[clickhouse-jdbc] describe SELECT queries to retrieve metadata

[sylph-eu]

Summary

This is an attempt to reanimate #1434 to enable getMetadata() method to return metadata for a prepared SELECT query that hasn't yet been executed. Also see #1430 .

This functionality is needed (among other use-cases) to support query passthrough for clickhouse-connector inside Trino.

Implementation

DESCRIBE (<select>) is used to retrieve metadata about SELECT query that hasn't yet been executed.

Contrary to #1434 the method requires the query to be "recognized" and be SELECT, thus removing the ambiguity of supporting different query types. Otherwise it wraps the query inside DESCRIBE () clause to build respective metadata object.

Additional unit tests were added to address remarks to the original PR.

Checklist

Delete items not relevant to your PR:

• [X ] Unit and integration tests covering the common scenarios were added
• [X ] A human-readable description of the changes was provided to include in CHANGELOG

cc: @zhicwu , @ebyhr

[chernser]

@sylph-eu Thank you for the contribution!