Add support for APDS-9930 sensor

[iyesin]

Add support for APDS-9930 sensor (ambient light + proximity)

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Developer breaking change (an API change that could break external components)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable):

• fixes my request to add APDS-9930

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable):

• Add APDS-9930 sensor documentation esphome-docs#5896

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040
• BK72xx
• RTL87xx
• nRF52840

Example entry for config.yaml:

external_components:
  - source: github://pr#13125
    components: [apds9930]
    refresh: 1h

i2c:
  sda: GPIO21
  scl: GPIO22
  scan: true

apds9930:
  id: light_proximity_sensor
  address: 0x39
  update_interval: 60s
  led_drive: 100ma
  proximity_gain: 8x
  ambient_light_gain: 1x
  proximity_diode: 2

sensor:
  - platform: apds9930
    apds9930_id: light_proximity_sensor
    type: illuminance
    illuminance:
      name: "Living Room Illuminance"
      id: living_room_lux
      filters:
        - sliding_window_moving_average:
            window_size: 5
            send_every: 5
      on_value_range:
        - below: 50
          then:
            - light.turn_on: main_light
        - above: 200
          then:
            - light.turn_off: main_light

  - platform: apds9930
    apds9930_id: light_proximity_sensor
    type: proximity
    proximity:
      name: "Object Proximity"
      id: object_proximity
      filters:
        - throttle: 1s
      on_value_range:
        - above: 500
          then:
            - logger.log: "Object detected nearby"
            - switch.turn_on: proximity_alert
        - below: 100
          then:
            - switch.turn_off: proximity_alert

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[github-actions]

To use the changes from this PR as an external component, add the following to your ESPHome configuration YAML file:

external_components:
  - source: github://pr#13125
    components: [apds9930]
    refresh: 1h

---

(Added by the PR bot)

[esphome]

👥 Code Ownership

Hey there @iyesin,
Thanks for submitting this pull request! Can you add yourself as a codeowner for this integration? This way we can notify you if a bug report for this integration is reported.

In __init__.py of the integration, please add:

CODEOWNERS = ["@iyesin"]

And run script/build_codeowners.py

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 73.96%. Comparing base (a43e3e5) to head (49c1cd0).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##              dev   #13125   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   73.96%   73.96%           
=======================================
  Files          55       55           
  Lines       11575    11575           
  Branches     1577     1577           
=======================================
  Hits         8562     8562           
  Misses       2611     2611           
  Partials      402      402           

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
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Review dismissed: All requirements have been met

[github-actions]

Memory Impact Analysis

Components: apds9930
Platform: esp8266-ard

Metric	Target Branch	This PR	Change
RAM	28,192 bytes	28,832 bytes	📈 🚨 +640 bytes (+2.27%)
Flash	276,191 bytes	287,575 bytes	📈 🚨 +11,384 bytes (+4.12%)

📊 Component Memory Breakdown

Component	Target Flash	PR Flash	Change
other	7,516 bytes	9,984 bytes	📈 +2,468 bytes (+32.84%)
[esphome]i2c	0 bytes	2,363 bytes	📈 🔸 +2,363 bytes (0.00%)
[esphome]apds9930	0 bytes	1,654 bytes	📈 🔸 +1,654 bytes (0.00%)
[esphome]core	7,330 bytes	8,757 bytes	📈 🚨 +1,427 bytes (+19.47%)
[esphome]sensor	0 bytes	1,069 bytes	📈 🔸 +1,069 bytes (0.00%)
app_framework	1,585 bytes	1,923 bytes	📈 +338 bytes (+21.32%)
misc_system	3,911 bytes	4,216 bytes	📈 +305 bytes (+7.80%)
wifi_config	2,489 bytes	2,759 bytes	📈 +270 bytes (+10.85%)
interrupt_handlers	899 bytes	1,099 bytes	📈 +200 bytes (+22.25%)
static_init	52 bytes	181 bytes	📈 +129 bytes (+248.08%)
power_mgmt	7,013 bytes	7,140 bytes	📈 +127 bytes (+1.81%)
wifi_stack	40,435 bytes	40,308 bytes	📉 -127 bytes (-0.31%)
arduino_core	2,336 bytes	2,400 bytes	📈 +64 bytes (+2.74%)
esp_system	5,657 bytes	5,605 bytes	📉 -52 bytes (-0.92%)
wifi_phy_pp	2,896 bytes	2,948 bytes	📈 +52 bytes (+1.80%)
exception_handling	2,488 bytes	2,531 bytes	📈 +43 bytes (+1.73%)
memory_alloc	901 bytes	927 bytes	📈 +26 bytes (+2.89%)
rom_functions	5,471 bytes	5,484 bytes	📈 +13 bytes (+0.24%)
error_handling	120 bytes	128 bytes	📈 +8 bytes (+6.67%)
freertos	35 bytes	41 bytes	📈 +6 bytes (+17.14%)

🔍 Symbol-Level Changes (click to expand)

Changed Symbols

Symbol	Target Size	PR Size	Change
setup	210 bytes	548 bytes	📈 +338 bytes (+160.95%)
esphome::App	152 bytes	180 bytes	📈 +28 bytes (+18.42%)
[global constructor for: esphome::Application::register_component_(esphome::Component*)]	128 bytes	146 bytes	📈 +18 bytes (+14.06%)
esphome::esp8266::ESP8266Preferences::sync()::__pstr__	15 bytes	7 bytes	📉 -8 bytes (-53.33%)
setup::__pstr__	12 bytes	9 bytes	📉 -3 bytes (-25.00%)

New Symbols (top 15)

Symbol	Size
_vfprintf_r	899 bytes
_svfprintf_r	798 bytes
Twi::onTwipEvent(unsigned char)	464 bytes
esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::write_readv(unsigned char, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, unsig... esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::write_readv(unsigned char, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, unsigned char*, unsigned int)	389 bytes
esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::recover_()	363 bytes
esphome::apds9930::APDS9930::setup()	341 bytes
esphome::apds9930::APDS9930::dump_config()	221 bytes
esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::dump_config()	221 bytes
esphome::apds9930::APDS9930::calculate_lux_(unsigned short, unsigned short)	219 bytes
std::pair<unsigned char, bool>& std::vector<std::pair<unsigned char, bool>, std::allocator<std::p... std::pair<unsigned char, bool>& std::vector<std::pair<unsigned char, bool>, std::allocator<std::pair<unsigned char, bool> > >::emplace_back<unsigned char&, bool>(unsigned char&, bool&&) [$isra$0]	200 bytes
Twi::readFrom(unsigned char, unsigned char*, unsigned int, unsigned char)	193 bytes
esphome::sensor::log_sensor(char const*, char const*, char const*, esphome::sensor::Sensor*)	187 bytes
esphome::format_hex_internal(char*, unsigned int, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, char, char)... esphome::format_hex_internal(char*, unsigned int, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, char, char) [$part$0]	174 bytes
twi	172 bytes
Twi::writeTo(unsigned char, unsigned char*, unsigned int, unsigned char)	171 bytes
161 more new symbols...	Total: 11,815 bytes

Removed Symbols (top 15)

Symbol	Size
_vfiprintf_r	899 bytes
_svfiprintf_r	798 bytes
wifi_fpm_open	127 bytes
_vsnprintf_r	112 bytes
esp_delay	91 bytes
__yield	69 bytes
vprintf	63 bytes
__esp_suspend	58 bytes
system_soft_wdt_restart	52 bytes
delay	46 bytes
__preloop_update_frequency	38 bytes
vsnprintf	32 bytes
vfiprintf	26 bytes
z2EapFree	6 bytes
_lock_try_acquire_recursive	4 bytes
2 more removed symbols...	Total: 2,425 bytes

---

Note: This analysis measures static RAM and Flash usage only (compile-time allocation).
Dynamic memory (heap) cannot be measured automatically.
⚠️ You must test this PR on a real device to measure free heap and ensure no runtime memory issues.

This analysis runs automatically when components change. Memory usage is measured from a representative test configuration.

[iyesin]

I tested this code on the real hardware. The only problem I found is with the proximity sensor: its feedback is kinda chaotic and all 3 (!!!) sensors I posses, showing me different values.