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| # Git 命令 | ||
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| ## 设置本地仓库 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |-------------------|-------| | ||
| | `git init` | 初始化仓库 | | ||
| | `git clone <url>` | 克隆仓库 | | ||
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| ## 配置 Git | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |--------------------------------------------|----------------| | ||
| | `git config --global user.name <name>` | 设置用户名 | | ||
| | `git config --global user.email <email>` | 设置用户邮箱 | | ||
| | `git config --global color.ui true` | 设置 Git 命令行颜色显示 | | ||
| | `git config --global core.editor <editor>` | 设置默认文本编辑器 | | ||
| | `git config --list` | 查看配置信息 | | ||
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| ## 基本快照 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |-----------------------------|----------------| | ||
| | `git add <file>` | 添加文件到暂存区 | | ||
| | `git add .` | 添加所有文件到暂存区 | | ||
| | `git commit -m "<message>"` | 提交暂存区文件并添加提交信息 | | ||
| | `git status` | 查看仓库状态 | | ||
| | `git diff` | 查看文件差异 | | ||
| | `git diff --staged` | 查看暂存区文件差异 | | ||
| | `git log` | 查看提交历史 | | ||
| | `git rm <file>` | 删除文件 | | ||
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| ## 分支和合并 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |-----------------------------|---------| | ||
| | `git branch` | 查看分支列表 | | ||
| | `git branch <new-branch>` | 创建分支 | | ||
| | `git checkout <branch>` | 切换分支 | | ||
| | `git checkout -b <branch>` | 创建并切换分支 | | ||
| | `git merge <branch>` | 合并分支 | | ||
| | `git branch -d <branch>` | 删除分支 | | ||
| | `git branch -D <branch>` | 强制删除分支 | | ||
| | `git branch -m <old> <new>` | 重命名分支 | | ||
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| ## 撤销更改 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |-----------------------------|----------------| | ||
| | `git reset --hard HEAD` | 撤销所有更改并重置到最新提交 | | ||
| | `git checkout -- <file>` | 放弃对文件的修改 | | ||
| | `git revert <commit>` | 撤销指定提交 | | ||
| | `git reset <commit>` | 重置到指定提交 | | ||
| | `git reset --hard <commit>` | 重置到指定提交并删除工作区 | | ||
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| ## 远程仓库 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |---------------------------------------|------------------| | ||
| | `git remote add <name> <url>` | 添加远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git remote -v` | 查看远程仓库信息 | | ||
| | `git fetch` | 拉取远程仓库更新 | | ||
| | `git pull` | 拉取远程仓库更新并合并到当前分支 | | ||
| | `git push origin <branch>` | 推送本地分支到远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git push origin --delete <branch>` | 删除远程分支 | | ||
| | `git remote remove <name>` | 删除远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git remote set-url <name> <url>` | 修改远程仓库地址 | | ||
| | `git remote update <name>` | 更新远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git remote show <name>` | 查看远程仓库详细信息 | | ||
| | `git remote prune <name>` | 删除远程仓库中已经不存在的分支 | | ||
| | `git remote rename <old> <new>` | 重命名远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git remote set-head <name> <branch>` | 设置远程仓库的默认分支 | | ||
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| ## 隐藏更改 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |-------------------------------------|---------------| | ||
| | `git stash` | 暂存当前工作区更改 | | ||
| | `git stash list` | 查看暂存列表 | | ||
| | `git stash apply <stash>` | 应用指定暂存更改 | | ||
| | `git stash pop <stash>` | 应用并删除指定暂存更改 | | ||
| | `git stash drop <stash>` | 删除指定暂存更改 | | ||
| | `git stash clear` | 清空暂存列表 | | ||
| | `git stash branch <branch> <stash>` | 从指定暂存创建新分支 | | ||
| | `git stash show <stash>` | 查看指定暂存更改的详细信息 | | ||
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| ## 标签 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |----------------------------------------|-------------| | ||
| | `git tag` | 查看所有标签 | | ||
| | `git tag <tagname>` | 创建标签 | | ||
| | `git tag -a <tagname> -m "message"` | 创建带有说明的标签 | | ||
| | `git tag -d <tagname>` | 删除标签 | | ||
| | `git show <tagname>` | 查看标签详细信息 | | ||
| | `git push origin <tagname>` | 推送标签到远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git push origin --tags` | 推送所有标签到远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git fetch --tags` | 拉取所有标签 | | ||
| | `git checkout <tagname>` | 切换到指定标签 | | ||
| | `git tag -d <tagname>` | 删除本地标签 | | ||
| | `git push origin :refs/tags/<tagname>` | 删除远程标签 | | ||
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| ## 查看差异 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |---------------------|-------------------| | ||
| | `git diff` | 查看工作区和暂存区之间的差异 | | ||
| | `git diff HEAD` | 查看工作区和最近一次提交之间的差异 | | ||
| | `git diff <branch>` | 查看工作区和指定分支之间的差异 | | ||
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| ## 检查和比较 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |----------------------------------------------|------------------| | ||
| | `git show <commit>` | 查看提交详细信息 | | ||
| | `git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all` | 查看提交历史和分支图 | | ||
| | `git blame <file>` | 查看文件每一行最后修改的提交信息 | | ||
| | `git shortlog` | 查看提交历史 | | ||
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| ## 协作和审查 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |------------------------------|----------------| | ||
| | `git fetch <remote>` | 拉取远程仓库的更新 | | ||
| | `git pull <remote> <branch>` | 拉取远程分支的更新 | | ||
| | `git push <remote> <branch>` | 推送本地分支的更新到远程仓库 | | ||
| | `git cherry-pick <commit>` | 合并指定提交到当前分支 | | ||
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| ## 清理 | ||
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| | 命令 | 说明 | | ||
| |-----------------|-------------| | ||
| | `git clean -f` | 删除未跟踪的文件 | | ||
| | `git clean -fd` | 删除未跟踪的文件和目录 | | ||
| | `git gc` | 清理仓库，回收空间 | | ||
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