- Introduction
- Message Digest (Hash)
- Symmetric cryptography ciphers
- Random
- Passphrase
- libgcrypt versions/features
- Multi-threading
- Installation
- License
A Raku interface to libgcrypt.
Libgcrypt is a general purpose cryptographic library originally
based on code from GnuPG. It provides functions for all
cryptograhic building blocks: symmetric cipher algorithms (AES,
Arcfour, Blowfish, Camellia, CAST5, ChaCha20 DES, GOST28147,
Salsa20, SEED, Serpent, Twofish) and modes
(ECB,CFB,CBC,OFB,CTR,CCM,GCM,OCB,POLY1305,AESWRAP), hash
algorithms (MD2, MD4, MD5, GOST R 34.11, RIPE-MD160, SHA-1,
SHA2-224, SHA2-256, SHA2-384, SHA2-512, SHA3-224, SHA3-256,
SHA3-384, SHA3-512, SHAKE-128, SHAKE-256, TIGER-192, Whirlpool),
MACs (HMAC for all hash algorithms, CMAC for all cipher
algorithms, GMAC-AES, GMAC-CAMELLIA, GMAC-TWOFISH, GMAC-SERPENT,
GMAC-SEED, Poly1305, Poly1305-AES, Poly1305-CAMELLIA,
Poly1305-TWOFISH, Poly1305-SERPENT, Poly1305-SEED), and
random numbers.
Note, this is still a work in progress, more features may or may not be forthcoming!! Patches welcome!!
A message digest or cryptographic hash function is a function that maps data of arbitrary size to a bit string of fixed size, the hash or digest.
use Gcrypt::Simple :MD5; # Import routines you specify, or use :ALL for all
say MD5('Some text').hex; # 9db5682a4d778ca2cb79580bdb67083f
say MD5(slurp).hex; # print md5sum of STDIN
my $obj = MD5; # Get a new object
$obj.write("$_\n") for lines; # Incremental calculation
say $obj.digest; # Blob
say $obj.hex; # Hex string
say $obj.dec; # Decimal
say $obj.hex(:reset); # Each of these can take :reset to reset the obj
$obj.reset; # or call reset to Reuse object on another message
Available Hashes:
MD5 SHA1 RIPEMD160 TIGER SHA256 SHA384 SHA512 SHA224 MD4 CRC32 CRC32_RFC1510 CRC24_RFC2440 WHIRLPOOL TIGER1 TIGER2 GOSTR3411_94 STRIBOG256 STRIBOG512 SHA3_224 SHA3_256 SHA3_384 SHA3_512 SHAKE128 SHAKE256 BLAKE2B_512 BLAKE2B_384 BLAKE2B_256 BLAKE2B_160 BLAKE2S_256 BLAKE2S_224 BLAKE2S_160 BLAKE2S_128
See Available hash algorithms for more details on each algorithm.
Note that SHAKE128 and SHAKE256 are extendable-output functions (XOF),
and can produce variable amounts of output. Pass in the number of
bytes you want to digest, hex or dec:
use Gcrypt::Simple :SHAKE128;
say SHAKE128('Some text').hex(16);
A message authentication code is a short code used to authenticate that a message came from the stated sender (its authenticity) and has not been changed.
To create one, you need a key and the message.
use Gcrypt::Simple :HMAC_MD5; # Select algorithm, or :ALL for all
say HMAC_MD5('mykey', 'my message').hex;
# f50357b6299b741cf6b1c63073e54112
my $obj = HMAC_MD5('mykey'); # Create object
$obj.write('my message'); # Add data
say $obj.MAC; # Blob
say $obj.hex; # Hex string
say $obj.hex(:reset); # Can also pass :reset to MAC or hex
$obj.reset; # or reset to reuse object on another message
Key is truncated or 0 extended to the size for the algorithm.
($obj.keylen will tell you the algorithm's key size).
Available MAC algorithms:
HMAC_SHA256 HMAC_SHA224 HMAC_SHA512 HMAC_SHA384 HMAC_SHA1 HMAC_MD5 HMAC_MD4 HMAC_RIPEMD160 HMAC_TIGER HMAC_WHIRLPOOL HMAC_GOSTR3411_94 HMAC_STRIBOG256 HMAC_STRIBOG512 HMAC_SHA3_224 HMAC_SHA3_256 HMAC_SHA3_384 HMAC_SHA3_512 CMAC_AES CMAC_3DES CMAC_Camellia CMAC_CAST5 CMAC_Blowfish CMAC_Twofish CMAC_Serpent CMAC_SEED CMAC_RFC2268 CMAC_IDEA CMAC_GOST28147 GMAC_AES GMAC_Camellia GMAC_Twofish GMAC_Serpent GMAC_SEED POLY1305
See Available MAC algorithms for more details on each algorithm.
use Gcrypt::Simple :IDEA;
my $key = 'foobar';
my $encrypted = IDEA($key).encrypt('Some text');
say IDEA($key).decrypt($encrypted);
my $obj = IDEA($key); # Create object
my $encrypted = $obj.encrypt('Some text');
$obj.reset; # Reuse object
say $obj.decrypt($encrypted);
Available Ciphers:
IDEA DES3 CAST5 Blowfish AES AES192 AES256 Twofish RC4 DES Twofish128 Serpent128 Serpent192 RFC2268_40 SEED Camellia128 Camellia192 Camellia256 Salsa20 Salsa20R12 GOST28147 ChaCha20
See Available ciphers for more details on each algorithm.
use Gcrypt::Random;
my $rand = random(10);
# Buf[uint8].new(148,229,159,236,230,13,154,226,245,23)
my $rand = random(10, :weak); # actually the same as strong
my $rand = random(10, :strong); # default
my $rand = random(10, :very-strong); # stronger
my $rand = nonce(10); # Actually weak, but unpredictable
Returns a buffer of random bytes.
See Quality of random numbers for more information.
Derive a key from a string
use Gcrypt::Passphrase;
my $passphrase = "This is a long and complicated passphrase.";
my $key = key-from-passphrase($passphrase,
keysize => 16,
algorithm => 'SIMPLE_S2K',
subalgorithm => 'SHA1');
$key = key-from-passphrase($passphrase,
keysize => 64,
algorithm => 'ITERSALTED_S2K',
subalgorithm => 'SHA512',
iterations => 12,
salt => 'abcdefgh');
See Key Derivation for more information.
You can check the version by calling Gcrypt.version which returns
the version as a string:
use Gcrypt;
say Gcrypt.version; # '1.7.6beta' or '1.8.1' or whatever
You can query the library for its capabilities with Gcrypt.config:
use Gcrypt;
say Gcrypt.config; # Get all configuration
say Gcrypt.config('ciphers'); # List available ciphers
say Gcrypt.config('digests'); # List available digests
NOTE: config has a known problem on CentOS and is likely not to work.
Most Gcrypt actions are thread-safe.
The error strings use a static memory buffer, so make sure only one
thread is printing out an Exception message at a time. You can use
the exception's integer code safely.
Many distributions already have libgcrypt installed, but if not, get it first:
- For debian or ubuntu:
apt install libgcrypt20 - For alpine:
apk add libgcrypt - For CentOS:
yum install libgcrypt
Then zef install Gcrypt
This work is subject to the Artistic License 2.0.
See LICENSE for more information.