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1396. 设计地铁系统

English Version

题目描述

地铁系统跟踪不同车站之间的乘客出行时间，并使用这一数据来计算从一站到另一站的平均时间。

实现 UndergroundSystem 类：

  • void checkIn(int id, string stationName, int t)
    • 通行卡 ID 等于 id 的乘客，在时间 t ，从 stationName 站进入
    • 乘客一次只能从一个站进入
  • void checkOut(int id, string stationName, int t)
    • 通行卡 ID 等于 id 的乘客，在时间 t ，从 stationName 站离开
  • double getAverageTime(string startStation, string endStation)
    • 返回从 startStation 站到 endStation 站的平均时间
    • 平均时间会根据截至目前所有从 startStation 站 直接 到达 endStation 站的行程进行计算，也就是从 startStation 站进入并从 endStation 离开的行程
    • 从 startStation 到 endStation 的行程时间与从 endStation 到 startStation 的行程时间可能不同
    • 在调用 getAverageTime 之前，至少有一名乘客从 startStation 站到达 endStation 站

你可以假设对 checkIn 和 checkOut 方法的所有调用都是符合逻辑的。如果一名乘客在时间 t1 进站、时间 t2 出站，那么 t1 < t2 。所有时间都按时间顺序发生。

 

示例 1：

输入
["UndergroundSystem","checkIn","checkIn","checkIn","checkOut","checkOut","checkOut","getAverageTime","getAverageTime","checkIn","getAverageTime","checkOut","getAverageTime"]
[[],[45,"Leyton",3],[32,"Paradise",8],[27,"Leyton",10],[45,"Waterloo",15],[27,"Waterloo",20],[32,"Cambridge",22],["Paradise","Cambridge"],["Leyton","Waterloo"],[10,"Leyton",24],["Leyton","Waterloo"],[10,"Waterloo",38],["Leyton","Waterloo"]]

输出
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,14.00000,11.00000,null,11.00000,null,12.00000]

解释
UndergroundSystem undergroundSystem = new UndergroundSystem();
undergroundSystem.checkIn(45, "Leyton", 3);
undergroundSystem.checkIn(32, "Paradise", 8);
undergroundSystem.checkIn(27, "Leyton", 10);
undergroundSystem.checkOut(45, "Waterloo", 15);  // 乘客 45 "Leyton" -> "Waterloo" ，用时 15-3 = 12
undergroundSystem.checkOut(27, "Waterloo", 20);  // 乘客 27 "Leyton" -> "Waterloo" ，用时 20-10 = 10
undergroundSystem.checkOut(32, "Cambridge", 22); // 乘客 32 "Paradise" -> "Cambridge" ，用时 22-8 = 14
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Paradise", "Cambridge"); // 返回 14.00000 。只有一个 "Paradise" -> "Cambridge" 的行程，(14) / 1 = 14
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Leyton", "Waterloo");    // 返回 11.00000 。有两个 "Leyton" -> "Waterloo" 的行程，(10 + 12) / 2 = 11
undergroundSystem.checkIn(10, "Leyton", 24);
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Leyton", "Waterloo");    // 返回 11.00000
undergroundSystem.checkOut(10, "Waterloo", 38);  // 乘客 10 "Leyton" -> "Waterloo" ，用时 38-24 = 14
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Leyton", "Waterloo");    // 返回 12.00000 。有三个 "Leyton" -> "Waterloo" 的行程，(10 + 12 + 14) / 3 = 12

示例 2：

输入
["UndergroundSystem","checkIn","checkOut","getAverageTime","checkIn","checkOut","getAverageTime","checkIn","checkOut","getAverageTime"]
[[],[10,"Leyton",3],[10,"Paradise",8],["Leyton","Paradise"],[5,"Leyton",10],[5,"Paradise",16],["Leyton","Paradise"],[2,"Leyton",21],[2,"Paradise",30],["Leyton","Paradise"]]

输出
[null,null,null,5.00000,null,null,5.50000,null,null,6.66667]

解释
UndergroundSystem undergroundSystem = new UndergroundSystem();
undergroundSystem.checkIn(10, "Leyton", 3);
undergroundSystem.checkOut(10, "Paradise", 8); // 乘客 10 "Leyton" -> "Paradise" ，用时 8-3 = 5
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Leyton", "Paradise"); // 返回 5.00000 ，(5) / 1 = 5
undergroundSystem.checkIn(5, "Leyton", 10);
undergroundSystem.checkOut(5, "Paradise", 16); // 乘客 5 "Leyton" -> "Paradise" ，用时 16-10 = 6
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Leyton", "Paradise"); // 返回 5.50000 ，(5 + 6) / 2 = 5.5
undergroundSystem.checkIn(2, "Leyton", 21);
undergroundSystem.checkOut(2, "Paradise", 30); // 乘客 2 "Leyton" -> "Paradise" ，用时 30-21 = 9
undergroundSystem.getAverageTime("Leyton", "Paradise"); // 返回 6.66667 ，(5 + 6 + 9) / 3 = 6.66667

 

提示：

  • 1 <= id, t <= 106
  • 1 <= stationName.length, startStation.length, endStation.length <= 10 次
  • 所有字符串由大小写英文字母与数字组成
  • 总共最多调用 checkIn、checkOut 和 getAverageTime 方法 2 * 104
  • 与标准答案误差在 10-5 以内的结果都被视为正确结果

解法

“哈希表”实现。

Python3

class UndergroundSystem:
    def __init__(self):
        self.check_in_station = {}
        self.check_in_time = {}
        self.total_time = {}

    def checkIn(self, id: int, stationName: str, t: int) -> None:
        self.check_in_station[id] = stationName
        self.check_in_time[id] = t

    def checkOut(self, id: int, stationName: str, t: int) -> None:
        cost = t - self.check_in_time.pop(id)
        start_station = self.check_in_station.pop(id)
        stations = start_station + '.' + stationName
        times = self.total_time.get(stations, [0, 0])
        times[0] += cost
        times[1] += 1
        self.total_time[stations] = times

    def getAverageTime(self, startStation: str, endStation: str) -> float:
        stations = startStation + '.' + endStation
        times = self.total_time[stations]
        return times[0] / times[1]


# Your UndergroundSystem object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = UndergroundSystem()
# obj.checkIn(id,stationName,t)
# obj.checkOut(id,stationName,t)
# param_3 = obj.getAverageTime(startStation,endStation)

Java

class UndergroundSystem {
    private Map<Integer, String> checkInStation;
    private Map<Integer, Integer> checkInTime;
    private Map<String, int[]> totalTime;

    public UndergroundSystem() {
        checkInStation = new HashMap<>();
        checkInTime = new HashMap<>();
        totalTime = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public void checkIn(int id, String stationName, int t) {
        checkInStation.put(id, stationName);
        checkInTime.put(id, t);
    }

    public void checkOut(int id, String stationName, int t) {
        int cost = t - checkInTime.remove(id);
        String startStation = checkInStation.remove(id);
        String stations = startStation + "." + stationName;
        int[] times = totalTime.getOrDefault(stations, new int[2]);
        times[0] += cost;
        ++times[1];
        totalTime.put(stations, times);
    }

    public double getAverageTime(String startStation, String endStation) {
        String stations = startStation + "." + endStation;
        int[] times = totalTime.get(stations);
        return times[0] * 1.0 / times[1];
    }
}

/**
 * Your UndergroundSystem object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * UndergroundSystem obj = new UndergroundSystem();
 * obj.checkIn(id,stationName,t);
 * obj.checkOut(id,stationName,t);
 * double param_3 = obj.getAverageTime(startStation,endStation);
 */

...