The data of a network capture of the initial handshake phase can be used to authenticate at a SYSDBA level. If a specific .exe is not restarted often, it is possible to access the needed handshake packets between admin/client connections. Using the SYSDBA permission, an attacker can change user passwords or delete the database.

References

• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38459
• https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-292-01