diff --git a/docs/guide/features.md b/docs/guide/features.md
index dcb3fc2b0d6092..2cbfd384947aaf 100644
--- a/docs/guide/features.md
+++ b/docs/guide/features.md
@@ -625,6 +625,20 @@ Only the globs that are relative paths are interpreted as relative to the resolv
 
 All the resulting module keys are modified to be relative to the base if provided.
 
+#### Case Sensitive Matching
+
+By default, glob pattern matching is case-sensitive. You can use the `caseSensitiveMatch` option to change this behavior:
+
+```ts twoslash
+import 'vite/client'
+// ---cut---
+const modules = import.meta.glob('./dir/module*.js', {
+  caseSensitiveMatch: false,
+})
+```
+
+With `caseSensitiveMatch: false`, the glob will match files regardless of case (e.g., `Module.js`, `module.js`, `MODULE.js` will all be matched by `module*.js`).
+
 ### Glob Import Caveats
 
 Note that:
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts
index 955c3f0766e4d6..a1c96069f2e9b9 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ const knownOptions = {
   exhaustive: ['boolean'],
   query: ['object', 'string'],
   base: ['string'],
+  caseSensitiveMatch: ['boolean'],
 }
 
 const forceDefaultAs = ['raw', 'url']
@@ -454,6 +455,7 @@ export async function transformGlobImport(
               cwd,
               dot: !!options.exhaustive,
               expandDirectories: false,
+              caseSensitiveMatch: options.caseSensitiveMatch ?? true,
               ignore: options.exhaustive ? [] : ['**/node_modules/**'],
             })
           )
diff --git a/packages/vite/types/importGlob.d.ts b/packages/vite/types/importGlob.d.ts
index dfd6f6fe6bb4d1..45afd80ee43caf 100644
--- a/packages/vite/types/importGlob.d.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/types/importGlob.d.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ export interface ImportGlobOptions<
    * Base path to resolve relative paths.
    */
   base?: string
+  /**
+   * Whether the glob pattern matching should be case-sensitive. Defaults to `true`.
+   */
+  caseSensitiveMatch?: boolean
 }
 
 export type GeneralImportGlobOptions = ImportGlobOptions<boolean, string>
diff --git a/playground/glob-import/__tests__/glob-import.spec.ts b/playground/glob-import/__tests__/glob-import.spec.ts
index 81125143c69479..8b3f5f50e7edb7 100644
--- a/playground/glob-import/__tests__/glob-import.spec.ts
+++ b/playground/glob-import/__tests__/glob-import.spec.ts
@@ -311,3 +311,22 @@ test('import.meta.glob and dynamic import vars transformations should be visible
       JSON.stringify({ globTransformed: true, dynamicImportTransformed: true }),
     )
 })
+
+test('caseSensitiveMatch option', async () => {
+  await expect
+    .poll(async () =>
+      JSON.parse(await page.textContent('.case-sensitive-true')),
+    )
+    .toStrictEqual(['./case-sensitive-dir/data-test.js'])
+
+  if (process.env._VITE_TEST_JS_PLUGIN) {
+    await expect
+      .poll(async () =>
+        JSON.parse(await page.textContent('.case-sensitive-false')),
+      )
+      .toStrictEqual([
+        './case-sensitive-dir/DATA-other.js',
+        './case-sensitive-dir/data-test.js',
+      ])
+  }
+})
diff --git a/playground/glob-import/case-sensitive-dir/DATA-other.js b/playground/glob-import/case-sensitive-dir/DATA-other.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..2057afd88aed13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/glob-import/case-sensitive-dir/DATA-other.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export default 'DATA-OTHER'
diff --git a/playground/glob-import/case-sensitive-dir/data-test.js b/playground/glob-import/case-sensitive-dir/data-test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..383a47b1d00e81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/glob-import/case-sensitive-dir/data-test.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export default 'data-test'
diff --git a/playground/glob-import/index.html b/playground/glob-import/index.html
index 20d4467361e2d7..03b9a61ef0c8ab 100644
--- a/playground/glob-import/index.html
+++ b/playground/glob-import/index.html
@@ -214,3 +214,38 @@ <h2>Transform visibility</h2>
   document.querySelector('.transform-visibility').textContent =
     JSON.stringify(result)
 </script>
+
+<h2>Case Sensitive Match (default: true)</h2>
+<pre class="case-sensitive-true"></pre>
+
+<h2>Case Sensitive Match (false)</h2>
+<pre class="case-sensitive-false"></pre>
+
+<script type="module">
+  const caseSensitiveModules = import.meta.glob(
+    './case-sensitive-dir/data-*.js',
+    {
+      eager: true,
+      import: 'default',
+    },
+  )
+  document.querySelector('.case-sensitive-true').textContent = JSON.stringify(
+    Object.keys(caseSensitiveModules).sort(),
+    null,
+    2,
+  )
+
+  const caseInsensitiveModules = import.meta.glob(
+    './case-sensitive-dir/data-*.js',
+    {
+      eager: true,
+      import: 'default',
+      caseSensitiveMatch: false,
+    },
+  )
+  document.querySelector('.case-sensitive-false').textContent = JSON.stringify(
+    Object.keys(caseInsensitiveModules).sort(),
+    null,
+    2,
+  )
+</script>