Add workflow for building statically linked binary #342

Job	Run time
Test and coverage	2m 48s
No-op rebuilds	1m 3s
Test with address sanitizer	4m 21s
Test with leak sanitizer	2m 32s
Build [ubuntu-latest, 1.63.0, dev, ]	1m 35s
Build [ubuntu-latest, 1.63.0, release, ]	1m 58s
Build [ubuntu-latest, stable, dev, ]	29s
Build [ubuntu-latest, stable, release, ]	40s
Build [macos-latest, 1.63.0, dev, ]	3m 51s
Build [macos-latest, 1.63.0, release, ]	2m 45s
Build [macos-latest, stable, dev, ]	1m 39s
Build [macos-latest, stable, release, ]	1m 5s
Build [ubuntu-latest, stable, dev, --no-default-features]	26s
Benchmark	7m 46s
Generate documentation	19s
Check generated C header	1m 5s
Check code formatting	13s
Test with release build	2m 57s
Lint with clippy	52s
	38m 24s

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