calculations.py

'''
File includes all of the necessary code to perform calculations and
return necessary values for each step in the automation process

The classes are setup to accept dictionary argument passing read the
help() on each class to understand what you need to pass in order to
ensure correct operation

upon calling the class, it returns the appropriate values upon which
it has been asked to return.

*Essentially it is a function*
'''
from __future__ import print_function # Python 2 & 3 compatible print function
import math, pprint
import sys
import parsing as b_PyParse
import numpy
import copy # needed for deepcopy of arrays
from vec2cart import vec2cart
from convunits import bohrToMeters # conversion [Bohr] => [m]
from collections import OrderedDict as orderedDict
try: # compatibility Python 3.10+
    from collections.abc import Iterable
except ImportError:
    from collections import Iterable
    

DEBUG = True


##################
# default values #
##################

ELECTRON_CHARGE = 1.60217646e-19

class PathphaseCalculation:
    '''
    -- arguments --

    values(list) : list of berry phase values which you wish to pass
    to the calculation


    '''
    def __init__(self, **args):
        self.topDomain = math.pi * 2
        self.values = args['values']
        self.correctDomain() #produces correct domain in self.correctedValues
        self.meanValue = (sum(self.correctedValues) / len(self.correctedValues)) / (self.topDomain/2)
        # print self.meanValue
    

    def correctDomain(self):
        '''
        Correct the domain of the pathphase values so that they lie
        within the [0, 2PI] domain -- [0. 6.28]
        '''
        def correctPhaseDomain(phaseValue):
            '''
            Corrects the values phase so that it resides 
            between topDomain and bottomDomain
            '''
            topDomain = 1.
            bottomDomain = -1.

            domainRange = topDomain - bottomDomain

            phaseValue %= domainRange
            if phaseValue >= topDomain or phaseValue <= bottomDomain:
                if phaseValue > 0:
                    phaseValue -= domainRange
                elif phaseValue <= 0:
                    phaseValue += domainRange
            return phaseValue

        topDomain = self.topDomain

        self.consistentDomainValues = self.values[:]
        self.consistentDomainValues2 = self.values[:]
        #use modulo 2PI to maintain a consistent domain
        self.consistentDomainValues = [ (i + (2 *numpy.pi)) % topDomain for i in self.consistentDomainValues]


        self.consistentDomainValues2 = [ correctPhaseDomain(i) for i in self.consistentDomainValues2]

        self.correctedValues=numpy.unwrap(self.consistentDomainValues)
        self.correctedValues2=numpy.unwrap(self.consistentDomainValues2)
        
    def getValues(self):
        return self.values

    def getCorrectedValues(self):
        return self.correctedValues
    def getCorrectedValues2(self):
        return self.correctedValues2

    
    def getMeanValue(self):
        return self.meanValue

    def getConsistentDomainValues(self):
        return self.consistentDomainValues
    def getConsistentDomainValues2(self):
        return self.consistentDomainValues2

        

class CalculateNumberOfBands:
    '''
    Used to calculate the number of bands within the *.scf file to
    determine the input for the write_w2win function.

    You pass a file path to the *.scf in order to carry out this
    calculation
    '''
    def __init__(self, filePath):
        self.text = open(filePath, 'r').readlines()
        self.parser = b_PyParse.MainSCFParser(self.text)
        self.parser.parse()

    def getNumberOfBands(self, spCalc, soCalc, orbCalc, wCalc):
        bandList = self.parser['Band List']
        #produce list from dictionary values with only the occupancy
        #and band range where occupancy is not 0
        theList = [ (i['band range'], i['occupancy']) for i in bandList if i['occupancy'] ]
        iHOMO = theList[-1][0] # highest occupied band index
        fHOMO = theList[-1][1] # occupancy of the HOMO band
        # check if bands have an insulator occupancy (the method does not
        # work for metallic bands)
        if not wCalc: # do not do the check for Weyl point calculations
            if not spCalc and not soCalc and not orbCalc:
                # regular calculation without SP or SOC
                if fHOMO != 2.0: # occupancy must be 2 only
                    print("HOMO band index =", iHOMO)
                    print("HOMO band occupancy =", fHOMO)
                    print("Possible reasons for the error are:")
                    print("* you have a metal (method does not work in this case)")
                    print("* you have an insulator with a small band gap and selected TEMP smearing in case.in2(c)")
                    print("In second case, switch to TETRA in case.in2(c) and re-run berrypi")
                    raise Exception("The HOMO band should have occupancy of 2")
            elif spCalc or soCalc or orbCalc:
                # SP or SOC calculation (1e per band max)
                if fHOMO != 1.0: # occupancy must be 1 only
                    print("HOMO band index =", iHOMO)
                    print("HOMO band occupancy =", fHOMO)
                    print("* you have a metal (method does not work in this case)")
                    print("* you have an insulator with a small band gap and selected TEMP smearing in case.in2(c)")
                    print("In second case, switch to TETRA in case.in2(c) and re-run berrypi")
                    raise Exception("The HOMO band should have occupancy of 1")
        # return the HOMO band index
        return iHOMO


class MainCalculationContainer:
    '''
    This class contains every calculation and spits out the final result

    -- arguments --
    phasesRaw[ direction(x/y/z), spin , k-path , initial k-point , phase(rad) ] - list with phases
    
    spCalc - identifier for spin polarized calculation: True - sp, False - no sp

    file_struct(file path) - to structure .struct file

    file_inc(file path) - to .inc file

    '''
    def __init__(self, **args):

        # spin polarization: yes/no
        spCalc = args['sp']

        ############################
        ######### PARSING ##########
        ############################

        ###Rest of the Files###
        #parse all the things!
        #### *.struct file parser
        parser_struct_handle = open(args['file_struct'], 'r').readlines()
        parser_struct_handle = b_PyParse.MainStructParser(parser_struct_handle)
        parser_struct_handle.parse()
        
        #### *.inc parser
        parser_inc_handle = open(args['file_inc'], 'r').readlines()
        parser_inc_handle = b_PyParse.MainIncParser(parser_inc_handle)
        parser_inc_handle.parse()


        #####################################
        ############ END Parsing ############
        #####################################


        #############################
        ###### Getting Values #######
        #############################
        self.calcVal = orderedDict()
        
        #### *.struct handle
        # - name of atoms
        # - MULT for each atom
        # - coordinates
        # - nuclear charge
        self.calcVal['Atom Listing'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['Atom Listing']
        # - lattice type (P,F,B,CXY,CYZ,CXZ,R,H)
        self.calcVal['lattice type'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['lattice type']
        # - lattice orthogonal (T/F)
        self.calcVal['lattice ortho'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['lattice ortho']
        # - Cell Volume
        self.calcVal['Cell Volume in bohr^3'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['cell volume']
        # - Lattice Constants (a,b,c)
        self.calcVal['Lattice Constants in bohr'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['lattice constants']
        # - lattice vectors BR1_DIR matrix (v_x, v_y, v_z)
        self.calcVal['Real conventional lat vectors in bohr'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['real space conventional lattice vectors']
        # - lattice vectors BR2_DIR matrix (v_x, v_y, v_z)
        self.calcVal['Real primitive lat vectors in bohr'] = \
            parser_struct_handle['real space primitive lattice vectors']
            
        ### *.inc handle
        # - core charge for each non-eqivalent atom
        self.calcVal['Atom core charges'] = \
            parser_inc_handle['core charges'];

        # check consistency of case.struct and case.inc files
        if len(self.calcVal['Atom core charges']) != \
            len(self.calcVal['Atom Listing']):
            print("Number of non-equivalent atoms in case.struct:", \
                len(self.calcVal['Atom Listing']))
            print("Number of non-equivalent atoms in case.inc:", \
                len(self.calcVal['Atom core charges']))
            raise Exception("Inconsistent number of non-equivalent atoms")

        # list of pi-wrapping functions that will be applied to wrap the phase
        wrpFnList = [self.wrp02,self.wrp11] 
        for wrpFn in wrpFnList: # iterate over various wrapping functions
            if wrpFn == self.wrp11:
                print("\n\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ " +\
                    "phases are wrapped in the range [-pi .. +pi]" +\
                    " ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
            elif wrpFn == self.wrp02:
                print("\n\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ " +\
                    "phases are wrapped in the range [0 .. +2pi] " +\
                    " ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
            ########################
            # get electronic phase #
            ########################
            # get raw list [k-points, phase]
            phaseDirSpinPathRaw = args['phases']
            # wrap phases in the range [-pi ... +pi]
            phaseDirSpinPathWrp = self.wrpPhase(phaseDirSpinPathRaw, \
                wrpFn)
            # print nice
            print("\n","Initial Berry phases and their", \
                "wrapped values")
            print("="*87)
            print(" "*30, "| init k-point", "| phase raw (rad)", \
                "| phase wrap. (rad)")
            icoord = -1
            for coord in phaseDirSpinPathRaw:
                icoord += 1
                print("-"*87)
                print("direction(%u)" % int(icoord + 1))
                ispin = -1
                for spin in coord:
                    ispin += 1
                    print(" "*12, "spin(%u)" % int(ispin + 1))
                    ipath = -1
                    for path in spin:
                        ipath += 1
                        # perform wraping using the method privided in input
                        kpt = phaseDirSpinPathRaw[icoord][ispin][ipath][0]
                        ph = phaseDirSpinPathRaw[icoord][ispin][ipath][1]
                        phwrp = phaseDirSpinPathWrp[icoord][ispin][ipath][1]
                        print(" "*20, "path(%4d)       %4d        % e        % e" \
                            % (ipath+1, kpt, ph, phwrp))
            print("="*87)
            print("\n\nCALCULATION OF ELECTRONIC POLARIZATION",\
                "(primitive lattice coordinates)")
            print("="*87)
            print("Value", " "*25, "|  spin  ", "|   ", "dir(1)   ", \
                "|   ", "dir(2)   ", "|   ", "dir(3)")
            print("-"*87)
            # find path-average phase
            phaseDirSpinWrp = self.pathAvrgPhase(phaseDirSpinPathWrp)
            # wrap the average phase again as it can go out of bounds [-pi..+pi]
            phaseDirSpinWrp = wrpFn(phaseDirSpinWrp)
            nspins = numpy.shape(phaseDirSpinWrp)[1]
            for spinIndex in range(0,nspins):
                print("Berry phase wrapped (rad)          sp(%1i)" \
                    % (spinIndex+1), \
                    " [% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(phaseDirSpinWrp[:,spinIndex]))
            if not spCalc and not args['so']: # in case of non-SP or non-SO calculation...
                phaseDirSpinWrp = 2*phaseDirSpinWrp # account for the spin degeneracy
                nspins = numpy.shape(phaseDirSpinWrp)[1]
                if nspins != 1: # double check
                    print("Inconsistency detected in the number of spins")
                    print("Is it spin-polarized calculation? spCalc =", spCalc)
                    print("Number of spins in the electronic phase array", \
                        nspins)
                    print("Expected 1 spin")
                    print("Decision is taken to EXIT")
                    sys.exit(2)
                print("Berry phase (rad)                  up+dn  "+ \
                    "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(phaseDirSpinWrp))
                # wrap phases again [-pi ... +pi]
                phaseDirSpinWrp = wrpFn(phaseDirSpinWrp)
                print("Berry phase wrapped (rad)" +\
                    "          up+dn  [% e, % e, % e]" \
                    % tuple(phaseDirSpinWrp))
            #electron charge / cell volume
            self.ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST = ELECTRON_CHARGE / \
                bohrToMeters(self.calcVal['Cell Volume in bohr^3'], \
                dimension = 3.)
            # electronic polarization (C/m2)
            elP = self.elPolarization(phaseDirSpinWrp,self.calcVal, \
                self.ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST)
            # convert elP from primitive basis to Cart. coordinates
            # WIEN2k always uses primitive latt. vec. in constructing Brillouin zone
            print("\nThe electronic polarization vector is presented in",\
                "this coord. system:")
            latVec = numpy.zeros((3,3))
            for i in range(3): # gather lattice vectors into a (3x3) array
                latVec[i,:] = self.calcVal['Real primitive lat vectors in bohr'][i]
                print(" "*4, "dir(%1i) =" % (i+1), \
                    "[% e, % e, % e] bohr" % tuple(latVec[i,:]))
            print("and will be transformed into Cartesian coordinates.")
            for i in range(elP.shape[0]): # loop over spin channels
                elP[i,:] = vec2cart(elP[i,:], latVec) # prim -> Cartesian
            
            #############################
            # ionic polarization (C/m2) #
            #############################
            ionP = self.determineIonPolarization(wrpFn,args)
            # convert ionP from conventional to Cart. coordinates
            # WIEN2k always uses conventional latt. vec. for ionic positions
            print("\nThe ionic positions and associated polarization vector is",\
                "presented in this coord. system:")
            latVec = numpy.zeros((3,3))
            for i in range(3): # gather lattice vectors into a (3x3) array
                latVec[i,:] = self.calcVal['Real conventional lat vectors in bohr'][i]
                print(" "*4, "dir(%1i) =" % (i+1), \
                    "[% e, % e, % e] bohr" % tuple(latVec[i,:]))
            for i in range(ionP.shape[0]): # loop over spin channels
                ionP[i,:] = vec2cart(ionP[i,:], latVec) # conventional -> Cartesian
            
            #############################
            # total polarization (C/m2) #
            #############################
            # Total polarization (C/m2) will be returned
            # when calling mainCalculation()
            self._totalPolarizationVal = self.totalPolarization(elP, ionP)
            # Prepare transform polarization from lattice vectors to Cartesian
            # coordinates (totP -> totPcart
            latVec = numpy.zeros((3,3))
        # END iterate over various wrapping functions
        print('''
Notes:
(1) When lattice vectors are _not_ aligned with Cartesian coordinates, an
    additional transformation is required to present the polarization vector
    in Cartesian coordinates. This can be important when calculating Born 
    effective charges
           Z*_i,j = (Omega/e) * dP_i/dr_j,
    where i, j are Cartesian components, Omega is the cell volume (see output
    above), and e is the elementary charge. The total polarization vector is
    presented in Cartesian coordinates and should be used to determine dP_i.
    It is, however, up to the user to transform the atom displacement vector
    components dr_j into Cartesian coordinates. The change in fractional
    coordinated should be converted into dr_j using lattice vectors dir(1,2,3)
    used in calculation of the ionic polarization (see above). An 
    Octave/Matlab sctipt can be found in
    https://github.com/spichardo/BerryPI/wiki/Tutorial-3:-Non-orthogonal-lattice-vectors
(2) Results are presented for two pi-wrapping options [-pi .. +pi] and 
    [0 .. +2pi] separated by ~~~~~~. It is designed to assist in situations 
    when a sudden change in the Berry phase (and associated polarization) 
    occurs due to a pi-wrapping artefact (see discussion pertaining Fig. 2 in 
    Ref. [1]). It is up to the user to select the most relevant option. This 
    decision should be made based on comparing results for _two_ different 
    structures. The goal is to ensure a smooth change in the phase in response 
    to a small perturbation.''')
        # END main


    def wrpPhase(self, List, fnWrpMethod):
        # wrap phases from a List and bring them in the interval
        # [-pi..+pi]
        # List = [direction(x/y/z), spin, k-path, [start k-point, phase]]
        #                                                           ^
        #                                                        unwrapped
        # fnWrpMethod - function that determines the method
        #
        # OUT = [direction(x/y/z), spin, k-path, [start k-point, phase]]
        #                                                           ^
        #                                                        wrapped
        OUT = copy.deepcopy(List) # initialize output list
                                  # deepcopy helps to avoid unintentional
                                  # modification of the input arguments
                                  # (stupid python)
        icoord = -1
        for coord in List:
            icoord = icoord + 1
            ispin = -1
            for spin in coord:
                ispin = ispin + 1
                ipath = -1
                for path in spin:
                    ipath = ipath + 1
                    # perform wraping using the method provided in input
                    OUT[icoord][ispin][ipath][1] \
                        = fnWrpMethod( List[icoord][ispin][ipath][1] )
                pathPhaseWrp = OUT[icoord][ispin][:,1]
                # unwrap phases among all pathes for a particular spin
                # for example [-pi, +pi] => [-pi, -pi]
                pathPhaseUnwrp = numpy.unwrap( pathPhaseWrp )
                OUT[icoord][ispin][:,1] = pathPhaseUnwrp
        return OUT

    def wrp11(self, IN):
        # wraps phase into the range [-pi .. +pi]
        # IN can be any array of phases in (rad)
        inisarray = isinstance(IN, (numpy.ndarray))
        if inisarray: # check if input is an array
            inshape = IN.shape
            IN = IN.flatten() # flaten input array into 1D vector
                              # need for compatibility with NumPy 1.9.2
        k = 1 # wrapping parameter for [-pi .. +pi]
        OUT = (IN + k*numpy.pi) % (2 * numpy.pi) - k*numpy.pi
        if inisarray: # restore output array dimensions to match input
            OUT.resize(inshape)
        return OUT

    def wrp02(self, IN):
        # wraps phase into the range [0 .. +2pi]
        # IN can be any array of phases in (rad)
        inisarray = isinstance(IN, (numpy.ndarray))
        if inisarray: # check if input is an array
            inshape = IN.shape
            IN = IN.flatten() # flaten input array into 1D vector
                              # need for compatibility with NumPy 1.9.2
        k = 0 # wrapping parameter for [0 .. +2pi]
        OUT = (IN + k*numpy.pi) % (2 * numpy.pi) - k*numpy.pi
        if inisarray: # restore output array dimensions to match input
            OUT.resize(inshape)
        return OUT

    def pathAvrgPhase(self, List):
        # calculate path-average phase 
        # List = [direction(x/y/z), spin, k-path, [start k-point, phase]]
        #
        # OUT = average phase[direction(x/y/z), spin]
        # allocate output array based on number of directions and spins
        nspins = numpy.shape(List[0])[0]
        OUT = numpy.zeros((3,nspins)) # 3 spece directions X num. spins
        icoord = -1
        for coord in List:
            icoord = icoord + 1
            ispin = -1
            for spin in coord:
                ispin = ispin + 1
                ipath = -1
                x = 0
                for path in spin:
                    ipath = ipath + 1
                    x =  x + List[icoord][ispin][ipath][1]
                avrg = x/(ipath+1)
                OUT[icoord][ispin] = avrg
        return OUT



    def getPhasevalues(self):
        return self.phaseValues

    def getPhaseConsistentDomainValues(self):
        return self.value_phaseConsistentDomainValues
    def getPhaseConsistentDomainValues2(self):
        return self.value_phaseConsistentDomainValues2


    def getPhaseCorrectedValues(self):
        return self.value_phaseCorrectedValues
    def getPhaseCorrectedValues2(self):
        return self.value_phaseCorrectedValues2


    def valuephaseMeanValues(self):
        return self.value_phaseMeanValues

    def __call__(self):
        return self.totalPolarizationVal()

    def calculationValues(self):
        return self.calcVal

    def prettyPrintCalculationValues(self):
        pprint.pprint(self.calcVal)
    
    def elPolarization(self, berryPhase, calcValues, ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST):
        '''
        Calculate electronic component of polarization

        Input: berryPhase[direction 1, 2, 3][spin]

        Calculation:

        Pel_x = electron charge / unit volume (m) * \
          berry phase mean value/2pi * lattice_matrices (diagonal x)
        '''
        # [OLEG]: check which lattice vectors to use br1 or br2
        nspins = numpy.shape(berryPhase)[1]
        elP = numpy.zeros((nspins,3))
        for spinIndex in range(0,nspins):
            for coordIndex in range(0,3): # loop over 3 lattice vector direct.
                latVec = calcValues['Real primitive lat vectors in bohr'][coordIndex]
                normLatVec = numpy.linalg.norm(latVec) # length of lat. vector
                elP[spinIndex,coordIndex] = \
                    (berryPhase[coordIndex,spinIndex]/(2*numpy.pi)) * \
                    ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST * \
                    bohrToMeters(normLatVec)
            print("Electronic polarization (C/m2)     " +\
                "sp(%1i) " % (spinIndex+1), \
            "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(elP[spinIndex,:]))
        print("="*87)
        return elP; # END elPolarization

    # [OLEG] check if any old functions left to be removed
    #Electron polrization in [0 to 2] range
    def electronpolar2pi(self):
        return self._electronpolar2pi


#Berry/electronic phase in [-1 to +1] range  
    def remappedberryphase(self):
        return self._berryremapped    

    def ebyVlatticeconstant(self):        
        return self._ebyVandlatticeconstant    


#Electron polrization in [-1 to +1 range]
    def electronPolarization(self):
        return self._electronPolarization

    # Ionic polarization
    def determineIonPolarization(self, fnWrpMethod, args):
        '''
        INPUT: fnWrpMethod - function that determines the method for
                             wrapping the phase
               args - contains logical variables regarding the
                      calculation setup
                      args['so'] - spin-orbit coupling
                      args['sp'] - spin-polarized calculation
                      args['orb'] - additional orbital potential (LDA+U)

        Calculation:

        Pion_x = electron charge / unit volume (m) * lattice_x * (
        
          sum of (
            atom valence charge * position(x)
            )
          )

          where atom valence charge = ( core value - spin val 1 - spin val 2 )
        '''
        print("\n\nCALCULATION OF IONIC POLARIZATION",\
            "(conventional lattice coordinates)")
        ionP = []
        calcValues = self.calculationValues()
        ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST = self.ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST
        latticeConstants = calcValues['Lattice Constants in bohr']
        atomListing = calcValues['Atom Listing']
        #produce a tuple pair which includes the valence electrons and
        #the coordinates for each element
        calcIonValues = [] # (coordinates(x,y,z), valence value)
        
        #TODO: include good exception handling for this stage
        #construct the calcIonValues for the calculation
        if args['sp'] and not args['so']:
            nspins = 2
        else:
            nspins = 1
        iatom = -1 # atom index
        Zcore = self.calcVal['Atom core charges'] # non-equiv. atoms
        for atom in atomListing: # loop over non-equivalent atoms
            iatom = iatom+1
            theElementName = atom['Element Name']
            for i in range(atom['MULT']):
                if nspins == 2:
                    theValence = []
                    for spin in [1, 2]:
                        theValence.append( \
                            atom['Znucl']/2 - Zcore[iatom]/2 \
                        )
                else:
                    theValence = atom['Znucl'] - Zcore[iatom];
                xCoordinate = atom['X-Coord'][i]
                yCoordinate = atom['Y-Coord'][i]
                zCoordinate = atom['Z-Coord'][i] 
                #produce tuple from coordinates
                coordinates = (xCoordinate, yCoordinate, zCoordinate)
                calcIonValues.append((theElementName,coordinates, theValence))
        self._calcIonValues = calcIonValues

        #### CALCULATION ####
        xPolarIon, yPolarIon, zPolarIon = (0., 0., 0.)
        print("="*87)
        print("Elem.|  Fractional coord.  |  spin | Zion |", \
            "   dir(1)   ", \
            "|   ", "dir(2)   ", "|   ", "dir(3)")
        print("-"*87)
        print(" "*41, "+"+"-"*12, "Ionic phase (rad)", \
            "-"*12+"+")
        totIonPhase = numpy.zeros((nspins,3))
        for element, iCoord, iValence in calcIonValues:
            spinIndex = -1
            if isinstance(iValence, Iterable):
                pass
            else:
                iValence = [iValence, ]
            for spinValence in iValence:
                spinIndex += 1
                ionPhase = numpy.zeros((nspins,3))
                coordIndex = -1
                for fcoord in iCoord:
                    coordIndex += 1
                    # fractional coordinates used
                    psi = fcoord * spinValence * 2*numpy.pi
                    ionPhase[ spinIndex , coordIndex ] = psi
                if spinIndex == 0:
                    print("%2s " % element, \
                        "(%6.4f, %6.4f, %6.4f) " % iCoord, \
                        "sp(%1i)" % (spinIndex+1), \
                        "%5.2f" % spinValence, \
                        "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(ionPhase[spinIndex,:]))
                else:
                    print(" "*29, \
                        "sp(%1i)" % (spinIndex+1), \
                        "%5.2f" % spinValence, \
                        "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(ionPhase[spinIndex,:]))
                totIonPhase[:,:] += ionPhase
        print("-"*87)
        for spinIndex in range(0,nspins):
            print("Total ionic phase (rad)", " "*5, \
                "sp(%1i)" % (spinIndex+1), " "*5, \
                "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(totIonPhase[spinIndex,:]))

        # warap phases
        totIonPhase = fnWrpMethod( totIonPhase )

        for spinIndex in range(0,nspins):
            print("Total ionic phase wrap. (rad)", \
                "sp(%1i)" % (spinIndex+1), " "*5, \
                "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(totIonPhase[spinIndex,:]))

        #IONIC Polarization
        ionPol = numpy.zeros((nspins,3))
        for spinIndex in range(0,nspins):
            for coordIndex in range(0,3): # loop over 3 lattice vector direct.
                psi = totIonPhase[spinIndex,coordIndex]
                # WIEN2k always uses conventional latt. vec. for ionic positions
                latVec = calcValues['Real conventional lat vectors in bohr'][coordIndex]
                normLatVec = numpy.linalg.norm(latVec) # length of lat. vector
                ionPol[spinIndex,coordIndex] = \
                    (psi/(2*numpy.pi)) * ELEC_BY_VOL_CONST * \
                    bohrToMeters(normLatVec)
            print("Ionic polarization (C/m2)    ", \
                "sp(%1i)" % (spinIndex+1), " "*5, \
                "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(ionPol[spinIndex,:]))
        print("="*87)

        return ionPol # END determineIonPolarization

#Valance Electron
    def valance(self):
        return self._calcIonValues


#Ionic Phase in 2Pi modulo 
    def ionicphase(self):
        return self._ionicphase
   

#Ionic Phase in [-1 to +1] range
    def mappedionic(self):
        return self._mappedionic

#Ionic Polrization in [0 to 2] range

    def ionicpolar2pi(self):
       return self._ionicpolar2pi
#Ionic Polarization in [-1 to +1] range
    def ionPolarization(self):
        return self._ionPolarization




    def correctPhaseDomain(self,phaseValue):
        '''
        Corrects the values phase so that it resides 
        between topDomain and bottomDomain
        '''
        topDomain = 1.
        bottomDomain = -1.

        domainRange = topDomain - bottomDomain

        phaseValue %= domainRange
        if phaseValue >= topDomain or phaseValue <= bottomDomain:
            if phaseValue > 0:
                phaseValue -= domainRange
            elif phaseValue <= 0:
                phaseValue += domainRange
        return phaseValue    

    # Total polarization
    def totalPolarization(self, elP, ionP):
        '''
        Calculate total polarization
        INPUT: elP    - electronic polarization (C/m2)
               ionP   - ionic polarization (C/m2)
        OUTPUT: totP  - total polarization (C/m)
                totP = elP + ionP
        '''
        totSpinP = numpy.add(elP, ionP)
        nspins = numpy.shape(totSpinP)[0]
        print("\n\nSUMMARY OF POLARIZATION CALCULATION IN CARTESIAN COORDINATES")
        print("="*87)
        print("Value", " "*25, "|  spin  ", "|   ", "   X     ", \
            "|   ", "   Y     ", "|   ", "   Z")
        for spinIndex in range(0,nspins):
            print("-"*87)
            print("Electronic polarization (C/m2)     " + \
                "sp(%1i) " % (spinIndex+1), \
                "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(elP[spinIndex,:]))
            print("Ionic polarization (C/m2)          " + \
                "sp(%1i) " % (spinIndex+1), \
                "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(ionP[spinIndex,:]))
            print("Tot. spin polariz.=Pion+Pel (C/m2) " + \
                "sp(%1i) " % (spinIndex+1), \
                "[% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(totSpinP[spinIndex,:]))
        print("-"*87)
        totP = numpy.sum(totSpinP, axis=0) # summ over spins
        print("TOTAL POLARIZATION (C/m2)          " + \
            "both   [% e, % e, % e]" % tuple(totP))
        print("="*87)
        return totP # END totalPolarization

#Total Phase [0 to 2] range
    def totalphase2pi(self):
        return self._totalphase2pi

#Total Phase [+1 to -1] range

    def totalphaseneg1to1(self):
        return self._totalphaseneg1to1


#Total Polarization [-1 to +1] range
    def totalPolarizationVal(self):
        return self._totalPolarizationVal


#Total Polarization [0 to 2] range
    def netpolarization2pi(self):
        return self._netPolarizationEnergy1


        
if __name__ == "__main__":

    mainCalculation = MainCalculationContainer(
        file_pathphase_x = './tests/testStruct-x.pathphase',
        file_pathphase_y = './tests/testStruct-x.pathphase',
        file_pathphase_z = './tests/testStruct-x.pathphase',
        file_struct = './tests/testStruct.struct',
        file_inst = './tests/testStruct.inc'
        )
    mainCalculation.prettyPrintCalculationValues()
    print(mainCalculation.valuephaseMeanValues())
    print(mainCalculation.electronpolar2pi())
    print(mainCalculation.remappedberryphase)
    print(mainCalculation.electronPolarization())
    print(mainCalculation.ionicphase())
    print(mainCalculation.ionicpolar2pi())
    print(mainCalculation.mappedionic())
    print(mainCalculation.ionPolarization())
    print(mainCalculation.totalphase2pi())
    print(mainCalculation.totalphaseneg1to1())
    print(mainCalculation.netPolarizationEnergy())
    print(mainCalculation.netpolarization2pi())
    print(mainCalculation.valance())
    print(mainCalculation())
    blochBandCalculation = CalculateNumberOfBands('./tests/testStruct.scf')