From 61764af270c3b2ef67bdf56f9d624f99465a8fae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Wei-Hsin Yeh <weihsinyeh168@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 6 Oct 2024 23:09:19 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Add the Gaussian function to blur a pixmap

Use Pascal's Triangle to approximate a 5x5 Gaussian Kernel, and apply
Gaussian blur on the 'twin_pixmap_t' to implement the blurring
technique.

See: sysprog21#34
---
 include/twin.h         |  2 ++
 include/twin_private.h | 15 +++++++++++++
 mk/common.mk           |  3 ++-
 src/draw.c             | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/image-png.c        |  1 +
 5 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/twin.h b/include/twin.h
index 356ccaa..7d5c051 100644
--- a/include/twin.h
+++ b/include/twin.h
@@ -648,6 +648,8 @@ void twin_fill(twin_pixmap_t *dst,
 
 void twin_premultiply_alpha(twin_pixmap_t *px);
 
+void twin_gaussian_blur(twin_pixmap_t *px);
+
 /*
  * event.c
  */
diff --git a/include/twin_private.h b/include/twin_private.h
index 99586d3..598ba48 100644
--- a/include/twin_private.h
+++ b/include/twin_private.h
@@ -586,6 +586,21 @@ void _twin_button_init(twin_button_t *button,
 
 /* utility */
 
+#define min(x, y)            \
+    ({                       \
+        typeof(x) _x = (x);  \
+        typeof(y) _y = (y);  \
+        (void) (&_x == &_y); \
+        _x < _y ? _x : _y;   \
+    })
+
+#define max(x, y)            \
+    ({                       \
+        typeof(x) _x = (x);  \
+        typeof(y) _y = (y);  \
+        (void) (&_x == &_y); \
+        _x > _y ? _x : _y;   \
+    })
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #include <intrin.h>
 static inline int twin_clz(uint32_t v)
diff --git a/mk/common.mk b/mk/common.mk
index 4bd99bb..d9a135e 100644
--- a/mk/common.mk
+++ b/mk/common.mk
@@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ RM         := rm -rf
 MKDIR      := mkdir -p
 
 __CFLAGS := -Wall -Wextra
-__CFLAGS += -O2
+__CFLAGS += -O2 -pipe -g
+__CFLAGS += -fsanitize=address -static-libasan
 __CFLAGS += $(CFLAGS)
 
 uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo not')
diff --git a/src/draw.c b/src/draw.c
index e3f1655..3ce3716 100644
--- a/src/draw.c
+++ b/src/draw.c
@@ -723,6 +723,55 @@ void twin_premultiply_alpha(twin_pixmap_t *px)
     }
 }
 
+static twin_argb32_t _twin_apply_gaussian(twin_argb32_t v,
+                                          uint8_t wght,
+                                          twin_argb32_t *r,
+                                          twin_argb32_t *g,
+                                          twin_argb32_t *b)
+{
+    *r += ((((v & 0x00ff0000) >> 16) * (twin_argb32_t) wght) << 8) & 0x00ff0000;
+    *g += (((v & 0x0000ff00) >> 8) * (twin_argb32_t) wght) & 0x0000ff00;
+    *b += ((((v & 0x000000ff) >> 0) * (twin_argb32_t) wght) >> 8) & 0x000000ff;
+}
+
+void twin_gaussian_blur(twin_pixmap_t *px)
+{
+    if (px->format != TWIN_ARGB32)
+        return;
+
+    uint8_t kernel[5][5] = {{0x01, 0x04, 0x06, 0x04, 0x01},
+                            {0x04, 0x10, 0x18, 0x10, 0x04},
+                            {0x06, 0x18, 0x24, 0x18, 0x06},
+                            {0x04, 0x10, 0x18, 0x10, 0x04},
+                            {0x01, 0x04, 0x06, 0x04, 0x01}};
+    twin_pointer_t ptr, tmp_ptr;
+    twin_pixmap_t *tmp_px =
+        twin_pixmap_create(px->format, px->width, px->height);
+    memcpy(tmp_px->p.v, px->p.v,
+           px->width * px->height * twin_bytes_per_pixel(px->format));
+
+    int radius = 2, _y, _x;
+    twin_argb32_t r, g, b;
+    for (int screen_y = 0; screen_y < px->height; screen_y++)
+        for (int screen_x = 0; screen_x < px->width; screen_x++) {
+            r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
+            ptr = twin_pixmap_pointer(px, screen_x, screen_y);
+            for (int y = -radius; y <= radius; y++) {
+                _y = min(max(screen_y + y, 0), px->height - 1);
+                for (int x = -radius; x <= radius; x++) {
+                    _x = min(max(screen_x + x, 0), px->width - 1);
+                    tmp_ptr = twin_pixmap_pointer(tmp_px, _x, _y);
+                    _twin_apply_gaussian(*tmp_ptr.argb32,
+                                         kernel[x + radius][y + radius], &r, &g,
+                                         &b);
+                }
+            }
+            *ptr.argb32 = (*ptr.argb32 & 0xff000000) | r | g | b;
+        }
+
+    twin_pixmap_destroy(tmp_px);
+}
+
 /*
  * array primary    index is OVER SOURCE
  * array secondary  index is ARGB32 RGB16 A8
diff --git a/src/image-png.c b/src/image-png.c
index 96e3f60..c0e5545 100644
--- a/src/image-png.c
+++ b/src/image-png.c
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ twin_pixmap_t *_twin_png_to_pixmap(const char *filepath, twin_format_t fmt)
         _convertBGRtoARGB(pix->p.b, width, height);
 #endif
         twin_premultiply_alpha(pix);
+        twin_gaussian_blur(pix);
     }
 
 bail_free: