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git-stash.sh
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git-stash.sh
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#!/bin/bash
# This is git-basics.sh from https://github.com/wilsonmar/git-utilities
# Described in https://wilsonmar.github.io/git-basics
# This script performs the most common actions resulting in the various statuses,
# so you can make changes and see the effect.
# Remember to chmod +x git-basics.sh first, then paste this command in your terminal
# sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wilsonmar/git-utilities/master/git-basics.sh)"
function fancy_echo() {
local fmt="$1"; shift
printf "\\n>>> $fmt\\n" "$@"
}
clear
WORKING_FOLDER="$1" # from 1st argument
if [[ -z "${WORKING_FOLDER// }" ]]; then #it's blank so assign default:
WORKING_FOLDER="git-basics-working"
fi
cd ~/
rm -rf $WORKING_FOLDER
mkdir $WORKING_FOLDER
cd $WORKING_FOLDER
fancy_echo "1. WORKING_FOLDER is $PWD:"
fancy_echo "0. git init within $PWD:"
git init # to initialized empty repository
# Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/wilsonmar/git_repo/.git/
# Mute warnings on Windows machines:
git config --global core.safecrlf false
# No response is expected.
fancy_echo "2. Add README.md and .gitignore to staging"
echo "$ echo \"#git-basics.sh\" > README.md"
echo "#git-basics.sh">README.md
echo "$ echo \"amy\">.gitignore"
echo "amy">.gitignore
echo "$ git add ."
git add .
echo "$ git commit -m\"1st commit - $MSG\""
git commit -m"1st commit - $MSG"
# [master (root-commit) 4ca8a19] 1st commit - 2. Add README.md and .gitignore to staging
# 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
# create mode 100644 .gitignore
# create mode 100644 README.md
echo ">>> NOTE: hash code 4ca8a19 and others are new with every run."
MSG="3. I'm Amy. I get ignored."
echo "$ echo \"$MSG\">amy"
echo "$MSG">amy
MSG="4. I'm Bob. I never go anywhere and stay untracked."
echo "$ echo \"$MSG\">bob"
echo "$MSG">bob
MSG="5. I'm Chris. I visit the Index."
echo "$ echo \"$MSG\">chris"
echo "$MSG">chris
echo "$ git add chris"
git add chris
echo ">>> git add does not issue a response message unless there is an error."
MSG="6. I'm Don. I got committed once."
echo "$ echo \"$MSG\">don"
echo "$MSG">don
echo "$ git add don"
git add don
echo "$ git commit -m\"2nd commit - $MSG\""
git commit -m"2nd commit - $MSG"
# [master f6e6fb3] 2nd commit - 6. I'm Don. I got committed once.
# 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
# create mode 100644 chris
# create mode 100644 don
echo ">>> NOTE: chris and don got committed together."
MSG="7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon be modified."
echo "$ echo \"$MSG\">ed"
echo "$MSG" >ed
echo "$ git add ed"
git add ed
echo "$ git commit -m\"3rd commit - $MSG\""
git commit -m "3rd commit - $MSG"
# [master 4e4bada] 3rd commit with 7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon escape by being edited.
# 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
# create mode 100644 ed
echo "$ echo \"Now I'm outside.\" >>ed # concatenated."
echo "Now I'm outside." >>ed # concatenated.
fancy_echo "Add 2nd line to file ed. cat ed shows two lines:"
echo "$ cat ed"
cat ed
echo ">>> End of file we're actively working on."
MSG="8. I'm Finn. I got edited and added back, but not committed."
echo -e "\n$ echo \"$MSG\" >finn"
echo $MSG>finn
echo "$ git add finn"
git add finn
echo "$ git commit -m\"4th commit - $MSG\""
git commit -m"4th commit - $MSG"
# [master c21af48] 4th commit - 8. I'm Finn. I got edited and added back, but not committed.
# 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
# create mode 100644 finn
echo "$ echo \"Now I'm outside.\" >>finn"
echo ">>> git add finn"
echo "$ git add finn"
git add finn
fancy_echo "cat finn shows two lines:"
echo "$ cat finn"
cat finn
echo ">>> 9. finn and george are committed together as 2 files:"
MSG="9a. I'm George. I'm a frequent traveler."
echo "$ echo \"$MSG\">george"
echo "$MSG">george
echo "$ git add george"
git add george
echo "$ git commit -m\"5th commit - $MSG\""
git commit -m"5th commit - $MSG"
echo "$ echo \"Now I'm outside.\" >>george\" # concatenate"
echo "Now I'm outside." >>george
echo "$ git add george"
git add george
MSG="9b. George is committed again."
echo "$ git commit -m\"6th commit - $MSG\" "
git commit -m"6th commit - $MSG"
MSG="10. I'm Harry."
echo "$ \"$MSG\">harry"
echo "$MSG">harry
echo ">>> (Harry will later be stashed and removed without entering commit.)"
fancy_echo "11. ls -a # Listing files (using ls -a) in folder $WORKING_FOLDER :"
ls -a
# . .. .git .gitignore README.md amy bob chris don ed finn george harry
fancy_echo "12. git status -s -b"
git status -s -b
# ## master
# M ed
# ?? bob
# ?? harry
echo ">>> NOTE: Ignored (amy) and Committed files (chris, don, ed, finn, george) don't appear on git status."
echo ">>> PROTIP: The "M" nex to file ed means Modified and thus being tracked by Git."
fancy_echo "13. git log --pretty=format:"%h %s %ad" --graph --since=10.days --date=relative "
git log --pretty=format:"%h %s %ad" --graph --since=10.days --date=relative
# * 9af0a6d 6th commit - 9b. George rises again. 0 seconds ago
# * 473b096 5th commit - 9a. I'm George. My first commit. 0 seconds ago
# * c21af48 4th commit - 8. I'm Finn. I got edited and added back, but not committed. 0 seconds ago
# * 4e4bada 3rd commit - 7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon escape by being edited. 0 seconds ago
# * f6e6fb3 2nd commit - 6. I'm Don. I got committed once. 0 seconds ago
# * 4ca8a19 1st commit - 2. Add README.md and .gitignore to staging 0 seconds ago
fancy_echo "14. git reflog # (of git actions) after initial commits:"
git reflog
# 9af0a6d (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{0}: commit: 6th commit - 9b. George rises again.
# 473b096 HEAD@{1}: commit: 5th commit - 9a. I'm George. My first commit.
# c21af48 HEAD@{2}: commit: 4th commit - 8. I'm Finn. I got edited and added back, but not committed.
# 4e4bada HEAD@{3}: commit: 3rd commit - 7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon escape by being edited.
# f6e6fb3 HEAD@{4}: commit: 2nd commit - 6. I'm Don. I got committed once.
# 4ca8a19 HEAD@{5}: commit (initial): 1st commit - 2. Add README.md and .gitignore to staging
fancy_echo "15. git checkout HEAD@{4} # attempt (at TIME TRAVEL):"
git checkout HEAD@{4}
# error: Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by checkout:
# ed
# Please commit your changes or stash them before you switch branches.
# Aborting
fancy_echo "16. git stash save \"working on ed outside after adding Harry.\""
git stash save "working on ed outside after adding Harry."
echo ">>> NOTE: Untracked files do not get stashed by default."
fancy_echo "17. git stash list"
git stash list
fancy_echo "18. git stash show"
git stash show
fancy_echo "19. git status -s -b # after git stash and before going back in time:"
git status -s -b
echo ">>> NOTE: Untracked files still there on the sidelines."
fancy_echo "20. git checkout HEAD@{4} # when Don was committed:"
git checkout HEAD@{4}
# Note: checking out 'HEAD@{4}'.
# You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
# changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
# state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.
# HEAD is now at 744646a 3rd commit - 7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon be modified.
fancy_echo "21. cat ed # contents: It doesn't contain 2nd line:"
cat ed
echo ">>> end of file."
fancy_echo "22. ls -a # listing files after checkout:"
ls -a
# . .. .git .gitignore README.md amy bob chris don ed harry
echo ">>> Notice finn and george are not included because they happen after the point of checkout."
fancy_echo "23. git reflog -n 6 # after checkout HEAD@{4}:"
git reflog -n 6
# 4e4bada (HEAD) HEAD@{0}: checkout: moving from master to HEAD@{4}
# 9af0a6d (master) HEAD@{1}: reset: moving to HEAD
# 9af0a6d (master) HEAD@{2}: commit: 6th commit - 9b. George rises again.
# 473b096 HEAD@{3}: commit: 5th commit - 9a. I'm George. My first commit.
# c21af48 HEAD@{4}: commit: 4th commit - 8. I'm Finn. I got edited and added back, but not committed.
# 4e4bada (HEAD) HEAD@{5}: commit: 3rd commit with 7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon escape by being edited.
echo ">>> NOTE: finn, george are included in reflog because it lists all actions."
fancy_echo "24. concatenate line to file don:"
echo "$ echo \"Touched while away\" >>don "
echo "Touched while away" >>don
fancy_echo "25. git status -s -b # shows file done was modified:"
git status -s -b
fancy_echo "26. git checkout master # back to master:"
git checkout master
# M don
# Previous HEAD position was 9c31cef 3rd commit - 7. I'm Ed. But I'll soon be modified.
# Switched to branch 'master'
fancy_echo "27. ls -a # Listing files shows the whole gang is back together (from amy to george)."
ls -a
fancy_echo "28. cat don "
cat don
echo ">>> Modification to don is carried forward."
fancy_echo "29. git stash pop"
git stash pop
# Dropped refs/stash@{0} (6023f95782622e62ee219fac3076827ee1463e1c)
fancy_echo "30. git status -s -b # after stack pop:"
git status -s -b
# ## master
# M ed
# ?? bob
# ?? harry
fancy_echo "31. cat ed # (display contents of) file ed:"
cat ed
echo ">>> NOTE: see the second line is back."
fancy_echo "32. git stash list # after pop:"
git stash list
echo ">>> nothing returns if the list is empty."
fancy_echo "33. git reflog -n 3 # after checkout master:"
git reflog -n 3
# 32fa405 (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{0}: checkout: moving from 2bebeecd4ca251429b958275805675d206501353 to master
# 2bebeec HEAD@{1}: checkout: moving from master to HEAD@{4}
# 32fa405 (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{2}: reset: moving to HEAD
fancy_echo "34a. Some prefer an alternate to stash in checking out a branch:"
echo "$ git checkout -b tmpbranch:"
git checkout -b tmpbranch
fancy_echo "34b. cat (display contents) of harry"
cat harry
echo ">>> end of file"
fancy_echo "34c. git add & commit -m\"saving harry\" "
git add harry
git commit -m "saving harry"
fancy_echo "34d. git status -s -b after saving harry:"
git status -s -b
# ## master
# M ed
# ?? bob
# ?? harry
fancy_echo "34f. git checkout master"
git checkout master
fancy_echo "34g. git branch -vv"
git branch -vv
fancy_echo "34h. ls -a # Listing files shows the whole gang is back together (from amy to george)."
ls -a
exit
fancy_echo "36. New branch AddIngrid:"
git checkout -b Add-Ingrid
fancy_echo "Git reflog:"
git reflog -n 5