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English Version

题目描述

给你区间的 集,请你设计并实现满足要求的数据结构:

  • 新增:添加一个区间到这个区间集合中。
  • 统计:计算出现在 至少一个 区间中的整数个数。

实现 CountIntervals 类:

  • CountIntervals() 使用区间的空集初始化对象
  • void add(int left, int right) 添加区间 [left, right] 到区间集合之中。
  • int count() 返回出现在 至少一个 区间中的整数个数。

注意:区间 [left, right] 表示满足 left <= x <= right 的所有整数 x

 

示例 1:

输入
["CountIntervals", "add", "add", "count", "add", "count"]
[[], [2, 3], [7, 10], [], [5, 8], []]
输出
[null, null, null, 6, null, 8]

解释
CountIntervals countIntervals = new CountIntervals(); // 用一个区间空集初始化对象
countIntervals.add(2, 3);  // 将 [2, 3] 添加到区间集合中
countIntervals.add(7, 10); // 将 [7, 10] 添加到区间集合中
countIntervals.count();    // 返回 6
                           // 整数 2 和 3 出现在区间 [2, 3] 中
                           // 整数 7、8、9、10 出现在区间 [7, 10] 中
countIntervals.add(5, 8);  // 将 [5, 8] 添加到区间集合中
countIntervals.count();    // 返回 8
                           // 整数 2 和 3 出现在区间 [2, 3] 中
                           // 整数 5 和 6 出现在区间 [5, 8] 中
                           // 整数 7 和 8 出现在区间 [5, 8] 和区间 [7, 10] 中
                           // 整数 9 和 10 出现在区间 [7, 10] 中

 

提示:

  • 1 <= left <= right <= 109
  • 最多调用  addcount 方法 总计 105
  • 调用 count 方法至少一次

解法

方法一:线段树

区间求和问题,且值域较大,采用动态开点线段树。

Python3

class Node:
    def __init__(self):
        self.tag = 0
        self.tot = 0
        self.left = None
        self.right = None

    def update(self, l, r, a, b):
        if self.tag == 1:
            return
        mid = (a + b) >> 1
        if l == a and r == b:
            self.tag = 1
            self.tot = b - a + 1
            return
        if not self.left:
            self.left = Node()
        if not self.right:
            self.right = Node()
        if mid >= l:
            self.left.update(l, min(mid, r), a, mid)
        if mid + 1 <= r:
            self.right.update(max(mid + 1, l), r, mid + 1, b)
        self.tag = 0
        self.tot = self.left.tot + self.right.tot


class CountIntervals:
    def __init__(self):
        self.tree = Node()

    def add(self, left: int, right: int) -> None:
        self.tree.update(left, right, 0, 1000000010)

    def count(self) -> int:
        return self.tree.tot


# Your CountIntervals object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = CountIntervals()
# obj.add(left,right)
# param_2 = obj.count()

Java

class Node {
    Node left;
    Node right;
    int l;
    int r;
    int mid;
    int v;
    int add;

    public Node(int l, int r) {
        this.l = l;
        this.r = r;
        this.mid = (l + r) >> 1;
    }
}

class SegmentTree {
    private Node root = new Node(1, (int) 1e9 + 1);

    public SegmentTree() {
    }

    public void modify(int l, int r, int v) {
        modify(l, r, v, root);
    }

    public void modify(int l, int r, int v, Node node) {
        if (l > r) {
            return;
        }
        if (node.l >= l && node.r <= r) {
            node.v = node.r - node.l + 1;
            node.add = v;
            return;
        }
        pushdown(node);
        if (l <= node.mid) {
            modify(l, r, v, node.left);
        }
        if (r > node.mid) {
            modify(l, r, v, node.right);
        }
        pushup(node);
    }

    public int query(int l, int r) {
        return query(l, r, root);
    }

    public int query(int l, int r, Node node) {
        if (l > r) {
            return 0;
        }
        if (node.l >= l && node.r <= r) {
            return node.v;
        }
        pushdown(node);
        int v = 0;
        if (l <= node.mid) {
            v += query(l, r, node.left);
        }
        if (r > node.mid) {
            v += query(l, r, node.right);
        }
        return v;
    }

    public void pushup(Node node) {
        node.v = node.left.v + node.right.v;
    }

    public void pushdown(Node node) {
        if (node.left == null) {
            node.left = new Node(node.l, node.mid);
        }
        if (node.right == null) {
            node.right = new Node(node.mid + 1, node.r);
        }
        if (node.add != 0) {
            Node left = node.left, right = node.right;
            left.add = node.add;
            right.add = node.add;
            left.v = left.r - left.l + 1;
            right.v = right.r - right.l + 1;
            node.add = 0;
        }
    }
}

class CountIntervals {
    private SegmentTree tree = new SegmentTree();

    public CountIntervals() {
    }

    public void add(int left, int right) {
        tree.modify(left, right, 1);
    }

    public int count() {
        return tree.query(1, (int) 1e9);
    }
}

/**
 * Your CountIntervals object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * CountIntervals obj = new CountIntervals();
 * obj.add(left,right);
 * int param_2 = obj.count();
 */

TypeScript

class CountIntervals {
    left: null | CountIntervals;
    right: null | CountIntervals;
    start: number;
    end: number;
    sum: number;
    constructor(start: number = 0, end: number = 10 ** 9) {
        this.left = null;
        this.right = null;
        this.start = start;
        this.end = end;
        this.sum = 0;
    }

    add(left: number, right: number): void {
        if (this.sum == this.end - this.start + 1) return;
        if (left <= this.start && right >= this.end) {
            this.sum = this.end - this.start + 1;
            return;
        }
        let mid = (this.start + this.end) >> 1;
        if (!this.left) this.left = new CountIntervals(this.start, mid);
        if (!this.right) this.right = new CountIntervals(mid + 1, this.end);
        if (left <= mid) this.left.add(left, right);
        if (right > mid) this.right.add(left, right);
        this.sum = this.left.sum + this.right.sum;
    }

    count(): number {
        return this.sum;
    }
}

/**
 * Your CountIntervals object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * var obj = new CountIntervals()
 * obj.add(left,right)
 * var param_2 = obj.count()
 */

...