pydeps

Python module dependency visualization. This package installs the pydeps command, and normal usage will be to use it from the command line.

How to install

pip install pydeps

Basic Usage

From the shell:

shell> pydeps [flags] module-directory

Detailed usage examples can be found below the version history.

Creating the graph:

To create graphs you need to install Graphviz Please follow the installation instructions provided in the Graphviz link (and make sure the dot command is on your path).

Displaying the graph:

To display the resulting .svg files, pydeps by default calls firefox foo.svg. This is can be overridden with the --display PROGRAM option, where PROGRAM is an executable that can display the image file of the graph.

Feature requests and bug reports:

Please report bugs and feature requests on GitHub at https://github.com/thebjorn/pydeps/issues

Version history

Version 1.8.2 incldes a new flag --only that causes pydeps to only report on the paths specified:

shell> pydeps mypackage --only mypackage.a mypackage.b

Version 1.8.0 includes 4 new flags for drawing external dependencies as clusters. See below for examples. Additionally, the arrowheads now have the color of the source node.

Version 1.7.3 includes a new flag -xx or --exclude-exact which matches the functionality of the --exclude flag, except it requires an exact match, i.e. -xx foo.bar will exclude foo.bar, but not foo.bar.blob (thanks to AvenzaOleg for the PR).

Version 1.7.2 includes a new flag, --no-output, which prevents creation of the .svg/.png file.

Version 1.7.1 fixes excludes in .pydeps files (thanks to eqvis for the bug report).

Version 1.7.0 The new --reverse flag reverses the direction of the arrows in the dependency graph, so they point _to_ the imported module instead of _from_ the imported module (thanks to goetzk for the bug report and tobiasmaier for the PR!).

Version 1.5.0 Python 3 support (thanks to eight04 for the PR).

Version 1.3.4 --externals will now include modules that haven't been installed (what modulefinder calls badmodules).

Version 1.2.8 A shortcut for finding the direct external dependencies of a package was added:

pydeps --externals mypackage

which will print a json formatted list of module names to the screen, e.g.:

(dev) go|c:\srv\lib\dk-tasklib> pydeps --externals dktasklib
[
    "dkfileutils"
]

which means that the dktasklib package only depends on the dkfileutils package.

This functionality is also available programmatically:

import os
from pydeps.pydeps import externals
# the directory that contains setup.py (one level up from actual package):
os.chdir('package-directory')
print externals('mypackage')

Version 1.2.5: The defaults are now sensible, such that:

shell> pydeps mypackage

will likely do what you want. It is the same as pydeps --show --max-bacon=2 mypackage which means display the dependency graph in your browser, but limit it to two hops (which includes only the modules that your module imports -- not continuing down the import chain). The old default behavior is available with pydeps --noshow --max-bacon=0 mypackage.

Usage

This is the result of running pydeps on itself (pydeps pydeps):

(full disclosure: this is for an early version of pydeps)

Bacon

pydeps also contains an Erdős-like scoring function (a.k.a. Bacon number, from Six degrees of Kevin Bacon (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Degrees_of_Kevin_Bacon) that lets you filter out modules that are more than a given number of 'hops' away from the module you're interested in. This is useful for finding the interface a module has to the rest of the world.

To find pydeps' interface to the Python stdlib (less some very common modules).

shell> pydeps pydeps --show --max-bacon 2 --pylib -x os re types _* enum

--max-bacon 2 (the default) gives the modules that are at most 2 hops away, and modules that belong together have similar colors. Compare that to the output with the --max-bacon=0 (infinite) filter:

.pydeps

All options can also be set in a .pydeps file using .ini file syntax (parsable by ConfigParser). Command line options override options in the .pydeps file in the current directory, which again overrides options in the user's home directory (%USERPROFILE%\.pydeps on Windows and ${HOME}/.pydeps otherwise).

An example .pydeps file:

[pydeps]
max_bacon = 2
verbose = 0
pylib = False
exclude =
    os
    re
    sys
    collections
    __future__

Import cycles

pydeps can detect and display cycles with the --show-cycles parameter. This will _only_ display the cycles, and for big libraries it is not a particularly fast operation. Given a folder with the following contents (this uses yaml to define a directory structure, like in the tests):

relimp:
    - __init__.py
    - a.py: |
        from . import b
    - b.py: |
        from . import a

pydeps relimp --show-cycles displays:

Clustering externals

Running pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 on version 1.8.0 of pydeps gives the following graph:

If you are not interested in the internal structure of external modules, you can add the --cluster flag, which will collapse external modules into folder-shaped objects:

shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster

To see the internal structure _and_ delineate external modules, use the --max-cluster-size flag, which controls how many nodes can be in a cluster before it is collapsed to a folder icon:

shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=1000

or, using a smaller max-cluster-size:

shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3

To remove clusters with too few nodes, use the --min-cluster-size flag:

shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3 --min-cluster-size=2

In some situations it can be useful to draw the target module as a cluster:

shell> pydeps pydeps --max-bacon=4 --cluster --max-cluster-size=3 --min-cluster-size=2 --keep-target-cluster

Intermediate format

An attempt has been made to keep the intermediate formats readable, eg. the output from pydeps --show-deps .. looks like this:

...
"pydeps.mf27": {
    "imported_by": [
        "__main__",
        "pydeps.py2depgraph"
    ],
    "kind": "imp.PY_SOURCE",
    "name": "pydeps.mf27",
    "path": "pydeps\\mf27.py"
},
"pydeps.py2depgraph": {
    "imported_by": [
        "__main__",
        "pydeps.pydeps"
    ],
    "imports": [
        "pydeps.depgraph",
        "pydeps.mf27"
    ],
    "kind": "imp.PY_SOURCE",
    "name": "pydeps.py2depgraph",
    "path": "pydeps\\py2depgraph.py"
}, ...

Usage (parameters)

usage: pydeps [-h] [--debug] [--config FILE] [--no-config] [--version]
              [-L LOG] [-v] [-o file] [-T FORMAT] [--display PROGRAM]
              [--noshow] [--show-deps] [--show-raw-deps] [--show-dot]
              [--nodot] [--no-output] [--show-cycles] [--debug-mf INT]
              [--noise-level INT] [--max-bacon INT] [--pylib] [--pylib-all]
              [--include-missing] [-x PATTERN [PATTERN ...]]
              [-xx MODULE [MODULE ...]] [--externals] [--reverse] [--cluster]
              [--min-cluster-size INT] [--max-cluster-size INT]
              [--keep-target-cluster]
              fname

positional arguments:

fname filename

optional arguments:

-h, --help	show this help message and exit
--config FILE	specify config file
--no-config	disable processing of config files
--version	print pydeps version
-L LOG, --log LOG
	set log-level to one of CRITICAL, ERROR, WARNING, INFO, DEBUG, NOTSET.
-v, --verbose	be more verbose (-vv, -vvv for more verbosity)
-o file	write output to 'file'
-T FORMAT	output format (svg|png)
--display PROGRAM
	program to use to display the graph (png or svg file depending on the T parameter)
--noshow	don't call external program to display graph
--show-deps	show output of dependency analysis
--show-raw-deps
	show output of dependency analysis before removing skips
--show-dot	show output of dot conversion
--nodot	skip dot conversion
--no-output	don't create .svg/.png file, implies --no-show (-t/-o will be ignored)
--show-cycles	show only import cycles
--debug	turn on all the show and verbose options (mainly for debugging pydeps itself)
--noise-level INT
	exclude sources or sinks with degree greater than noise-level
--max-bacon INT
	exclude nodes that are more than n hops away (default=2, 0 -> infinite)
--pylib	include python std lib modules
--pylib-all	include python all std lib modules (incl. C modules)
--x PATTERN, --exclude PATTERN
	input files to skip (e.g. foo.*), multiple patterns can be provided
--xx MODULE, --exclude-exact MODULE
	same as --exclude, except requires the full match. -xx foo.bar will exclude foo.bar, but not foo.bar.blob
--only MODULE_PATH
	only include modules that start with MODULE_PATH, multiple paths can be provided
--externals	create list of direct external dependencies
--reverse	draw arrows to (instead of from) imported modules
--cluster	draw external dependencies as separate clusters
--min-cluster-size INT
	the minimum number of nodes a dependency must have before being clustered (default=0)
--max-cluster-size INT
	the maximum number of nodes a dependency can have before the cluster is collapsed to a single node (default=0)
--keep-target-cluster
	draw target module as a cluster

You can of course import pydeps from Python (look in the tests/test_relative_imports.py file for examples.

Contributing

1. Fork it
2. It is appreciated (but not required) if you raise an issue first: https://github.com/thebjorn/pydeps/issues
3. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
4. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
5. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
6. Create new Pull Request