Update broken links in CONTRIBUTING.md

[DilepDev]

- What I did
In CONTRIBUTING.md updated "the review process we use for simple changes", "our style guide" and "building the documentation" with working links.

- How I did it
Used google and docs.docker for information

- How to verify it
NA

- Description for the changelog

In CONTRIBUTING.md "the review process we use for simple changes", "our style guide" and "building the documentation" will point to the correct working links

- A picture of a cute animal (not mandatory but encouraged)

"closes #5416 "

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 59.73%. Comparing base (6b74160) to head (45d5596).
Report is 112 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #5417   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   59.73%   59.73%           
=======================================
  Files         345      345           
  Lines       23394    23394           
=======================================
  Hits        13974    13974           
  Misses       8450     8450           
  Partials      970      970           

[Benehiko]

Similar to #5041

[DilepDev]

Thank you @laurazard, @thaJeztah for the inputs, what would you suggest next step to be, is it to create the missing documentation in docker/cli referencing moby/docs and links from the waybackmachine ?

[laurazard]

@DilepDev This PR is still an improvement overall, so I definitely think we should still merge it, and we can think about moving/maybe bringing back some of those old docs into moby/moby or here later.

[thaJeztah]

LGTM