Conceptual Understanding

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a two stranded genetic molecule consisting of 4 nucleic bases:

• Adenine (A)
• Thymine (T)
• Cytosine (C)
• Guanine (G)

A - T

C - G

DNA mocules have the capacity to store, transmit, and process information by combining its chemical capabilities with classical crytography

Encryption: plain text -> encryption algorithm (encryption key) -> cipher text

Decryption: cipher text -> decryption algorithm (encryption key) -> plain text

Research

https://github.com/nitya123-github/DNA-Genetic-Encryption

General Workflow

1. Take in input text -> using input
2. Convert the input text into binary
3. Divide items into bit segments of 2 bit lengths [2 bits turn into one nucleotide]

This project will utilize the UTF-8 encoding. thie format can translate any Unicode character. Each ASCII code affilliated with a character in Unicode maps to a byte. For example:

Character	ACSCII	Byte
A	065	01000001
9	057	00111001
?	063	00111111

The nuclotide bases can be represented using 2 bits Since 2^2 = 4 with the four possible states being

00 -> A (Adenine) 01 -> G (Guanine) 10 -> C (Cytosine) 11 -> T (Thymine)

Plain text Message -> ACII Binary -> 2-bit binary encoding rule (base) -> Calculate frequencies of each base -> Human coding rule based on frequency (variable length code for each base) -> Convert the message into Mbin using variable length code

P (Plain text) -> M (DNA Bases) -> MBIN variable length code for each base

Core Components of an Encryption Algorithm

1. Text Type Support
2. Binary Coding Rule (2-Bit Binary Coding Rule)
3. Encryption Type Specification
4. Encryption Algorithm
5. Data Hiding Algorithm
6. Blind and Not Blind Specification