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In this file, we prove the Prime Number Theorem. Continuations of this project aim to extend | ||
this work to primes in progressions (Dirichlet's theorem), Chebytarev's density theorem, etc | ||
etc. | ||
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A function is Meromorphic on a rectangle with corners $z$ and $w$ if it is holomorphic off a | ||
(finite) set of poles, none of which are on the boundary of the rectangle. | ||
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Discuss polar behavior of meromorphic functions | ||
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A | ||
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We show that if a function is meromorphic on a rectangle, then the rectangle integral of the | ||
function is equal to the sum of the residues of the function at its poles. | ||
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MellinTransform | ||
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Mellin Inversion (Goldfeld-Kontorovich) | ||
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ChebyshevPsi | ||
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ZeroFreeRegion | ||
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Hadamard Factorization | ||
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Hoffstein-Lockhart + Goldfeld-Hoffstein-Liemann | ||
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LSeries (NatPos->C) | ||
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RiemannZetaFunction | ||
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RectangleIntegral | ||
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ResidueTheoremOnRectangle | ||
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ArgumentPrincipleOnRectangle | ||
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Break rectangle into lots of little rectangles where f is holomorphic, and squares with center at a pole | ||
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HasPoleAt f z : TendsTo 1/f (N 0) | ||
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Equiv: TendsTo f atTop | ||
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Then locally f looks like (z-z_0)^N g | ||
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For all c sufficiently small, integral over big rectangle with finitely many poles is equal to rectangle integral localized at each pole. | ||
Rectangles tile rectangles! (But not circles -> circles) No need for toy contours! | ||
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\begin{definition} | ||
The Chebyshev Psi function is defined as | ||
$$ | ||
\psi(x) = \sum_{n \leq x} \Lambda(n), | ||
$$ | ||
where $\Lambda(n)$ is the von Mangoldt function. | ||
\end{definition} | ||
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Main Theorem: The Prime Number Theorem | ||
\begin{theorem}[PrimeNumberTheorem] | ||
$$ | ||
ψ (x) = x + O(x e^{-c \sqrt{\log x}}) | ||
$$ | ||
as $x\to \infty$. | ||
\end{theorem} | ||
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