Make pallet-patcher version aware and add priority search mechanism

[Blast545]

As the title says.

This is the list of the changes addressed in this PR:

-> Moved the logic to parse the dependencies available in a search path outside of the iteration loop. It should be easier to test if we move this one out of the compose loop.

-> Added a file with the logic required to solve the dependency specifiers in Rust. This was AI generated, we have to think which cases we want to handle there and how.

-> We are also saving the dependency version we have available. That way we can use different ones if needed be.

-> Added more verbose output to the scenario where a dependency wasn't found either in the workspace search path or the system installed path.

-> Added a priority system: We default to prefer anything available locally, then we fetch system installed crates, then we rely on cargo. I think we also need to change the way that cargo will treat those at a colcon level. Crates installed by the system will be treated as Immutable and crates installed in the workspace will be treated as patches. That way, if the user wants to make any modifications to those crates, cargo will pick it up correctly.

[Blast545]

This seems to be working, the demo of this PR lies in this CI run:

https://github.com/Blast545/test_cargo_pulling_deps/actions/runs/21700214935/job/62578982853?pr=1

Check with the updated version of: Blast545/test_cargo_pulling_deps#1

[Blast545]

As of [c93f0e1] this PR works fully functional with colcon/colcon-cargo#69. I'll add a couple of commits related to discussions that I had with @cottsay and later split it in easier to review chunks.