feat: add support for Python 3.11

[aaron-prindle]

Fixes #121

PR based off of: #101

[briandealwis]

Looks like PyDev 10.0.0 dropped Python 2.7 support as of October 1, 2022, which would correspond to pydevd 2.9.0. The PyDev 9.3.0 release notes also adds that Python 3.6 will be the minimum targeted going forward. So we'll need to lock in pydevd 2.8.0 for Python 2.7 and 3.5.

I opened #123 to drop Python 2.7 support whenever we do a v2 of the debug-support images.

[aaron-prindle]

@briandealwis I'm not sure if I understand the actionable next steps from your comment above. In the PR here should I pin the version of pydevd used to v2.9.0? Currently I'm a bit confused how to get this PR in good shape, please let me know if you have any suggestions here. This PR was modeled off of #101 and I am still going through the codebase to understand what is actually happening under the hood. Any tips would be appreciated, thanks!