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Caja file manager

Caja file manager is preinstalled on MATE DE. It may be called from terminal as caja.

File menu

Open new tab in Caja

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Click on File → New tab (or use <Ctrl>+<T>)
  3. Close newly opened tab

Expected result:

  • Caja opened new tab, user is able to close it.

Open new window for Caja

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Click on File → New window (or use <Ctrl>+<N>)
  3. Close newly opened Caja window

Expected result:

  • Caja opened new window, user is able to close it.

Create new Folder

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Click on File → Create folder (or use <Shift>+<Ctrl>+<N>)
  3. Delete newly created folder

Expected result:

  • Caja created new folder, user is able to delete it.

Create new Document

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Click on File → Create Document, Empty File
  3. Delete newly created document

Expected result:

  • Caja created new document, user is able to delete it.

Create template for new Document and use it

Steps to test:

  1. Open LibreOffice Writer and save document to ~/Templates folder with name odt-document.odt
  2. Open Caja
  3. Click on File → Create Document, odt-document (with LibreOffice Writer icon)
  4. Delete newly created document

Expected result:

  • Caja created new ODT-document using template, user is able to delete it.

Connect to Server

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select File → Connect to Server or launch caja-connect-server
  3. Enter all needed server details: server hostname or IP, port, type - Apple Filing Protocol (AFP), SSH, FTP (with login), Public FTP, Windows share, WebDAV (HTTP), Secure WebDAV (HTTPS)
  4. Click Connect

Expected results:

  • with correct server details Caja will open new window with network filesystem.

Viewing item Properties

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Navigate to the / folder
  3. Select boot folder
  4. Click on File → Properties or use <Alt>+<Return>

Expected results:

  • Caja shows the properties for selected folder.

View menu

Extra pane in Caja

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Press <F3> or use View → Extra Pane

Expected results:

  • Caja opened extra pane in the right of already opened pane.

Press <F3> again to close the extra pane.

Side pane in Caja

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Press <F9> or use View → Side Pane

Expected results:

  • Caja toggles the state of side pane in the left part of the window.

Press <F9> again to show side pane if it is hidden.

Edit menu

Send file to removable media

Caja allows to send items to the other location using special caja-sendto application.

Steps to test:

  1. Connect USB-flash to the system
  2. Open Caja
  3. Select some file, click Edit → Send to
  4. In the Send To window set Send as to Removable disks and shares and in Send to select location of USB-flash, click Send
  5. Open USB-flash in the Caja and ensure that file was copied here

Expected result:

  • Caja is able to send items to USB-flash.

Folder backgrounds and emblems

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select Edit → Backgrounds and Emblems

TBW (see this AskUbuntu Q&A)

Create archive

Caja allows to create archives from the drop-down menu using Compress option.

Normal archive

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select some folder or file
  3. Choose Edit → Compress
  4. Select needed archive type and click Create

Expected results:

  • archive is created. Caja is able to open it with Engrampa.

Password protected archive

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select some folder or file
  3. Choose Edit → Compress
  4. Select zip-archive type
  5. Click on Other Options, enter password into Password field
  6. Click Create

Expected results:

  • archive is created. Caja is able to open it with Engrampa using specified password.

Network connections and removable drives

Connect to Server from Location bar

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Press <Ctrl>+<L>
  3. Enter valid network location such as sftp://user@hostname (for SFTP/SSH connectio) or ftp://hostname (for insecure anonymous FTP connection) and click Connect
  4. Press <Enter>

Expected results:

  • with correct server details Caja will open network filesystem in the current tab.

Disconnect from Server

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Ensure that you have previously connected network filesystem
  3. Locate network filesystem in the left sidebar (press <F9> if it is hidden) in the Network category
  4. Click on the Eject button in the right of the network filesystem

Expected results:

  • Caja is disconnected from the network filesystem, the Network category becomes empty.

USB solid state flash disk Eject

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Insert USB flash drive
  3. Wait USB flash drive to be initialized (mounted)
  4. On the left side pane under Devices section select USB flash drive and press Eject button.

Expected results:

  • Caja ejected USB flash drive. Desktop notifies user with the message It is safe to remove the drive.

USB hard disk drive safely removal

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Insert USB hard disk drive
  3. Wait USB hard disk to be initialized (mounted)
  4. On the left side pane under Devices section select USB hard disk, make right mouse click on it and choose Stop (or Safely remove drive) option.

Expected results:

  • Caja stopped USB hard disk. It does not rotate anymore.

Caja scripts

Caja allows to use custom scripts.

Steps to test:

  1. Create folder with scripts with mkdir -p ~/.config/caja/scripts

  2. Add simple script named Open Terminal with

    cat <<EOF > ~/.config/caja/scripts/Open-Terminal-Here
#!/bin/bash

# Created by oss-lvr (https://github.com/oss-lvr)
# Open a terminal from anywhere

mate-terminal $CAJA_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
EOF

    and make it executable with chmod +x ~/.config/caja/scripts/Open-Terminal-Here

  3. Go to some folder, then navigate to or select some folder and click File→Scripts→Open-Terminal-Here

Expected results:

  • The MATE Terminal is opened in the location of current (or selected) folder.

Caja extensions

Install all Caja extensions with the following command:

sudo apt install $(apt-cache search caja | awk '{print $1}') mate-user-share

restart Caja with caja -q and then go to Edit → Preferences (or run caja-file-management-properties), switch to Extensions and compare their list with the table below:

Available Extensions 16.04 LTS 18.04 LTS 19.10 20.04 LTS 20.10 21.04 21.10 22.04 LTS
libgtkhash-properties-caja n/a + + + + + + +
libcaja-seahorse n/a + + + + + + +
Image Converter + + + + + + + +
Share + + + + + + + +
User Share + + + + + + + +
Open terminal + + + + + + + +
libcaja-actions-tracker + + + + + + + +
libcaja-actions-menu + + + + + + + +
Wallpaper + + + + + + + +
Python: caja-thg manual + manual manual manual + + +
Python: caja-admin n/a + + + + + + +
Python: folder-color n/a + + + + + + +
Python: deja (or dejadup) n/a + + + + + + +
Python: syncstate-ownCloud n/a + + + n/a n/a + +
Python: syncstate-Nextcloud n/a n/a + + + + + +
Python: caja-rename n/a + + + + + + +
Python: caja-mediainfo-tab n/a n/a + + + + + +
Python: insync-caja-plugin n/a n/a + n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
libeiciel-caja n/a + + + + + + +
xattr Tags n/a + + + + + + +
Atril properties n/a + + + + + + +
Gksu + n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Engrampa + + + + + + + +
Caja Dropbox + + + + + + + +
Send To + + + + + + + +
libfma-caja-tracker n/a n/a + + n/a n/a n/a n/a
libfma-caja-menu n/a n/a + + n/a n/a n/a n/a

Also check the Caja window for the interface elements from the table:

Package name Interface items 16.04 LTS 18.04 LTS 19.10 20.04 LTS 20.10 21.04 21.10 22.04 LTS
caja-actions Caja-Actions Actions 1 + + + + + + + +
caja-admin Open as Administrator, Edit as Administrator + + + + + + + +
caja-eiciel Properties → Access Control Lists n/a + + + + + + +
caja-extension-fma FileManager-Actions Actions 2 n/a n/a + + n/a n/a n/a n/a
caja-gtkhash Properties → Digests n/a + + + + + + +
caja-image-converter Resize Images, Rotate Images + + + + + + + +
caja-mediainfo special mediainfo tab n/a n/a ? + + + + +
caja-nextcloud ??? n/a n/a ? ? + ? ? ?
caja-open-terminal Open in Terminal + + + + + + + +
caja-owncloud ??? n/a ? ? ? n/a n/a ? ?
caja-rename Rename or Rename All n/a + + + + + + +
caja-seahorse Encrypt, Sign n/a + + + + + + +
caja-sendto Send to + + + + + + + +
caja-share Sharing Options, Properties → Share + + + + + + + +
caja-wallpaper Set as wallpaper + + + + + + + +
caja-xattr-tags Tags column n/a + + + + + + +
deja-dup-caja Revert to Previous version,Restore Missing... + + + + + + + +
folder-color-caja Folder's Color, File's Emblem + + + + + + + +
nitroshare-caja ??? n/a + n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
caja-dropbox Dropbox folder and Dropbox menu n/a + + + + + + +

Using SeaHorse in Caja

Caja has functionality to sign, encrypt and decrypt objects. This is done by using mate-seahorse-tool under the hood. The caja-seahorse package should be installed and libcaja-seahorse extenstion should be enabled in the Caja settings too.

To test signing, encryption and decryption one needs to create new PGP key using SeaHorse:

  1. Open Passwords and Keys (or seahorse)
  2. Click "+" to add new key and specify its type as GPG key
  3. Provide details in the opened window - at least Full Name, Email Address
  4. Click Create
  5. In the opened window named Passphrase for New PGP Key provide new password twice
  6. Click OK

Test PGP signing

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select file (for example file)
  3. Click Edit → Sign
  4. In the opened window named Choose Signer specify signer and press OK, provide password
  5. Double-click on the file named file.sig

Expected results:

  • File was signed successfully, the file.sig file was created, double-click on it show notification with text like

    file: Good Signature
    Signed by User on 2020-01-01

Test PGP encryption

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select file (for example file)
  3. Click Edit → Encrypt...
  4. In the opened window named Encryption setting select recipient, choose Sign message as and click OK

Expected results:

  • File was encrypted successfully, the file.pgp file was created.

Test PGP decryption

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Double-click the file.pgp file
  3. Choose destination and filename for decrypted file and click Save

Expected results:

  • User was prompted for password, the notification with text like

    file: Good Signature
    Signed by User on 2020-01-01

    and then decrypted file appeared in the selected destination with given filename.

Detecting text file conflicts

Caja has functionality to check text file conflicts using Meld.

Steps to test:

  1. Install Meld with sudo apt-get install meld
  2. Create two text files in two directories using terminal by running echo text1 > /tmp/file; echo text2 > ~/file
  3. Open Caja with two panes - left pane with home-folder, right pane with /tmp
  4. Try to copy file from left pane to the right pane.

Expected results:

  • The File conflict window is shown, it asks user to view differences. Pressing Differences will lead to Meld open for file comparison.

Installing third-party extensions

Dropbox

Installation is as simple as sudo apt-get install caja-dropbox. It will download proprietary installer and extract it to the /var/lib/dropbox. Then you need to restart Caja and provide your Dropbox credentials in the opened browser window to start using Dropbox.

The autostart for Caja-Dropbox is controlled by caja-dropbox-autostart.

The sync process is automatic, you will see the changes of the file-statuses in the ~/Dropbox folder. All objects here have emblems.

TortoiseHG

Installation:

  • on 16.04 LTS it is installable with manual steps with method from this AskUbuntu Q&A:

    sudo apt-get install tortoisehg-nautilus caja-extensions-common python-caja

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
cp /usr/share/nautilus-python/extensions/nautilus-thg.py ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions/caja-thg.py

sudo apt-get purge tortoisehg-nautilus
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get install tortoisehg mercurial

  • on 18.04 LTS and 19.04 you can use sudo apt-get install tortoisehg-caja;

  • on 19.10 it may be installed from 19.04 packages manually:

    # 1. Get packages from 19.04 repository
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/t/tortoisehg/tortoisehg_4.8.1-0.1_all.deb
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/t/tortoisehg/tortoisehg-caja_4.8.1-0.1_all.deb

# 2. Install the packages
sudo apt-get install ./tortoisehg*.deb -y

  • on 20.04 LTS we can use packages from 20.10:

    # 1. Get the newest Mercurial with Python 3 support
cd ~/Downloads
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mercurial/5.5.1-1/+build/19906561/+files/mercurial-common_5.5.1-1_all.deb
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mercurial/5.5.1-1/+build/19906561/+files/mercurial_5.5.1-1_amd64.deb

# 2. Install Mercurial packages
sudo apt-get install ./mercurial*.deb -y

# 3. Get dependencies for TortoiseHg
sudo apt install python3-all-dev python3-pyqt5 python3-pyqt5.qsci python3-iniparse -y

# 4. Get sources of TortoiseHg
hg clone https://foss.heptapod.net/mercurial/tortoisehg/thg
cd thg
hg checkout 5.5.1

# 5. Compile TortoiseHg using Python 3
sudo apt-get install python-is-python3
make local
sudo python3 setup.py install

# 6. Install TortoiseHg extension for Caja
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
cp /usr/local/share/nautilus-python/extensions/nautilus-thg.py ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions/caja-thg.py

  • for 20.10 we can use Mercurial packages from universe pocket and the following method:

    # 1. Get the newest Mercurial with Python 3 support
sudo apt-get install mercurial

# 2. Get dependencies for TortoiseHg
sudo apt install python3-all-dev python3-pyqt5 python3-pyqt5.qsci python3-iniparse -y

# 3. Get sources of TortoiseHg
hg clone https://foss.heptapod.net/mercurial/tortoisehg/thg
cd thg
hg checkout 5.5.1

# 4. Compile TortoiseHg using Python 3
sudo apt-get install python-is-python3
make local
sudo python3 setup.py install

# 5. Install TortoiseHg extension for Caja
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
cp /usr/local/share/nautilus-python/extensions/nautilus-thg.py ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions/caja-thg.py

  • on 21.04, 21.10 and 22.04 LTS you can use sudo apt-get install tortoisehg-caja.

After installation restart Caja with caja -q && caja.

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Navigate to any folder
  3. Make right mouse click on the folder - it should show TortoiseHG menu with items Clone, Create Repository Here, Global Settings, About TortoiseHG.
  4. Click on the Create Repository Here and then Create button. This will open TortoiseHG Workbench window. Close it and press <F5> in the Caja window.

Expected results:

  • TortoiseHG repository is created, the freshly created repository has green star icon/emblem shown on top of it.

RabbitVCS

Installation:

  • for 16.04 LTS, 18.04 LTS and 19.04 install RabbitVCS with method similar to this AskUbuntu Q&A:

    sudo apt install rabbitvcs-cli python-caja python-tk git mercurial subversion

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
cd ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rabbitvcs/rabbitvcs/v0.16/clients/caja/RabbitVCS.py
caja -q
caja

  • for 19.10 use:

    sudo apt install rabbitvcs-cli python-caja python-tk git mercurial subversion

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
cd ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rabbitvcs/rabbitvcs/v0.17.1/clients/caja/RabbitVCS.py
caja -q
caja

  • for 20.04 LTS, 20.10, 21.04, 21.10 and 22.04 LTS use:

    sudo apt install rabbitvcs-cli python3-caja python3-tk git mercurial subversion

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
cd ~/.local/share/caja-python/extensions
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rabbitvcs/rabbitvcs/v0.18/clients/caja/RabbitVCS.py
caja -q
caja

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja

  2. Do one of the following:

    • Prepare folders which are controlled by version control systems:

      mkdir /tmp/vcs
git init /tmp/vcs/git
hg init /tmp/vcs/hg
svnadmin create /tmp/vcs/svn
touch /tmp/vcs/{git,hg,svn}/empty

      and navigate to the /tmp/vcs folder using Caja. Make right mouse click on each folded and select Commit.

    • Make right mouse click on some temporary folder - it should show RabbitVCS SVN, RabbitVCS Git, RabbitVCS Hg menus with rabbit icon.

  3. Click on the RabbitVCS Git → Initialize Repository. This will open Initialize Repository window. Close it by pressing OK and press <F5> in the Caja window. Repeat the method for SVN and Hg.

Expected results:

  • RabbitVCS repositories are created, freshly created repositories have green checkmark (or question mark) icon/emblem shown on top of it.

Check error output on Caja restart

To check errors and warnings during Caja restart:

  1. open two terminal windows
  2. execute tail -f ~/.xsession-errors on the first terminal
  3. execute caja -q on the second terminal

Expected results:

  • the are no serious messages with Error, Warning, Critical text

Errors and warnings about Caja itself, Caja-Python and so on

The following example may be considered as safe:

/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides/Gtk.py:50: RuntimeWarning: You have imported the Gtk 2.0 module.  Because Gtk 2.0 was not designed for use with introspection some of the interfaces and API will fail.  As such this is not supported by the pygobject development team and we encourage you to port your app to Gtk 3 or greater. PyGTK is the recomended python module to use with Gtk 2.0
  warnings.warn(warn_msg, RuntimeWarning)
sys:1: PyGIWarning: Caja was imported without specifying a version first. Use gi.require_version('Caja', '2.0') before import to ensure that the right version gets loaded.

Caja self check

Caja help page (caja --help) shows the following text about self-check (-c):

-c, --check Perform a quick set of self-check tests.

To run a self-check use:

caja --check

it should end with the following output:

running caja_self_check_file_utilities
running caja_self_check_file_operations
running caja_self_check_directory
running caja_self_check_file
running caja_self_check_icon_container
running caja_self_check_file_utilities
running caja_self_check_file_operations
running caja_self_check_directory
running caja_self_check_file
running caja_self_check_icon_container

and zero exit-code (check it with echo $?).

Desktop

Launch of symlink'ed application

Steps to test:

  1. Open MATE Terminal and create symbolic link on Desktop to some application with ln -s /usr/bin/xclock ~/Desktop/xclock
  2. Click on just created xclock symlink

Expected results:

  • the xclock application is launched

Launch of .desktop-file from /usr/share/applications

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Navigate to /usr/share/applications
  3. Double-click on the randomly selected desktop-file icon

Expected results:

  • the selected desktop-file icon has correct name and icon, the corresponding application is launched.

Launch of .desktop-file copied from /usr/share/applications

Steps to test:

  1. Copy some .desktop-file from /usr/share/applications to ~/Desktop by using Caja or by using MATE Terminal (for example cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/Desktop)
  2. Clink on just copied desktop file
  3. In the opened window click on the Mark as Trusted button

Expected results:

  • the file is .desktop-file is copied, the application is launched by clicking on this file.

Using symbolic links to file or folder on Desktop

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select needed file or folder and then click Make Link for it
  3. Move just created link to the ~/Desktop folder
  4. Double click on just moved link on the Desktop

Expected results:

  • user is able to create symbolic link to file or folder and place it on the ~/Desktop, clicking on this link opens the corresponding file or folder.

Drag and drop objects from Caja to Desktop

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select some files or folders, drag and drop them to the Desktop area

Expected results:

  • user is able to drag and drop files or folders from file manager to Destkop area.

Copy, move and paste objects from/to Desktop

Steps to test:

  1. Open Caja
  2. Select some files or folders, copy or move them from or to Desktop area

Expected results:

  • user is able to copy or move files or folders from or to Desktop area.

Drag file from Desktop and drop it to application launcher

Steps to test:

  1. Minimize all windows to show the Desktop
  2. Drag some file from Desktop and drop it to some application launcher (for example Firefox on top MATE Panel which is preinstalled)

Expected results:

  • application (Firefox) is launched and shows (or asks to save somewhere) the dropped file

Drag file from Desktop and drop it to some application launcher on Desktop

Steps to test:

  1. Minimize all windows to show the Desktop
  2. Drag some file from Desktop and drop it to some application launcher on Desktop (for example Firefox)

Expected results:

  • application (Firefox) is launched and shows (or asks to save somewhere) the dropped file

Drag URL from Firefox and drop it to any folder opened in Caja

Steps to reproduce:

  1. Open Firefox, enable Bookmarks Toolbar
  2. Bookmark some page in it to Bookmarks Toolbar
  3. Open Caja
  4. Drag some bookmark from Bookmarks Toolbar and drop it to Caja window

Expected results:

  • Caja accepted this drop, created desktop-file with URL, will allow to open the web-page on its launch

Footnotes

  1. to get Caja Actions submenu we need to create custom action from caja-actions-config-tool - press File → New action, go to Command tab and the following into Path - zenity --info --text=%b and then click File → Save. Then close Caja with caja -q and open it again, select some item and make right click on it, then select Caja-Actions Actions actions → New Caja Action. This will end with showing Information window with the text indicating current item name. ↩

  2. to get FileManager Actions submenu we need to create custom action from fma-config-tool - press File → New action, go to Command tab and the following into Path - zenity --info --text=%b and then click File → Save. Then close Caja with caja -q and open it again, select some item and make right click on it, then select FileManager-Actions actions → New Caja Action. This will end with showing Information window with the text indicating current item name. ↩