This repository contains a simple project that demonstrates the implementation of a RESTful API for a student management system. It allows you to perform CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) on student records using HTTP endpoints. The API provides functionality to create a new student, retrieve all students, retrieve a student by registration number, update a student's name by registration number, and delete a student by registration number.
- POST /students: Create a new student
- GET /students: Retrieve all students
- GET /students/{regNo}: Retrieve a student by registration number -PUT /students/{regNo}: Update a student's name by registration number -DELETE /students/{regNo}: Delete a student by registration number
- Clone this repository to your local machine.
- Install the required dependencies by running npm install.
- Start the server by running npm start.
- You can now send HTTP requests to the specified endpoints to perform CRUD operations on the student records.
A database is a structured collection of data that is organized and stored in a way that allows efficient retrieval, modification, and management of the data. It serves as a central repository for storing and managing large amounts of information.
Databases provide several benefits for managing data:
- Data Persistence: Databases ensure that data is stored persistently, meaning it is preserved even when the application or system is not running. This allows data to be accessed and used across multiple sessions.
- Data Integrity: Databases enforce rules and constraints to maintain the integrity of the stored data, preventing inconsistencies and ensuring its accuracy.
- Data Scalability: Databases can handle large amounts of data and support concurrent access from multiple users, making them suitable for applications with growing data requirements.
DBMS is software that allows the creation, management, and manipulation of databases. Some advantages of using DBMS include:
- Data Security: DBMS provides mechanisms to protect sensitive data and control access to the database. -Data Consistency: DBMS ensures that data remains consistent by enforcing constraints and maintaining relationships between different data elements. -Data Recovery: DBMS facilitates data backup and recovery mechanisms to prevent data loss in the event of system failures. -Data Sharing: DBMS enables concurrent access to data, allowing multiple users or applications to access and manipulate data simultaneously.
There are two main types of databases:
- Relational Databases Management Systems (RDBMS): Relational databases organize data into tables with rows and columns. They use a structured query language (SQL) to manipulate and retrieve data. RDBMS provides a high level of data integrity and supports complex relationships between tables.
- NoSQL Databases Management Systems (NoSQL DBMS): NoSQL databases are non-relational and provide flexible schemas for storing and retrieving data. They are designed to handle large amounts of unstructured or semi-structured data and offer high scalability and performance.
The main difference between RDBMS and NoSQL DBMS lies in their data models and usage scenarios. RDBMS is suitable for applications with structured and relational data, where data consistency and complex querying are crucial. NoSQL DBMS is ideal for handling unstructured or rapidly changing data, providing high scalability and performance.
XAMPP is a popular software package that provides an environment for running a local web server and managing databases. It simplifies the installation and configuration of Apache, MySQL, PHP, and Perl.
To install and set up XAMPP, follow these steps:
- Download the XAMPP installer for your operating system from the official website.
- Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation process.
- Once installed, start the XAMPP control panel and start the Apache and MySQL services.
- Access the MySQL database using the phpMyAdmin web interface provided by XAMPP.
- With XAMPP set up, you can create and manage databases using MySQL, and integrate them into your applications as needed.
Here are some additional resources to further explore the topics covered in this session:
- Express.js Documentation
- Introduction to Databases - GeeksforGeeks
- Relational Databases vs. NoSQL - GeeksforGeeks
- XAMPP Official Website
Feel free to dive into these resources to deepen your understanding of RESTful APIs, databases, and related concepts.
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) that uses SQL to interact with databases. It is widely used in web applications for storing and managing structured data. MySQL offers a reliable and scalable solution for data storage and retrieval.
- If your application requires a structured and well-defined schema.
- If you need complex querying capabilities, including joins and transactions.
- If data consistency and ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties are critical.
- If you have unstructured or semi-structured data with varying schema requirements.
- If your application needs high scalability and performance for handling large amounts of data.
- If you prefer a flexible data model that allows easy document-based storage.
SQL is a language used for managing relational databases. It allows you to perform various operations on data. Here are some key SQL concepts and data types:
- Tables: Data is organized into tables, which consist of rows and columns.
- Data Types: Common data types include INTEGER, VARCHAR, DATE, and BOOLEAN, among others.
The session covers several SQL queries and their usage. Here are a few examples:
- SELECT: Retrieve data from a table based on specified conditions.
- INSERT: Add new data into a table.
- ALTER: Modify the structure of a table.
- DELETE: Remove data from a table based on specified conditions.
- DROP: Delete an entire table from the database.
- SHOW: Display information about databases, tables, or columns.
- USE: Switch to a specific database for further operations.
- LIKE: Perform pattern matching in queries.
- WHERE: Filter rows based on specified conditions.
- ORDER BY: Sort the result set based on one or more columns.
- LIMIT: Limit the number of rows returned in a query result.
MongoDB is a popular NoSQL database management system that stores data in a document-based format. It provides high scalability and flexibility for handling unstructured or semi-structured data.
In MongoDB, data is stored in flexible JSON-like documents called BSON (Binary JSON). Here are key aspects of MongoDB:
- Documents: Data is represented as documents, which are self-contained units of information.
- Collections: Documents are grouped into collections, similar to tables in SQL databases.
- Schema Flexibility: Each document in a collection can have a different structure, allowing easy adaptation to evolving data requirements.
MySQL and MongoDB differ in various aspects, including data models, query language, and scalability. Some key differences are:
- Data Model: MySQL follows a structured, relational data model, while MongoDB uses a flexible, document-based model.
- Query Language: MySQL uses SQL for querying data, while MongoDB uses a rich query language based on JSON-like syntax.
- Scalability: MongoDB is highly scalable, allowing distributed databases and horizontal scaling, while MySQL has more limitations in scaling horizontally.
To create a cluster in MongoDB Atlas, follow these steps:
- Sign up for a MongoDB Atlas account at https://www.mongodb.com/cloud/atlas.
- Log in to the MongoDB Atlas dashboard and click on "Create New Cluster."
- Configure the cluster settings, including cluster name, region, and cloud provider.
- Choose the desired cluster tier and additional options.
- Click "Create Cluster" to initiate the cluster creation process.
- Once the cluster is created, you can connect to it and start managing your MongoDB databases.
Here are some additional resources to further explore SQL, MySQL, and MongoDB: