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files/N64_Interface.cpp

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+/**
+ * Author: John Crain Welsby (john.welsby@gmail.com) in collaboration with Arduino community, especially Nick Gammon.
+ * Date: October 2016
+ * Version: 1.0
+ * 
+ * Implementation of N64_Interface. Specifically designed to run on 16MHz 5V Arduino Uno, or compatible.
+ */
+
+
+
+
+//  V2.00
+//  VajskiDs consoles (October 2022)
+//  Reworked into an In Game reset!
+
+
+// **************  IGR Combination L+R+A+B+Z  **************
+
+
+#include "N64_Interface.h"
+#include "Arduino.h"
+
+//Do nothing for 1 cycle, 1/16 of a microsecond on Arduino Uno
+#define NOP asm volatile ("nop\n\t") //as per original, delayMicroseconds doesn't seem to be as accurate - insta crash. Tried using 1 and 3 microseconds respectively. Moved to macros.
+#define OneMicroSecondDelay NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP;
+#define ThreeMicroSecondDelay NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP;NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP;NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP; NOP;
+#define low bitWrite(DDRD, 2, 1);   //Make data pin an output (low)
+#define high bitWrite(DDRD, 2, 0);  //Make data pin an input (high impedence, lets if float, console pulls it up)
+#define resetpin 4
+#define rst pinMode(resetpin, OUTPUT), bitWrite(PORTD, 4, 0), delay(100), pinMode(resetpin, INPUT);
+
+
+N64_Interface::N64_Interface(int serialpin) : mask_(1 << serialpin) {
+
+}
+
+
+void N64_Interface::send(char const* input, uint16_t length) {
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    char currentByte = input[i];
+
+    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+      bool currentBit = currentByte & 0x80;  //get leftmost bit
+      currentByte <<= 1;                     //shift left
+
+      if (currentBit) {
+        //send logical 1
+        low
+        OneMicroSecondDelay
+        high
+        ThreeMicroSecondDelay
+      } else {
+        //send logical 0
+        low
+        ThreeMicroSecondDelay
+        high
+        OneMicroSecondDelay
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  //send stop bit
+  bitWrite(DDRD, 2, 1);  //Make data pin an output (low)
+  OneMicroSecondDelay
+  bitWrite(DDRD, 2, 0);  //Make data pin an input (high impedence, simulates high
+}
+
+
+void N64_Interface::receive(char* output, uint16_t length) {
+
+  char mask = mask_;  //Create a local copy for speed reasons
+
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    char currentByte = 0;
+
+    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+      while (PIND & mask) {};     //wait for low
+
+      //wait 1 microsecond
+      OneMicroSecondDelay
+
+      currentByte <<= 1;                  //shift left
+      currentByte |= (PIND & mask) != 0;  //add latest bit
+
+      while (!(PIND & mask)) {};    //wait for high
+    }
+
+    output[i] = currentByte;
+  }
+
+  //wait for stop bit
+  while (PIND & mask)
+    ;
+  while (!(PIND & mask))
+    ;
+
+}
+
+
+void IGR(const N64_Status& status) {
+  if (status.buttons1 & BUTTON_A && status.buttons1 & BUTTON_B && status.buttons1 & BUTTON_Z && status.buttons2 & BUTTON_L && status.buttons2 && BUTTON_R) rst;  // Wanted to use START instead of Z but this can't catch that combo for some reason.
+}
+
+
+void N64_Interface::sendStatusQuery() {
+  send(&COMMAND_STATUS, 1);  //Pass the status command byte to the send() function.
+}
+
+void N64_Interface::receiveStatus(N64_Status& status) {
+  receive((char*)&status, status_size);  //Pass the status struct to the receive() function.
+}

files/N64_Interface.h

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+//  ************* ORIGINAL KUDOS ************* https://github.com/LogicalUnit/N64_Interface
+/**
+ * Author: John Crain Welsby (john.welsby@gmail.com) in collaboration with Arduino community, especially Nick Gammon.
+ * Date: October 2016
+ * Version: 1.0
+ *
+ * Use this header file to communicate with a Nintendo 64 controller. It is specifically designed to run on a 16MHz 5V Arduino Uno, or compatible.
+ * Looking into the N64 controller connector, arrow on top, wires from left to right are: GND, Data, 3V3.
+ * You must specify which pin is connected to the Data wire in the constructor of N64_Interface. Valid pins are: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.
+ * If you just want to get the status of the N64 controller's joystick and buttons, use the convenience functions to send and receive status queries.
+ * Multi-byte queries, such as when communicating with a memory card, have not been tested -- but might work.
+ * Be sure to disable interrupts when communicating with the controller.
+ * Search online for more information about the N64 controller communication protocol.
+ */
+
+
+//  V2.00
+//  VajskiDs consoles (October 2022)
+//  Reworked into an In Game reset!
+
+
+// **************  IGR Combination L+R+A+B+Z  **************
+
+
+#ifndef N64_INTERFACE_H
+#define N64_INTERFACE_H
+
+
+
+//Status buttons1:
+const char BUTTON_D_RIGHT = 0x01;
+const char BUTTON_D_LEFT = 0x02;
+const char BUTTON_D_DOWN = 0x04;
+const char BUTTON_D_UP = 0x08;
+const char BUTTON_START = 0x10;
+const char BUTTON_Z = 0x20;
+const char BUTTON_B = 0x40;
+const char BUTTON_A = 0x80;
+
+//Status buttons2:
+const char BUTTON_C_RIGHT = 0x01;
+const char BUTTON_C_LEFT = 0x02;
+const char BUTTON_C_DOWN = 0x04;
+const char BUTTON_C_UP = 0x08;
+const char BUTTON_R = 0x10;
+const char BUTTON_L = 0x20;
+
+//Controller commands (queries to send).
+const char COMMAND_IDENFITY = 0x00;
+const char COMMAND_STATUS = 0x01;
+
+//Structure for storing controller status (joystick and buttons).
+typedef struct {
+  char buttons1;
+  char buttons2;
+  char stick_x;
+  char stick_y;
+} N64_Status;
+
+//Number of bytes in a N64_Status struct
+const int status_size = sizeof(N64_Status);
+
+//Print the contents of a N64_Status struct to serial
+void IGR(const N64_Status& status); 
+
+//Interface to the Nintendo 64 controller
+class N64_Interface {
+
+public:
+  //Specify which pin is connected to the N64 controller's Data wire. Choose pin 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.
+  N64_Interface(int serialpin = 2); 
+
+  //Convenience function. Send the status query byte to the controller.
+  void sendStatusQuery();
+
+  //Convenience function. Receive the status response from the controller.
+  void receiveStatus(N64_Status& status);
+
+  //Send bytes starting at input to controller, length is number of bytes to send.
+  void send(char const* input, unsigned int length);
+
+  //Receive bytes starting at output from controller, length is number of bytes to receive.
+  void receive(char* output, unsigned int length);
+
+private:
+  //Hex representation of the data pin.
+  char mask_; 
+
+};
+
+#endif

files/N64_Interface.ino

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+//  ************* ORIGINAL KUDOS *************
+/**
+ * Author: John Crain Welsby (john.welsby@gmail.com)
+ * Date: October 2016
+ * Version: 1.0
+ * 
+ * Simple demonstration of communication with a Nintendo 64 controller.
+ * Controller must be connected as described in N64_Interface.h (GND, Data, 3V3).
+ * Serial output at 115200 baud.
+ */
+
+
+
+//  V2.00
+//  VajskiDs consoles (October 2022)
+//  Reworked into an In Game reset!
+
+
+// **************  IGR Combination L+R+A+B+Z  **************
+
+
+#include "N64_Interface.h"
+#define resetpin 4
+#define serialpin 2
+
+
+//Global variables
+N64_Interface interface(serialpin); //N64 controller Data wire is connected to pin 2.
+N64_Status status, oldStatus; //Status of joystick and buttons.
+
+void setup() {
+  pinMode (resetpin, INPUT);
+
+  //Start by clearing the status variables
+  memset(&status, 0, status_size);
+  memset(&oldStatus, 0, status_size);
+}
+
+
+void loop() {
+
+  noInterrupts(); //Disable interrupts, they interfere with timings.
+  interface.sendStatusQuery(); //This is how we send the status query (1 byte).
+  interface.receiveStatus(status); //This is how we receive the status response (4 bytes).
+  interrupts(); //Timing critical section complete, re-enable interrupts.
+  IGR(status);
+  delay(500);
+
+}