SLVS-1435 Support C Language standard flags

[AbbasNS]

SLVS-1435

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarCloud

[AbbasNS]

I did a manual test using this code snipped to make sure we start to take the C standard into consideration.
Even though this PR can be merged before the CFamily upgrade to 6.58, this specific test requires CFamily 6.58 to notice the difference in behavior.

// * Raises only c:S820 with /std:c17
// * Raises only c:2260 with /std:clatest
implicit_int;

S2260 needs to be enabled in the settings.json:

{
  "sonarlint.rules": {
    "c:S2260": {
      "level": "On"
    }
  }
}

The option can be changed in the language standard of the file: