEffects_LoadBGPal1_OBPal0:
 	ld a, h
 	push bc
 	push af
-	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette 1
-	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 1
+	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette PAL_BATTLE_BG_ENEMY
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette PAL_BATTLE_BG_ENEMY
 	ld b, a
 	ld c, $1
 	call CopyPals
-	ld hl, wOBPals2
-	ld de, wOBPals1
+	ld hl, wOBPals2 palette PAL_BATTLE_OB_ENEMY
+	ld de, wOBPals1 palette PAL_BATTLE_OB_ENEMY
 	pop af
 	ld b, a
 	ld c, $1
diff --git a/engine/gfx/color.asm b/engine/gfx/color.asm
index 2ae8b0335d4..d88f8598192 100644
--- a/engine/gfx/color.asm
+++ b/engine/gfx/color.asm
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ CGBCopyBattleObjectPals: ; unreferenced
 	dec c
 	jr nz, .loop
 	ld hl, BattleObjectPals
-	ld de, wOBPals1 palette 2
+	ld de, wOBPals1 palette PAL_BATTLE_OB_GRAY
 	ld bc, 2 palettes
 	ld a, BANK(wOBPals1)
 	call FarCopyWRAM
diff --git a/engine/gfx/crystal_layouts.asm b/engine/gfx/crystal_layouts.asm
index f77d420f3c2..9c2755e3d4f 100644
--- a/engine/gfx/crystal_layouts.asm
+++ b/engine/gfx/crystal_layouts.asm
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ Palette_TextBG7:
 INCLUDE "gfx/font/bg_text.pal"
 
 Function49420::
-	ld hl, MansionPalette1 + 8 palettes
+	ld hl, MansionPalette1 palette 8
 	ld de, wBGPals1 palette PAL_BG_ROOF
 	ld bc, 1 palettes
 	ld a, BANK(wBGPals1)
diff --git a/engine/tilesets/timeofday_pals.asm b/engine/tilesets/timeofday_pals.asm
index 214d2f7432e..12c44f377e6 100644
--- a/engine/tilesets/timeofday_pals.asm
+++ b/engine/tilesets/timeofday_pals.asm
@@ -168,14 +168,14 @@ FillWhiteBGColor:
 	ld e, a
 	ld a, [hli]
 	ld d, a
-	ld hl, wBGPals1 + 1 palettes
+	ld hl, wBGPals1 palette 1 color 0
 	ld c, 6
 .loop
 	ld a, e
 	ld [hli], a
 	ld a, d
 	ld [hli], a
-rept 6
+rept 3 colors
 	inc hl
 endr
 	dec c
diff --git a/macros/gfx.asm b/macros/gfx.asm
index 630b131cd93..93b96a518ee 100644
--- a/macros/gfx.asm
+++ b/macros/gfx.asm
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ DEF palblue  EQUS "(1 << 10) *"
 DEF palettes EQUS "* PALETTE_SIZE"
 DEF palette  EQUS "+ PALETTE_SIZE *"
 DEF color    EQUS "+ PAL_COLOR_SIZE *"
+DEF colors   EQUS "* PAL_COLOR_SIZE"
 
 DEF tiles EQUS "* LEN_2BPP_TILE"
 DEF tile  EQUS "+ LEN_2BPP_TILE *"
diff --git a/mobile/mobile_22.asm b/mobile/mobile_22.asm
index eb79f79deb2..a44604e8282 100644
--- a/mobile/mobile_22.asm
+++ b/mobile/mobile_22.asm
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ Function894dc:
 	ld bc, 3 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 	ld hl, .Pals345
-	ld de, wBGPals1 + 3 palettes
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 3
 	ld bc, 3 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 
@@ -2056,7 +2056,7 @@ Function89d0d:
 	jr nz, .loop
 
 	ld hl, .Palette2
-	ld de, wBGPals1 + 2 palettes
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 2
 	ld bc, 1 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 
@@ -3232,7 +3232,7 @@ Function8a5b6:
 	ld a, $5
 	ldh [rSVBK], a
 	ld hl, Palette_8a5e5
-	ld de, wBGPals1 + 4 palettes
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 4
 	ld bc, 3 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 	ld hl, Palette_8a5fd
@@ -3240,7 +3240,7 @@ Function8a5b6:
 	ld bc, 1 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 	ld hl, Palette_8a605
-	ld de, wOBPals1 + 1 palettes
+	ld de, wOBPals1 palette 1
 	ld bc, 1 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 	pop af
diff --git a/mobile/mobile_42.asm b/mobile/mobile_42.asm
index 558bfeb97ab..bd469ea7e37 100644
--- a/mobile/mobile_42.asm
+++ b/mobile/mobile_42.asm
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ MobileTradeAnim_GiveTrademon1:
 
 MobileTradeAnim_GiveTrademon2:
 	ld c, 40
-	ld hl, wBGPals2 + 1 palettes
+	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette 1
 	call Function1082f0
 	call Function108af4
 	call Function108b5a
@@ -1069,12 +1069,12 @@ MobileTradeAnim_GetTrademon1:
 
 MobileTradeAnim_GetTrademon2:
 	ld c, 20
-	ld hl, wBGPals2 + 1 palettes
+	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette 1
 	call Function1082fa
 	ld de, SFX_GIVE_TRADEMON
 	call PlaySFX
 	ld c, 20
-	ld hl, wBGPals2 + 1 palettes
+	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette 1
 	call Function1082fa
 	call Function108af4
 .asm_1088ad
@@ -1439,8 +1439,8 @@ Function108b5a:
 	ld a, $5
 	ldh [rSVBK], a
 	ld de, palred 18 + palgreen 31 + palblue 15
-	ld hl, wBGPals2 + 4 palettes
-	ld c, $10
+	ld hl, wBGPals2 palette 4
+	ld c, 2 palettes
 .loop
 	ld a, e
 	ld [hli], a
@@ -1491,13 +1491,13 @@ Function108b98:
 	and $1
 	xor d
 	jr z, .asm_108bad
-	ld hl, Palette_108b98 + 1 palettes
+	ld hl, Palette_108b98 palette 1
 	jr .asm_108bb0
 
 .asm_108bad
 	ld hl, Palette_108b98
 .asm_108bb0
-	ld de, wBGPals1 + 7 palettes
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 7
 	ld bc, 8 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 	pop af
@@ -1724,7 +1724,7 @@ LoadMobileAdapterPalette:
 	ld hl, MobileAdapterPalettes
 	call AddNTimes
 	ld a, BANK(wBGPals1)
-	ld de, wBGPals1 + 4 palettes
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 4
 	ld bc, 1 palettes
 	call FarCopyWRAM
 	ret
diff --git a/mobile/mobile_45_sprite_engine.asm b/mobile/mobile_45_sprite_engine.asm
index 6a0cb09c9e8..d316d6a783e 100644
--- a/mobile/mobile_45_sprite_engine.asm
+++ b/mobile/mobile_45_sprite_engine.asm
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ Function1162cb:
 	ld a, $5
 	ldh [rSVBK], a
 	ld hl, PichuBorderMobileOBPalettes
-	ld de, wOBPals1 + 2 palettes
+	ld de, wOBPals1 palette 2
 	ld bc, 6 palettes
 	call CopyBytes
 	call SetPalettes
diff --git a/mobile/mobile_5b.asm b/mobile/mobile_5b.asm
index 1a363158b47..c1f4228c7bf 100644
--- a/mobile/mobile_5b.asm
+++ b/mobile/mobile_5b.asm
@@ -676,13 +676,13 @@ Function16cc18:
 
 Function16cc25:
 	ld hl, Unknown_16cfa9
-	ld de, wBGPals1 + 1 palettes
+	ld de, wBGPals1 palette 1
 	call .CopyPal
 	ld hl, Unknown_16cfb1
 	ld de, wOBPals1
 	call .CopyPal
 	ld hl, Unknown_16cfb9
-	ld de, wOBPals1 + 1 palettes
+	ld de, wOBPals1 palette 1
 	call .CopyPal
 	ret