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Package Managers

Package managers compared yum/dnf (rpm files) apt (deb files) pacman (tgz, ztsd files) pkg
List installed packages by size ? [1] [2] pkg query '%sh %n' | sort -h
Show installed packages rpm -qa dpkg -l pacman -Q pkg info
Show package that provides file x yum whatprovides x dpkg -S x pacman -F x pkg which x
Show files from package x repoquery --list x dpkg -L x pacman -Ql x pkg query %Fp x
Show package x info yum info x apt info x pacman -Qi x pkg info x
Show package x's dependencies yum deplist x apt-rdepends x pacman -Qi x pkg query %do x
Show packages that depend on x rpm -q --whatrequires x apt depends x pacman -Qi x pkg query %ro x
Install package group x yum groupinstall 'x' ? pacman -S x -
Show package groups yum group list ? pacman -Qg -
Remove orphaned packages - apt autoremove pacman -Rns $(pacman -Qdtq) pkg autoremove
Show update history yum history list all /var/log/apt/history.log /var/log/pacman.log /var/log/messages
Rollback update yum history undo <ID> apt-history rollback pacman -U /var/cache/pacman/pkg/<pkg-version> -
Show info from recent transaction yum history info <ID> - - -
Remove duplicate packages package-cleanup --cleandupes - - -
  • [1] dpkg-query --show --showformat='${Installed-Size}\t${Package}\n' | sort -n
  • [2] pacman -Qi | awk -F: '/^Name/ {name=$2} /^Installed/ {gsub(/ /,"");size=$2;print size,name}'
Repo actions compared yum/dnf apt pacman pkg
Add repo x yum-config-manager --enable x add-apt-repository x /etc/pacman.conf ?
Add third-party repo x /etc/yum.repos.d/ add-apt-repository ppa:x ? ?
Show available repos yum repolist all /etc/apt.sources.list ? ?
Show installed repos yum repolist /etc/apt.sources.list /etc/pacman.conf ?
  • - = Not supported.
  • ? = Unkown.

apt

  • Finding specific package versions
  1. Go to https://launchpad.net
  2. Click Ubuntu package building and hosting
  3. Search for your package
  4. Select your package (example: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox)
  5. Click View full publishing history (example: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox/+publishinghistory)
  6. Click your desired package version (example: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox/120.0.1+build1-0ubuntu0.20.04.1)
  7. UnderBuilds, click your desired architecture (example: https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-mozilla-security/+archive/ubuntu/ppa/+build/27033836)
  8. Scroll down to Built files to download the specific .deb file package you want

pacman

  • Issue: package is marginal trust
    • Solution: 
      pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring && pacman -Syu
  • Issue: invalud or corrupted database (PGP signature)
    • Solution: 
      1. Comment out the top mirror in `/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist`
2. rm /var/lib/pacman/sync/*
3. pacman -Syu

rpm

  • rpm -ivh file.rpm = Install rpm file as package.
    • -i = Install rpm.
    • -v = Verbose.
    • -h = Use hash marks to display progress.

  • yum install ./file.rpm = Install .rpm file and automatically resolve and install dependencies.
    • -v = Be verbose.
    • -h = Use hash marks to display progress.

yum/dnf & rpm

  • yum install epel-release = Install EPEL repo.

Add ISO repo to CentOS 6

  1. Go to centos.org.
  2. Click 'get centos now'.
  3. Click 'alternative downloads'.
  4. Click 'i386' in the row corresponding to CentOS version 6.
  5. Click any mirror link.
  6. Click the .iso you wish to download. It will likely be the largest one. Don't download the torrent.
  7. Save it anywhere.
  8. Launch the VM and in the top-left corner of VMWare, click VM -> Removable Devices -> CD/DVD -> Connect.
  9. Navigate to the .iso image file you downloaded.
  10. Inside the VM, run sudo mount /dev/cdrom /[mount-location].
  11. The disk is now mounted and you can browse the packages.
  12. To turn the packages into a full repo, you need to add the disk ID to the yum configuration. you can do that as follows: head -1 /[mount-location]/.discinfo
  13. Copy that number.
  14. Run your favorite text editor to open /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.
  15. For each repo you'd like to add, next to mediaid= , enter the number you copied.
  16. Next to baseurl=, enter the path of the mounted disk. For example, if you mounted the disk on /mnt, the row would read baseurl=file:///mnt.
  17. Run yum clean all.
  18. Yum should now recognize the disk as a repository.