Invalid input: No 'hvcC' box

[bigcat88]

libheif version: 1.19.5
file can be taken from this issue: bigcat88/pillow_heif#329

note: macOS can open such file

[bradh]

Probably related to the unsupported tmap HDR.

[farindk]

The error is produced for image item 57, which is part of a grid item with id 63.

Box: iref -----
...
| reference with type 'dimg' from ID: 63 to IDs: 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 
...

Usually, these images have properties 2 (ispe) and 17 (hvcC).
For some reason, the hvcC property is missing for items 57-61:

| | associations for item ID: 48
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 49
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 50
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 51
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 52
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 53
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 54
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 55
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 56
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 57
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 58
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 59
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 60
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 61
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | associations for item ID: 62
| | | property index: 2 (essential: true)
| | | property index: 17 (essential: true)

Thus, it appears correct to me that libheif reports this error.

I am wondering why macOS decodes this image (as you say).
@leo-barnes : why can macOS decode this image? What does it assume as the hvcC for hvc1 items 57-61?
According to the original issue, the image was taken by an iPhone 15.

The complete box dump

Box: ftyp -----
size: 44   (header size: 8)
major brand: heic
minor version: 0
compatible brands: mif1,MiHB,MiHE,MiPr,miaf,heic,tmap

Box: meta -----
size: 31152   (header size: 12)
| Box: hdlr -----
| size: 33   (header size: 12)
| pre_defined: 0
| handler_type: pict
| name: 
| 
| Box: dinf -----
| size: 36   (header size: 8)
| | Box: dref -----
| | size: 28   (header size: 12)
| | | Box: url  -----
| | | size: 12   (header size: 12)
| | | location: 
| 
| Box: pitm -----
| size: 14   (header size: 12)
| item_ID: 46
| 
| Box: iinf -----
| size: 1461   (header size: 12)
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 1
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 2
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 3
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 4
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 5
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 6
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 7
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 8
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 9
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 10
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 11
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 12
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 13
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 14
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 15
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 16
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 17
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 18
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 19
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 20
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 21
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 22
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 23
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 24
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 25
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 26
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 27
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 28
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 29
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 30
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 31
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 32
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 33
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 34
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 35
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 36
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 37
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 38
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 39
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 40
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 41
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 42
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 43
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 44
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 45
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 46
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: grid
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: false
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 47
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: false
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 48
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 49
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 50
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 51
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 52
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 53
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 54
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 55
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 56
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 57
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 58
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 59
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 60
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 61
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 62
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: hvc1
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 63
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: grid
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 41   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 64
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: mime
| | item_name: 
| | content_type: application/rdf+xml
| | content_encoding: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 66
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: tmap
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: false
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 21   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 67
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: Exif
| | item_name: 
| | hidden item: true
| | 
| | Box: infe -----
| | size: 41   (header size: 12)
| | item_ID: 68
| | item_protection_index: 0
| | item_type: mime
| | item_name: 
| | content_type: application/rdf+xml
| | content_encoding: 
| | hidden item: true
| 
| Box: iref -----
| size: 246   (header size: 12)
| reference with type 'dimg' from ID: 46 to IDs: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 
| reference with type 'thmb' from ID: 47 to IDs: 46 
| reference with type 'dimg' from ID: 63 to IDs: 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 
| reference with type 'auxl' from ID: 63 to IDs: 46 
| reference with type 'cdsc' from ID: 64 to IDs: 63 
| reference with type 'dimg' from ID: 66 to IDs: 46 63 
| reference with type 'cdsc' from ID: 67 to IDs: 46 66 
| reference with type 'cdsc' from ID: 68 to IDs: 46 66 
| 
| Box: iprp -----
| size: 28220   (header size: 8)
| | Box: ipco -----
| | size: 27826   (header size: 8)
| | | index: 1
| | | Box: colr -----
| | | size: 548   (header size: 8)
| | | colour_type: prof
| | | profile size: 536
| | | 
| | | index: 2
| | | Box: ispe -----
| | | size: 20   (header size: 12)
| | | image width: 640
| | | image height: 896
| | | 
| | | index: 3
| | | Box: ispe -----
| | | size: 20   (header size: 12)
| | | image width: 5712
| | | image height: 4284
| | | 
| | | index: 4
| | | Box: irot -----
| | | size: 9   (header size: 8)
| | | rotation: 270 degrees (CCW)
| | | 
| | | index: 5
| | | Box: pixi -----
| | | size: 16   (header size: 12)
| | | bits_per_channel: 8,8,8
| | | 
| | | index: 6
| | | Box: ispe -----
| | | size: 20   (header size: 12)
| | | image width: 416
| | | image height: 312
| | | 
| | | index: 7
| | | Box: ispe -----
| | | size: 20   (header size: 12)
| | | image width: 2856
| | | image height: 2142
| | | 
| | | index: 8
| | | Box: pixi -----
| | | size: 14   (header size: 12)
| | | bits_per_channel: 8
| | | 
| | | index: 9
| | | Box: auxC -----
| | | size: 52   (header size: 12)
| | | aux type: urn:com:apple:photo:2020:aux:hdrgainmap
| | | aux subtypes: 
| | | 
| | | index: 10
| | | Box: colr -----
| | | size: 26700   (header size: 8)
| | | colour_type: prof
| | | profile size: 26688
| | | 
| | | index: 11
| | | Box: colr -----
| | | size: 19   (header size: 8)
| | | colour_type: nclx
| | | colour_primaries: 2
| | | transfer_characteristics: 2
| | | matrix_coefficients: 2
| | | full_range_flag: 1
| | | 
| | | index: 12
| | | Box: ispe -----
| | | size: 20   (header size: 12)
| | | image width: 4284
| | | image height: 5712
| | | 
| | | index: 13
| | | Box: irot -----
| | | size: 9   (header size: 8)
| | | rotation: 0 degrees (CCW)
| | | 
| | | index: 14
| | | Box: pixi -----
| | | size: 16   (header size: 12)
| | | bits_per_channel: 10,10,10
| | | 
| | | index: 15
| | | Box: hvcC -----
| | | size: 112   (header size: 8)
| | | configuration_version: 1
| | | general_profile_space: 0
| | | general_tier_flag: 0
| | | general_profile_idc: 3
| | | general_profile_compatibility_flags: 0111.0000 0000.0000 0000.0000 0000.0000 
| | | general_constraint_indicator_flags: 10110000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
| | | general_level_idc: 63
| | | min_spatial_segmentation_idc: 0
| | | parallelism_type: 0
| | | chroma_format: 4:2:0
| | | bit_depth_luma: 8
| | | bit_depth_chroma: 8
| | | avg_frame_rate: 0
| | | constant_frame_rate: 0
| | | num_temporal_layers: 1
| | | temporal_id_nested: 0
| | | length_size: 4
| | | <array>
| | | | array_completeness: 0
| | | | NAL_unit_type: 32
| | | | 40 01 0c 01 ff ff 03 70 00 00 03 00 b0 00 00 03 00 00 03 00 3f 70 24 
| | | <array>
| | | | array_completeness: 0
| | | | NAL_unit_type: 33
| | | | 42 01 01 03 70 00 00 03 00 b0 00 00 03 00 00 03 00 3f a0 0d 08 05 07 cb 88 7b 91 65 53 70 c0 10 60 08 
| | | <array>
| | | | array_completeness: 0
| | | | NAL_unit_type: 34
| | | | 44 01 c0 61 72 c8 40 53 24 
| | | 
| | | index: 16
| | | Box: hvcC -----
| | | size: 112   (header size: 8)
| | | configuration_version: 1
| | | general_profile_space: 0
| | | general_tier_flag: 0
| | | general_profile_idc: 3
| | | general_profile_compatibility_flags: 0111.0000 0000.0000 0000.0000 0000.0000 
| | | general_constraint_indicator_flags: 10110000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
| | | general_level_idc: 93
| | | min_spatial_segmentation_idc: 0
| | | parallelism_type: 0
| | | chroma_format: 4:2:0
| | | bit_depth_luma: 8
| | | bit_depth_chroma: 8
| | | avg_frame_rate: 0
| | | constant_frame_rate: 0
| | | num_temporal_layers: 1
| | | temporal_id_nested: 0
| | | length_size: 4
| | | <array>
| | | | array_completeness: 0
| | | | NAL_unit_type: 32
| | | | 40 01 0c 01 ff ff 03 70 00 00 03 00 b0 00 00 03 00 00 03 00 5d 70 24 
| | | <array>
| | | | array_completeness: 0
| | | | NAL_unit_type: 33
| | | | 42 01 01 03 70 00 00 03 00 b0 00 00 03 00 00 03 00 5d a0 05 02 00 e0 58 87 b9 16 55 37 0c 01 06 00 80 
| | | <array>
| | | | array_completeness: 0
| | | | NAL_unit_type: 34
| | | | 44 01 c0 61 52 c8 40 53 24 
| | | 
| | | index: 17
| | | Box: hvcC -----
| | | size: 111   (header size: 8)
| | | configuration_version: 1
| | | general_profile_space: 0
| | | general_tier_flag: 0
| | | general_profile_idc: 4
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[leo-barnes]

@farindk
This is a known issue. There was an edge case where the camera would capture corrupt images where some of the tiles were missing. It has since been fixed, so no more such images should be getting created.

why can macOS decode this image? What does it assume as the hvcC for hvc1 items 57-61?

We simply ignore those tiles and leave the grid canvas black where we don't have any tiles. (You'll notice that there is actually no iloc entries for those tiles in any case, so assuming some hvcC won't help.)