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COMMENT | ||
Mechanism taken from Doron et al., 2017 | ||
https://senselab.med.yale.edu/ModelDB/ShowModel.cshtml?model=231427&file=/reproduction/Im.mod#tabs-2 | ||
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Reference : Adams et al. 1982 - M-currents and other potassium currents in bullfrog sympathetic neurones | ||
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corrected rates using q10 = 2.3, target temperature 34, orginal 21 | ||
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ENDCOMMENT | ||
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NEURON { | ||
SUFFIX Im_ms | ||
USEION k READ ek WRITE ik | ||
RANGE gbar, gIm, ik | ||
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USEION PKA READ PKAi VALENCE 0 | ||
RANGE mod_pka_g_min, mod_pka_g_max, mod_pka_g_half, mod_pka_g_slope | ||
RANGE modulation_factor | ||
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} | ||
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UNITS { | ||
(S) = (siemens) | ||
(mV) = (millivolt) | ||
(mA) = (milliamp) | ||
} | ||
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PARAMETER { | ||
gbar = 0.00001 (S/cm2) | ||
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mod_pka_g_min = 1 (1) | ||
mod_pka_g_max = 1 (1) | ||
mod_pka_g_half = 0.000100 (mM) | ||
mod_pka_g_slope = 0.01 (mM) | ||
} | ||
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ASSIGNED { | ||
v (mV) | ||
ek (mV) | ||
ik (mA/cm2) | ||
gIm (S/cm2) | ||
mInf | ||
mTau | ||
mAlpha | ||
mBeta | ||
PKAi (mM) | ||
modulation_factor (1) | ||
} | ||
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STATE { | ||
m | ||
} | ||
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BREAKPOINT { | ||
SOLVE states METHOD cnexp | ||
modulation_factor=modulation(PKAi, mod_pka_g_min, mod_pka_g_max, mod_pka_g_half, mod_pka_g_slope) | ||
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gIm = gbar*m*modulation_factor | ||
ik = gIm*(v-ek) | ||
} | ||
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DERIVATIVE states { | ||
rates() | ||
m' = (mInf-m)/mTau | ||
} | ||
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INITIAL{ | ||
rates() | ||
m = mInf | ||
} | ||
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PROCEDURE rates(){ | ||
LOCAL qt | ||
qt = 2.3^((34-21)/10) | ||
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UNITSOFF | ||
mAlpha = 3.3e-3*exp(2.5*0.04*(v - -35)) | ||
mBeta = 3.3e-3*exp(-2.5*0.04*(v - -35)) | ||
mInf = mAlpha/(mAlpha + mBeta) | ||
mTau = (1/(mAlpha + mBeta))/qt | ||
UNITSON | ||
} | ||
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FUNCTION modulation(conc (mM), mod_min (1), mod_max (1), mod_half (mM), mod_slope (mM)) (1) { | ||
: returns modulation factor | ||
modulation = mod_min + (mod_max-mod_min) / (1 + exp(-(conc - mod_half)/mod_slope)) | ||
} |
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COMMENT | ||
Two state kinetic scheme synapse which comes from Expsyn modfile which was fitted with new time constants to describe the effect of nitric oxide coupled to a spike integrating mechanisms (Infire1) | ||
ENDCOMMENT | ||
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NEURON { | ||
POINT_PROCESS NO | ||
RANGE tau1, tau2, e, i | ||
NONSPECIFIC_CURRENT i | ||
RANGE g, m | ||
} | ||
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UNITS { | ||
(nA) = (nanoamp) | ||
(mV) = (millivolt) | ||
(uS) = (microsiemens) | ||
} | ||
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PARAMETER { | ||
tau1 = 2000 (ms) <1e-9,1e9> | ||
tau2 = 3000 (ms) <1e-9,1e9> | ||
e=0 (mV) | ||
tau = 1000 (ms) | ||
refrac = 10 (ms) | ||
} | ||
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ASSIGNED { | ||
v (mV) | ||
i (nA) | ||
g (uS) | ||
factor | ||
m | ||
t0(ms) | ||
refractory | ||
} | ||
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STATE { | ||
A (uS) | ||
B (uS) | ||
} | ||
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INITIAL { | ||
LOCAL tp | ||
if (tau1/tau2 > 0.9999) { | ||
tau1 = 0.9999*tau2 | ||
} | ||
if (tau1/tau2 < 1e-9) { | ||
tau1 = tau2*1e-9 | ||
} | ||
A = 0 | ||
B = 0 | ||
tp = (tau1*tau2)/(tau2 - tau1) * log(tau2/tau1) | ||
factor = -exp(-tp/tau1) + exp(-tp/tau2) | ||
factor = 1/factor | ||
m = 0 | ||
t0 = t | ||
refractory = 0 : 0-integrates input, 1-refractory | ||
} | ||
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BREAKPOINT { | ||
SOLVE state METHOD cnexp | ||
g = B - A | ||
i = g*(v - e) | ||
} | ||
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DERIVATIVE state { | ||
A' = -A/tau1 | ||
B' = -B/tau2 | ||
} | ||
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NET_RECEIVE(weight (uS)) { | ||
if (refractory == 0) { : inputs integrated only when excitable | ||
m = m*exp(-(t - t0)/tau) | ||
t0 = t | ||
m = m + 0.075 | ||
if (m > 1) { | ||
refractory = 1 | ||
m = 2 | ||
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A = A + weight*factor | ||
B = B + weight*factor | ||
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} | ||
}else if (m==2) { : ready to integrate again | ||
t0 = t | ||
refractory = 0 | ||
m = 0 | ||
} | ||
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} |
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: BK-type Purkinje calcium-activated potassium current | ||
: Created 8/19/02 - nwg | ||
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NEURON { | ||
SUFFIX bk_ch | ||
USEION k READ ek WRITE ik | ||
USEION ca READ cai | ||
RANGE gbar, ik, g | ||
GLOBAL minf, mtau, hinf, htau, zinf, ztau | ||
GLOBAL m_vh, m_k, mtau_y0, mtau_vh1, mtau_vh2, mtau_k1, mtau_k2 | ||
GLOBAL z_coef, ztau | ||
GLOBAL h_y0, h_vh, h_k, htau_y0, htau_vh1, htau_vh2, htau_k1, htau_k2 | ||
} | ||
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UNITS { | ||
(mV) = (millivolt) | ||
(mA) = (milliamp) | ||
(mM) = (milli/liter) | ||
} | ||
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PARAMETER { | ||
v (mV) | ||
gbar = .007 (mho/cm2) | ||
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m_vh = -28.9 (mV) | ||
m_k = 6.2 (mV) | ||
mtau_y0 = .000505 (s) | ||
mtau_vh1 = -33.3 (mV) | ||
mtau_k1 = -10 (mV) | ||
mtau_vh2 = 86.4 (mV) | ||
mtau_k2 = 10.1 (mV) | ||
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z_coef = .001 (mM) | ||
ztau = 1 (ms) | ||
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h_y0 = .085 | ||
h_vh = -32 (mV) | ||
h_k = 5.8 (mV) | ||
htau_y0 = .0019 (s) | ||
htau_vh1 = -54.2 (mV) | ||
htau_k1 = -12.9 (mV) | ||
htau_vh2 = 48.5 (mV) | ||
htau_k2 = 5.2 (mV) | ||
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ek (mV) | ||
cai (mM) | ||
} | ||
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ASSIGNED { | ||
minf | ||
mtau (ms) | ||
hinf | ||
htau (ms) | ||
zinf | ||
g (S/cm2) | ||
ik (mA/cm2) | ||
} | ||
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STATE { | ||
m FROM 0 TO 1 | ||
z FROM 0 TO 1 | ||
h FROM 0 TO 1 | ||
} | ||
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BREAKPOINT { | ||
SOLVE states METHOD cnexp | ||
g = gbar * m * m * m * z * z * h | ||
ik = g * (v - ek) | ||
} | ||
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DERIVATIVE states { | ||
rates(v) | ||
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m' = (minf - m) / mtau | ||
h' = (hinf - h) / htau | ||
z' = (zinf - z) / ztau | ||
} | ||
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PROCEDURE rates(Vm (mV)) { | ||
LOCAL v | ||
v = Vm + 5 | ||
minf = 1 / (1 + exp(-(v - (m_vh)) / m_k)) | ||
mtau = (1e3) * (mtau_y0 + 1/(exp((v+ mtau_vh1)/mtau_k1) + exp((v+mtau_vh2)/mtau_k2))) | ||
zinf = 1/(1 + z_coef / cai) | ||
hinf = h_y0 + (1-h_y0) / (1+exp((v - h_vh)/h_k)) | ||
htau = (1e3) * (htau_y0 + 1/(exp((v + htau_vh1)/htau_k1)+exp((v+htau_vh2)/htau_k2))) | ||
} | ||
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INITIAL { | ||
rates(v) | ||
m = minf | ||
z = zinf | ||
h = hinf | ||
} | ||
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COMMENT | ||
From model: | ||
Maurice N, Mercer J, Chan CS, Hernandez-Lopez S, Held J, Tkatch T, Surmeier DJ. | ||
D2 dopamine receptor-mediated modulation of voltage-dependent Na+ channels | ||
reduces autonomous activity in striatal cholinergic interneurons. | ||
J Neurosci. 2004 Nov 17;24(46):10289-301. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2155-04.2004. | ||
PMID: 15548642; PMCID: PMC6730305. | ||
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ENDCOMMENT |
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TITLE BK-type calcium activated K channel (KCa1.1) | ||
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UNITS { | ||
(molar) = (1/liter) | ||
(mV) = (millivolt) | ||
(mA) = (milliamp) | ||
(mM) = (millimolar) | ||
FARADAY = (faraday) (kilocoulombs) | ||
R = (k-mole) (joule/degC) | ||
} | ||
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NEURON { | ||
SUFFIX bk_fs | ||
USEION ca READ cai | ||
USEION k READ ek WRITE ik | ||
RANGE gbar, ik | ||
} | ||
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PARAMETER { | ||
gbar = 0.0 (mho/cm2) | ||
k1 = 0.003 (mM) | ||
k4 = 0.009 (mM) | ||
d1 = 0.84 | ||
d4 = 1.0 | ||
q = 1 : body temperature 35 C | ||
} | ||
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ASSIGNED { | ||
v (mV) | ||
ik (mA/cm2) | ||
celsius (degC) | ||
cai (mM) | ||
ek (mV) | ||
oinf | ||
otau (ms) | ||
} | ||
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STATE { o } | ||
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BREAKPOINT { | ||
SOLVE state METHOD cnexp | ||
ik = gbar*o*(v-ek) | ||
} | ||
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DERIVATIVE state { | ||
rate(v, cai) | ||
o' = (oinf-o)/otau*q | ||
} | ||
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INITIAL { | ||
rate(v, cai) | ||
o = oinf | ||
} | ||
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PROCEDURE rate(v (mV), ca (mM)) { | ||
LOCAL a, b, sum, z | ||
UNITSOFF | ||
z = 1e-3*2*FARADAY/(R*(celsius+273.15)) | ||
a = 0.48*ca/(ca+k1*exp(-z*d1*v)) | ||
b = 0.28/(1+ca/(k4*exp(-z*d4*v))) | ||
sum = a+b | ||
oinf = a/sum | ||
otau = 1/sum | ||
UNITSON | ||
} | ||
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COMMENT | ||
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Experimental data was obtained from BKCa channels from rat brain injected | ||
as cRNAs into Xenopus oocytes [1]. Electrophysiological recordings were | ||
performed at room temperature 22-24 C [1, supporting online material]. | ||
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Original model [2, model 3 in Tab.1] was implemented by De Schutter | ||
and adapted by Kai Du. In the model revisions [3,4] parameters k1 and k4 | ||
[2, channel A in Tab.2] were adjusted to fit rat/Xenopus data | ||
[1, Fig.3C and Fig.4A, 10 uM Ca] at body temperature 35 C. | ||
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NEURON implementation by Alexander Kozlov <akozlov@kth.se>. | ||
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[1] Berkefeld H, Sailer CA, Bildl W, Rohde V, Thumfart JO, Eble S, | ||
Klugbauer N, Reisinger E, Bischofberger J, Oliver D, Knaus HG, Schulte U, | ||
Fakler B (2006) BKCa-Cav channel complexes mediate rapid and localized | ||
Ca2+-activated K+ signaling. Science 314(5799):615-20. | ||
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[2] Moczydlowski E, Latorre R (1983) Gating kinetics of Ca2+-activated K+ | ||
channels from rat muscle incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. Evidence | ||
for two voltage-dependent Ca2+ binding reactions. J Gen Physiol | ||
82(4):511-42. | ||
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[3] Evans RC, Morera-Herreras T, Cui Y, Du K, Sheehan T, Kotaleski JH, | ||
Venance L, Blackwell KT (2012) The effects of NMDA subunit composition on | ||
calcium influx and spike timing-dependent plasticity in striatal medium | ||
spiny neurons. PLoS Comput Biol 8(4):e1002493. | ||
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[4] Evans RC, Maniar YM, Blackwell KT (2013) Dynamic modulation of | ||
spike timing-dependent calcium influx during corticostriatal upstates. J | ||
Neurophysiol 110(7):1631-45. | ||
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ENDCOMMENT |
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