What is Kokonut...?

BlockChain Framework powered by Kotlin

Kokonut Protocol

Version : 4

Abstract

This protocol describes block chain systems & rules of kokonut.

Block

• The 'Block' is the collection of data which contains uniqueness.
• Blocks have meaning and value only when they are connected to each other.
• Format is JSON(.json).

Basic Structure

• version : The kokonut protocol verison (match to major number of library version).
• index : The numbering of block which previous block index < next block index.
• previousHash : The hash of previous block.
• timestamp : Time relative to UTC. Indicates the time the block difficulty was solved.
• data :
• difficulty : The numbers of leading 0 of hash. All block hash must follow difficulty.
• nonce : The total times of trying hash function for satisfying difficulty.
• hash : The output 64-digits string format which came from SHA-256(Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit) hash function, inputs is the sequential collection of all data's in block.

{
  "version":4,
  "index":1,
  "previousHash":"00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000061bdff5e59b8ff4c",
  "timestamp":1724547179867,
  "data": {
    "reward":16.230218,
    "miner":"6c60b7550766d5ae24ccc3327f0e47fbaa51e599172795bb9ad06ac82784a92d",
    "transactions":[],
    "comment":"kokonut version 4"
    },
  "difficulty":6,
  "nonce":1502929,
  "hash":"000000f31571551dacab93769546843d2ef483fd0d26181fe8950de617b919ec"}

Genesis Block

It is called genesis block which follows below :

• first block of chain
• previousHash is "0"
• reward is 0
• miner is "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
• transactions is empty
• difficulty is 0
• nonce is 0
• hash isn't made by SHA-256 Hash Algorithm. it is artificially generated.

Structure

{ 
  "version":4,
  "index":0,
  "previousHash":"0",
  "timestamp":1725108420520,
  "data":{
    "reward":0.0,
    "ticker":"KNT",
    "miner":"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "transactions":[],
    "comment":"Navigate beyond computing oceans"
   },
  "difficulty":0,
  "nonce":0,
  "hash":"000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000190282d71244ac7a"
}

BlockChain

• The connectivity of blocks.

Kovault

• Kovalut is Database which use SQLite DBMS(DataBase Management System) software.

Proven Of Work

Validation Process

1. Check Miner
2. Check Index
3. Check Version
4. CHeck Difficulty
5. Check Hash

Calculate Hash

    fun calculateHash(): String {
        val input = "$version$index$previousHash$timestamp$data$difficulty$nonce"
        hash = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256")
            .digest(input.toByteArray())
            .fold("") { str, it -> str + "%02x".format(it) }
        return hash
    }

Mining

Status

• READY
• MINING
• FAILED
• MINED

State Machine Diagram

Difficulty

Reward

Reduction Time

Node

• Configuration is 3 parts. Fuel, Full and Light Nodes

Status

• VALID : Able to internet connect & verified by wallet is valid
• INVALID : Able to internet connect but, non-verified by wallet is invalid
• DISCONNECTED : Status of not being able to internet connect to node

State Machine Diagram

Fuel Node

• URL : https://kokonut-fuelnode.onrender.com
• It contains genesis block
• Service full node lists
• Synchronize full nodes
• Supplies important information to cross validation between full & light node

Full Node

• URL : -
• DockerHub : https://hub.docker.com/r/volta2030/knt_fullnode
• Validate Block and Add to Chain. powered by kokonut
• Check Chain is valid

Light Node

• Client Application for block chain system
• Mine Block. powered by kokonut
• Check Chain is valid

Propagation

• It has two mission. 1. Alert stop other full nodes mining 2. Comparison other full nodes than infect longer blockchain.

Diagram

Transaction

Status

• INVALID
• PENDING
• READY
• RESERVED
• EXECUTED

State Machine Diagram

Wallet